Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23(3), P. 699 - 737
Published: Aug. 21, 2024
Abstract
Biogas
contains
significant
quantities
of
undesirable
and
toxic
compounds,
such
as
hydrogen
sulfide
(H
2
S),
posing
severe
concerns
when
used
in
energy
production-related
applications.
Therefore,
biogas
needs
to
be
upgraded
by
removing
H
S
increase
their
bioenergy
application
attractiveness
lower
negative
environmental
impacts.
Commercially
available
upgradation
processes
can
expensive
for
small
medium-scale
production
plants,
wastewater
treatment
facilities
via
anaerobic
digestion
process.
In
addition,
an
all-inclusive
review
detailing
a
comparison
biochar
hydrochar
removal
is
currently
unavailable.
the
current
study
aimed
critically
systematically
biochar/hydrochar
from
biogas.
To
achieve
this,
first
part
discussed
technologies
properties
vs.
hydrochar.
exisiting
adsorption
mechanisms,
namely
physical
adsorption,
reactive
chemisorption,
responsible
with
char
materials
were
discussed.
Also,
factors,
including
feedstock
type,
activation
strategies,
reaction
temperature,
moisture
content,
other
process
parameters
that
could
influence
behaviour
are
summarised.
Finally,
synergy
trade-offs
between
sectors
techno-economic
feasibility
using
presented.
Biochar’s
excellent
structural
coupled
alkaline
pH
high
metal
facilitate
physisorption
chemisorption
pathways
removal.
case
hydrochar,
occurs
mainly
which
attributed
well-preserved
surface
functional
groups.
Challenges
commercial
adsorbents
stream
highlighted
perspectives
future
research
provided.
Graphical
abstract
Separations,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12(2), P. 32 - 32
Published: Jan. 27, 2025
Developing
algae
cultivation
for
food,
chemicals,
and
bio-energy
generates
a
significant
amount
of
algal
waste/residue
after
utilization.
Meanwhile,
harmful
blooms
caused
by
abnormal
proliferation
various
produce
large
biomass,
posing
serious
harm
to
human
health,
the
environment
economy.
Converting
body
biochar
is
crucial
method
with
which
take
advantage
this
resource.
Biochar
usually
has
specific
surface
area,
developed
pore
structure,
high
cation
exchange
capacity
rich
functional
groups.
With
stable
physical/chemical
properties
easy
modification
techniques,
posited
as
an
ideal
adsorption
material.
From
perspective
biomass
utilization,
paper
reviews
preparation
methods,
structural
characteristics,
physicochemical
environmental
implications
biochar.
The
effect
mechanisms
on
nutrients,
heavy
metals,
organic
matter
in
water
are
introduced.
In
light
current
research
status,
challenges
faced
practical
application
algae-derived
materials
pointed
out,
direction
also
developed,
view
providing
reference
further
utilization
