Eating and swallowing care disparities in persons with dementia: A conceptual framework

Alzheimer s & Dementia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract INTRODUCTION Eating and swallowing difficulties are prevalent distressing among persons living with dementia (PLWD). These challenges may be especially burdensome for PLWD in lower‐resourced settings, where environmental factors such as social support, health‐care infrastructure, food access critical meeting quality standards of eating care. However, clinical practices research methods have not sufficiently focused on the lived environment to promote high‐quality, socially culturally aligned management approaches. METHODS To address this gap, we developed a conceptual framework informed by literature, grounded ecological systems fundamental cause theories, refined through iterative discussion. RESULTS Our highlights individual‐, system‐, community‐level resources influencing person‐centered care PLWD. It identifies areas at risk inequitable along continuum. DISCUSSION We propose future help providers reconcile demands realities Highlights There eating/swallowing disparities dementia. introduce applying structural determinants health also recommend improve

Language: Английский

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Aggression and Justice Involvement: Does Uric Acid Play a Role?

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 268 - 268

Published: March 2, 2025

The search for biological markers that can be reliably linked to aggression and antisocial behavior has been central the work of criminology. One such marker, uric acid, long suspected play a causative role in promoting anger, irritability, aggression, violence. Here, this perspective article, we revisit some historical interest acid as compound relevant brain behavior, reflect these early accounts off emergent scientific research. Advances sciences, including neuropsychiatry neuromicrobiology, have allowed more sophisticated understanding potential mechanistic pathways linking with cognition behavior. updated science suggests ideas surrounding criminology had credibility. available research strongly biomarker risk, is worthy further close scrutiny. Informed by gut–brain–microbiome research, argue certain aspects early-to-mid-20th-century were prematurely abandoned. From legalome perspective, advances other gut–brain biomarkers aid shaping humane, scientifically grounded policies recognize interplay between biology environment.

Language: Английский

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What Is Social Connection in the Context of Human Need: An Interdisciplinary Literature Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. 363 - 363

Published: March 1, 2025

The U.S. Surgeon General made an impactful declaration in the 2023 advisory on America's loneliness and social isolation epidemic that connection, or human relationships, is a need equivalent to water, food, shelter. After witnessing impact of measures during COVID-19 pandemic, there global urgency better understand connection public health responses. However, meaningfully effective interventions for have yet be identified, consensus unclear. To what oxygen, shelter common regarding population health, we conducted interdisciplinary literature review between September 2021 October 2024, seeking find commonalities research advocating as critical survival key concepts across disciplines explain how function needs. We integrated evolution, resource, environment, ecosystem, exposure science, embodiment, homeostasis, allostatic load theory, from 44 core publications develop unified conceptual model definition need. believe holistic understanding within shared context can support researchers variety ground developing evidence-based health.

Language: Английский

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Global research trends on the human exposome: a bibliometric analysis (2005–2024)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 8, 2025

Abstract Exposome represents one of the most pressing issues in environmental science research field. However, a comprehensive summary worldwide human exposome is lacking. We aimed to explore bibliometric characteristics scientific publications on exposome. A analysis from 2005 December 2024 was conducted using Web Science accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Trends/hotspots were investigated keyword frequency, co-occurrence, and thematic map. Sex disparities terms citations examined. From 2024, 931 published 363 journals written by 4529 authors 72 countries. The number tripled during last 5 years. Publications females (51% as first 34% authors) cited fewer times (13,674) than males (22,361). Human studies mainly focused air pollution, metabolomics, chemicals (e.g., per- polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), endocrine-disrupting chemicals, pesticides), early-life exposure, biomarkers, microbiome, omics, cancer, reproductive disorders. Social built environment factors, occupational multi-exposure, digital exposure screen use), climate change, late-life received less attention. Our results uncovered high-impact countries, institutions, journals, references, authors, key trends/hotspots. use technologies sensors, wearables) data artificial intelligence) has blossomed overcome challenges could provide valuable knowledge toward precision prevention. risk scores represent promising avenue.

Language: Английский

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Capturing exposures from childhood to adulthood with exposomics

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 61 - 80

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Abstract In this chapter, we present an overview of the concept exposome, including its definitions and applications within context life course epidemiology. We describe relevance models to interpretation exposome research. provide examples external research such as through assessment ‘urban exposome’ role internal for exposure epidemiology, untargeted metabolomics, mutational signatures, DNA surrogate markers. Finally, some future perspectives on contribution epidemiological conclusion, exposomics promises a deeper understanding environmental influences health offers pathway towards more timely accurate interventions policies that can effectively mitigate risks enhance outcomes across populations.

Language: Английский

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Community-level exposomics: a population-centered approach to address public health concerns

Exposome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Abstract Environmental factors affecting health and vulnerability far outweigh genetics in accounting for disparities status longevity US communities. The concept of the exposome, totality exposure from conception onwards, provides a paradigm researchers to investigate complex role environment on individuals. We propose complementary framework, community-level exposomics, population-level exposome assessment. goal is bring research practice populations, defined by various axes including geographic, social, occupational. This framework includes integration measures built, natural social environments, environmental pollution-derived conventional community science approaches, internal markers that can be measured at early responses associated with tracked using population-based monitoring. Primary challenges implementation proposed include needed advancements measurement, lack existing models capability produce interpretable actionable evidence ethical considerations labeling geographically-bound populations exposomic profiles. To address these challenges, we set recommendations begin greater engagement empowerment affected communities targeted investment community-based solutions. Applications urban settings disaster epidemiology are discussed as examples implementation.

Language: Английский

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Integrating the exposome and one health approach to national health surveillance: an opportunity for Latin American countries in health preventive management

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

The exposome approach, emphasizing lifelong environmental exposures, is a holistic framework exploring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in shaping health outcomes. Complementing this, one approach recognizes interconnectedness of human ecological within shared ecosystem, extending to planetary health, which encompasses entire planet. Integrating Disease Surveillance Systems with exposome, signifies paradigm shift management, fostering comprehensive public framework. This publication advocates for combining traditional surveillance health/planetary proposing three-step approach: analysis, territorial intervention identified issues, an analytical phase assessing interventions. Particularly relevant Latin American countries facing double burden diseases, integrating into proves cost-effective by leveraging existing data measurements. In conclusion, integration approaches presents robust monitoring population especially regions like America complex challenges. innovative enables tailored interventions, disease outbreak predictions, understanding links environment, offering substantial benefits prevention despite

Language: Английский

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An exploratory analysis of the impact of area-level exposome on geographic disparities in aggressive prostate cancer

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 29, 2024

Abstract Numbers of aggressive prostate cancer (aPC) cases are rising, but only a few risk factors have been identified. In this study, we introduce systematic approach to integrate geospatial data into external exposome research using aPC from Pennsylvania. We demonstrate the association between several area-level measures across five Social Determinants Health domains (SDOH) and geographic areas identified as having elevated odds aPC. Residential locations Pennsylvania men diagnosed with 2005 2017 were linked 37 county-/tract-level SDOH exosome measures. Variable reduction processes adopted neighborhood-wide study along Bayesian geoadditive logistic regression used identify that significantly attenuated reduced size areas. Areas higher explained by various measures, though extent depended on location. Some associated race (social context), health insurance (access), or tract-level poverty (economics), while others either county-level water quality combination factors. Area-level can guide future patient-level help design targeted interventions reduce local burden.

Language: Английский

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Adopting a child perspective for exposome research on mental health and cognitive development - Conceptualisation and opportunities.

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 239, P. 117279 - 117279

Published: Sept. 30, 2023

Mental disorders among children and adolescents pose a significant global challenge. The exposome framework covering the totality of internal, social physical exposures over lifetime provides opportunities to better understand causes processes related mental health, cognitive functioning. paper presents conceptual on exposome, development in adolescents, with potential mediating pathways, providing possibility for interventions along life course. underscores significance adopting child perspective acknowledging children's specific vulnerability, including differential exposures, susceptibility effects capacity respond; their during growth, highlighting neurodevelopmental from conception young adulthood that are highly sensitive external exposures. Further, critical periods when may have child's future health addressed. stresses behaviour, physiology, activity pattern place activities make them differently vulnerable environmental pollutants, calls child-specific assessment methods, currently lacking within today's frameworks. importance understanding interplay between structure agency is emphasized, where guided by structures practices vice-versa. An intersectional approach acknowledges as well rural further pointed out. To advance field, interdisciplinary efforts involve multiple scientific disciplines crucial. By incorporating an approach, we can gain comprehensive how impact leading outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Race, community disadvantage, and cognitive decline: Findings from KHANDLE and STAR

Alzheimer s & Dementia, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 904 - 913

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

Abstract INTRODUCTION Community disadvantage is associated with late‐life cognition. Few studies examine its contribution to racial disparities in cognition/cognitive change. METHODS Inverse probability weighted models estimated expected mean differences change attributed residing less advantaged communities, defined as cohort top quintile of Area Deprivation Indices (ADI): childhood 66–100; adulthood ADI 5‐99). Interactions by race tested. RESULTS More Black participants resided communities. Semantic memory would be lower if all had ( b = ‐0.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] ‐0.30, ‐0.03) or ‐0.14, CI ‐0.22, ‐0.04) Race interactions indicated that, among participants, communities were higher verbal episodic (interaction p ‐value 0.007) and semantic 0.002). DISCUSSION Examining levels community advantage cognitive decline a critical step toward unpacking effects on disparities.

Language: Английский

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