High-resolution urban air pollution mapping

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 385(6707), P. 380 - 385

Published: July 25, 2024

Variation in urban air pollution arises because of complex spatial, temporal, and chemical processes, which profoundly affect population exposure, human health, environmental justice. This Review highlights insights from two popular situ measurement methods—mobile monitoring dense sensor networks—that have distinct but complementary strengths characterizing the dynamics impacts multidimensional quality system. Mobile can measure many pollutants at fine spatial scales, thereby informing about processes control strategies. Sensor networks excel providing temporal resolution locations. Increasingly sophisticated studies leveraging both methods vividly identify patterns that exposures disparities offer mechanistic insight toward effective interventions. summarizes limitations these discusses their implications for understanding fine-scale impacts.

Language: Английский

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Air Pollutant Patterns and Human Health Risk following the East Palestine, Ohio, Train Derailment

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 680 - 685

Published: July 12, 2023

On February 3, 2023, a train carrying numerous hazardous chemicals derailed in East Palestine, OH, spurring temporary evacuation of residents and controlled burn some the cargo. Residents reported health symptoms, including headaches respiratory, skin, eye irritation. Initial data from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) stationary air monitors indicated levels potential concern for toxics based on hazard quotient calculations. To provide complementary data, we conducted mobile quality sampling 20 21 using proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry. Measurements were taken at 1 s intervals along routes designed to sample both close farther derailment. Mobile monitoring that average concentrations benzene, toluene, xylenes, vinyl chloride below minimal risk intermediate chronic exposures, similar EPA data. Levels acrolein high relative those other volatile organic compounds, with spatial analyses showing Palestine up 6 times higher than local rural background. Nontargeted identified additional unique compounds above background levels, displaying spatiotemporal patterns others exhibiting distinct hot spots. These initial findings warrant follow-up characterize longitudinal exposure levels.

Language: Английский

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Mapping Source-Specific Air Pollution Exposures Using Positive Matrix Factorization Applied to Multipollutant Mobile Monitoring in Seattle, WA

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Mobile monitoring strategies are increasingly used to provide fine spatial estimates of multiple air pollutant concentrations. This study demonstrates a novel approach using positive matrix factorization (PMF) applied multipollutant mobile data assess source-specific pollution exposures and estimate associated emission factors. Data were collected from one-year monitoring, with an average 26 repeated measures size-resolved particle number counts (PNC), PM2.5, BC, NO2, CO2 at 309 sites in Seattle 2019 2020. PMF was characterize underlying source-related The sources these six factors included emissions aviation, diesel trucks, gasoline/hybrid vehicles, oil combustion, wood accumulation mode aerosols. Fuel-based for three transportation-related also estimated. reveals that PNC ultrafine particles size <18, 18–42, 42–178 nm dominated by features aircraft, both combustion. Gasoline hybrid vehicles contributed the most NO2 can be extended other metropolitan areas, enhancing exposure assessment epidemiology studies.

Language: Английский

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Ultrafine particle mobile monitoring study designs for epidemiology: Cost and performance comparisons

Environmental Health Perspectives, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 133(3-4)

Published: March 5, 2025

Given the difficulty of collecting air pollution measurements for individuals, researchers use mobile monitoring to develop accurate models that predict long-term average exposure pollution, allowing investigation its association with human health. Although recent studies focused on predictive models' abilities select optimal designs, cost is also an important feature. This study aimed compare costs model performance different designs. We used data ultrafine particle stationary roadside and associated collected by Adult Changes in Thought Air Pollution (ACT-AP) study. By assuming a single-instrument, local monitoring, constant equipment investigator oversight, we incremental staff work days composed mostly sampling drives quality control procedures. The ACT-AP complete design included collection from 309 sites, ∼29 visits per site, during four seasons, every day week. considered alternative designs selecting subsets fewer visits, week, hours day. Then, developed prediction each calculated cross-validation (CV) statistics using all observations design. Finally, compared CV R-squared values numbers those demonstrate this exercise web application. For number were lower (CV R2) worsened, but mild decline above 12 site. less sites when considering at least 100 although reduction was minimal. temporally restricted constrained have same thus cost, restrictions and/or adversely impacted performance. Our provides practical guidance future campaigns ultimate goal assessing health effect pollution. Temporally balanced site are cost-effective option provide relatively good accuracy reduced costs. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15100.

Language: Английский

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Ultrafine particles and late-life cognitive function: Influence of stationary mobile monitoring design on health inferences

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 126222 - 126222

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Implications of spatial and seasonal air pollution patterns, socioeconomic disparities, and 15-minute communities for achieving WHO air quality guidelines

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 21, 2025

Abstract Achieving WHO air pollution guidelines is critical to reduce the health burden of pollution, which disproportionately affects socioeconomically disadvantaged populations and varies by sector, spatial distribution, seasonal trends. This study explores implications sectorial spatial-seasonal patterns, socio-economic disparities, 15-minute communities achieve (2021) quality for PM 2.5 NO 2 . The analyses spatial-temporal patterns in Belgium. Seasonal exposure assessed through summer-to-winter ratios, stratified land cover, urbanisation, proximity roads, linked disparities using LOESS regression. A case evaluates mitigation potential traffic-related leveraging Mobiscore tool explore relationship between accessibility car ownership, a proxy emissions. show marked variations, with higher concentration ratios summer near busy roads urban centres, especially In general pattern more heterogenous compared pattern. Winter significantly hampers meeting targets, although levels remain high around major traffic routes. observed NO₂ highlight significant inequalities, most deprived burdened pollution. results from our case-study mitigate demonstrate that, up 8.0, ownership remains constant increasing availability services public transport. From turning point ownerships starts drop significantly, indicating that improving Mobiscores very scores ( > = 8.0) may lead reduced lower emissions exposure. Our highlights important their implications, emphasizing need season-specific structural interventions meet on mitigating identifies threshold where sufficient transport service reduction ownership. Addressing crucial, as these areas often face greater challenges guidelines, particularly NO₂.

Language: Английский

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Performance and Applicability of Low-Cost PM Sensors to assess Global Pollution Variability through Machine Learning Techniques

Atmospheric Environment X, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100331 - 100331

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Portable Sensors for Dynamic Exposure Assessments in Urban Environments: State of the Science

Sensors, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(17), P. 5653 - 5653

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

This study presents a fit-for-purpose lab and field evaluation of commercially available portable sensor systems for PM, NO2, and/or BC. The main aim the is to identify that are capable reliably quantifying dynamic exposure gradients in urban environments. After an initial literature market resulting 39 systems, 10 were ultimately purchased benchmarked under laboratory real-word conditions. We evaluated comparability reference analyzers, precision, sensitivity towards environmental confounders (temperature, humidity, O3). Moreover, we if accuracy can be improved by applying or calibration. Because targeted application mobile monitoring, conducted test environment evaluate GPS potential impacts from vibrations on signals. Results considered indicate out-of-the-box performance relatively good PM (R2 = 0.68–0.9, Uexp 16–66%, BSU 0.1–0.7 µg/m3) BC 0.82–0.83), but maturity tested NO2 sensors still low 0.38–0.55, 111–614%) additional efforts needed terms signal noise calibration, as proven after multilinear calibration 0.75–0.83, 37–44%)). horizontal built-in was generally good, achieving <10 m all systems. More accurate assessments contemporary environments crucial real-world individuals health endpoints. A greater availability monitoring pollutant will further boost this line research.

Language: Английский

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Simulating the impact of particulate matter exposure on health-related behaviour: A comparative study of stochastic modelling and personal monitoring data

Health & Place, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 83, P. 103111 - 103111

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Epidemiological and exposure studies concerning particulate matter (PM) often rely on data from sparse governmental stations. While low-cost personal monitors have some drawbacks, recent developments shown that they can provide fairly accurate fit-for-purpose data. Comparing a stochastic, i.e., agent-based model (ABM), with environmental, biometric activity data, collected monitors, could insight into how the two approaches assess PM dose. An ABM was constructed, simulating exposure/dose assessment of 100 agents. Their actions were governed by inherent probabilities performing an activity, based population Each associated intensity level, pollution level. The results compared real-world results. Both had comparable results, showing similar trends mean Discrepancies seen in activities highest dose values. A stochastic model, does not capture well specifics local population. Combined, sensors input for calibration, approach help offset low number participants. Implementing function agents influencing others transport choice, increased importance cycling/walking overall estimate. Activists, influence, did play important role at levels. As concentrations rose, higher shares activists (and their influence) caused to increase. Simulating person's different scenarios virtual environment provides researchers policymakers valuable tool.

Language: Английский

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Modelling the microscale spatial distribution of urban air temperature in suburban sprawl

Urban Climate, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58, P. 102136 - 102136

Published: Sept. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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