The
reuse
of
reclaimed
water
in
agriculture
is
being
fostered
areas
suffering
from
scarcity.
However,
pollutants
can
compromise
food
safety
and
pose
a
risk
for
the
environment.
This
study
aims
to
select
pharmaceutical
compounds
worth
monitoring
investigating
when
used
tomato
lettuce
irrigation.
A
comprehensive
was
conducted
first
identify
pharmaceuticals
frequently
detected
secondary
wastewater
effluent
Catalonia
(NE
Spain).
Priority
were
further
appointed
based
on
their
occurrence
effluents,
persistence
(removal
conventional
treatment),
bioaccumulation
potential,
toxicity
aquatic
organisms
risks
posed
terrestrial
environment
human
health
(through
consumption
crops).
Findings
revealed
that
6
could
living
soil
irrigated
with
up
7
be
potentially
taken
by
crops.
Nonetheless,
no
foreseen.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
912, P. 168894 - 168894
Published: Nov. 28, 2023
Personal
care
products
(PCPs)
are
organic
compounds
that
incorporated
in
several
daily
life
products,
such
as
shampoos,
lotions,
perfumes,
cleaning
air
fresheners,
etc.
Due
to
their
massive
and
continuous
use
because
they
not
routinely
monitored
the
environment,
these
considered
emerging
contaminants.
In
fact,
residues
of
PCPs
being
discharged
into
sewage
system,
reaching
wastewater
treatment
plants
(WWTPs),
where
most
completely
degraded,
partially
released
environment
via
final
effluents
and/or
accumulating
sludges.
Environmental
sustainability
is
nowadays
one
main
pillars
society
application
circular
economy
models,
promoting
waste
valorisation,
increasingly
encouraged.
Therefore,
irrigation
with
reclaimed
or
soil
fertilization
sludge/biosolids
interesting
solutions.
However,
practices
raise
concerns
due
potential
risks
associated
presence
hazardous
compounds,
including
PCPs.
When
applied
agricultural
soils,
present
matrices
can
contaminate
be
taken
up
by
crops.
Crops
therefore
become
a
route
exposure
for
humans
pose
risk
public
health.
extent
which
bioaccumulated
crops
highly
dependent
on
physicochemical
properties
environmental
variables,
plant
species.
This
issue
has
attracted
attention
scientists
recent
years
number
publications
this
topic
rapidly
increased,
but
systematic
review
studies
lacking.
paper
reviews
uptake,
accumulation,
translocation
different
classes
(biocides,
parabens,
synthetic
musks,
phthalates,
UV-filters)
following
sludge
water
under
field
greenhouse
conditions,
also
hydroponic
systems.
The
factors
influencing
uptake
mechanism
were
discussed.
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
87(19), P. 773 - 791
Published: July 3, 2024
The
application
of
biosolids,
manure,
and
slurry
onto
agricultural
soils
the
growing
use
treated
wastewater
in
agriculture
result
introduction
human
veterinary
pharmaceuticals
to
environment.
Once
soil
environment,
may
be
taken
up
by
crops,
resulting
consequent
exposure
pharmaceutical
residues.
potential
side
effects
administered
medicine
are
widely
documented;
however,
far
less
is
known
regarding
risks
that
arise
from
incidental
dietary
exposure.
aim
this
study
was
evaluate
residues
crops
assess
associated
risk
health
for
a
range
frequently
detected
soils.
Estimated
concentrations
carbamazepine,
oxytetracycline,
sulfamethoxazole,
trimethoprim,
tetracycline
were
used
conjunction
with
plant
uptake
crop
consumption
data
estimate
daily
exposures
each
compound.
Exposure
compared
Acceptable
Daily
Intakes
(ADIs)
determine
level
risk.
Generally,
lower
than
ADIs.
exceptions
trimethoprim
sulfamethoxazole
under
conservative,
worst-case
scenarios,
where
predicted.
Future
research
therefore
needs
prioritize
investigation
into
following
these
compounds
contaminated
crops.
Journal of Hazardous Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
466, P. 133538 - 133538
Published: Jan. 21, 2024
The
reuse
of
reclaimed
water
in
agriculture
is
being
fostered
areas
suffering
from
scarcity.
However,
pollutants
can
compromise
food
safety
and
pose
a
risk
for
the
environment.
This
study
aims
to
select
pharmaceutical
compounds
worth
monitoring
investigating
when
used
tomato
lettuce
irrigation.
A
comprehensive
was
first
conducted
identify
pharmaceuticals
frequently
detected
secondary
wastewater
effluents
Catalonia
(Northeast
Spain).
Priority
were
further
selected
based
on
their
occurrence
effluents,
persistence
(removal
conventional
treatment),
bioaccumulation
potential,
toxicity
aquatic
organisms,
risks
they
terrestrial
environment
human
health
(through
consumption
crops).
Out
47
preselected
priority
compounds,
six
could
organisms
living
soil
irrigated
with
seven
be
potentially
taken
up
by
crops.
Nonetheless,
no
foreseen.
Journal of Hazardous Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
493, P. 138297 - 138297
Published: April 18, 2025
The
reuse
of
treated
wastewater
for
irrigation
can
inadvertently
introduce
a
suite
emerging
contaminants
such
as
pharmaceuticals
into
agri-ecosystems.
However,
current
monitoring
efforts
to
characterise
exposure
usually
focus
on
limited
range
analytes.
A
modelling
framework
was
developed
that
employs
sequence
pre-developed
models
predict
accumulative
potential
in
model
crop,
Zea
mays
(corn),
using
chemical
structure
and
excretion
rate
the
only
inputs.
Z.
selected
crop
it
is
major
food
source,
stands
one
highest
cultivated
crops
globally,
characterised
having
medium
uptake
potential.
used
three
regions
characteristic
high
(Australia,
US
Middle
East).
Despite
regional
plant
specific
differences,
72.7
%
calculated
concentrations
were
within
factor
ten
those
reported
literature.
Topiramate,
furosemide,
gemfibrozil
observed
accumulate
greatest
extent
mays,
predicted
ranged
between
50.27
418.01
ng/g
(dw)
top
10.
Acids
predominantly
accumulated
leaves
fruit
whereas
higher
proportion
bases
roots.
To
best
our
knowledge
56.7
30
highest-ranked
have
not
been
previously
documented
existing
literature
or
campaigns.
This
presented
demonstrates
method
assess
risk
posed
by
pharmaceutical
compounds
with
experimental
data.
Agricultural Water Management,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
298, P. 108848 - 108848
Published: May 3, 2024
Wastewater
irrigation
alleviates
freshwater
scarcity.
However,
conventional
(near)surface
techniques
directly
expose
crops
to
contaminants.
Irrigating
wastewater
into
shallow
phreatic
zones
raise
the
water
table
enhances
groundwater
evapotranspiration,
while
using
vadose
zone
as
a
bioreactor
that
attenuates
contaminants
through
dilution,
adsorption,
and
biodegradation.
Nevertheless,
may
spread
across
groundwater,
soil,
vegetation.
In
this
study,
we
focus
on
crop
contamination
risks,
derive
simple
analytical
model
estimate
solute
uptake.
Although
are
not
exposed
irrigated
wastewater,
(and
nutrients)
root
zone.
Results
show
is
primarily
determined
by
balance,
dispersion
biogeochemical
reaction
parameters.
The
contributes
towards
identifying
hydrogeologically
climatically
suitable
locations
for
irrigation,
determining
acceptable
levels
of
quality,
evaluating
hazards
against
fertigative
value
wastewater.
