Exploring the Potential Impact of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on Substance Use, Compulsive Behavior, and Libido: Insights from Social Media Using a Mixed-Methods Approach

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 617 - 617

Published: June 20, 2024

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is involved in a range of central and peripheral pathways related to appetitive behavior. Hence, this study explored the effects glucagon-like receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) on substance behavioral addictions, including alcohol, caffeine, nicotine, cannabis, psychostimulants, compulsive shopping, sex drive/libido. Data were collected from various social platforms. Keywords GLP-1 RAs substance/behavioral addiction used extract relevant comments. The employed mixed-methods approach analyze online discussions posted December 2019 June 2023 using specialized web application. Reddit entries focus here due limited data other platforms, such as TikTok YouTube. A total 5859 threads comments extracted six subreddits, which included about drugs associated brand names. To obtain posts, keywords potential use behavior selected. Further analysis two main steps: (1) manually coding posts based users’ references impact non-substance habits, excluding irrelevant or unclear comments; (2) performing thematic dataset keywords, AI-assisted techniques followed by manual revision generated themes. Second, was performed keyword-related dataset, In total, 29.75% alcohol-related; 22.22% caffeine-related; 23.08% nicotine-related clearly stated cessation intake these substances following start prescription. Conversely, mixed results found for cannabis intake, only limited, anecdotal made available cocaine, entactogens, dissociative drugs’ misuse. Regarding 21.35% reported shopping interruption, whilst sexual drive/libido elements reportedly increased several users. current appeared be useful tool gaining insight into complex topics addiction-related disorders; some RA-related mental health benefits could also inferred here. Overall, it that may show target both craving maladaptive/addictive behaviors, although further empirical research needed.

Language: Английский

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Association of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists with suicidal ideation and self-injury in individuals with diabetes and obesity: a propensity-weighted, population-based cohort study

Diabetologia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(11), P. 2471 - 2480

Published: Aug. 5, 2024

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Regulators worldwide are reviewing safety data on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), following reports by the Icelandic Medicines Agency in July 2023 of suicidal ideation and self-injury (SIS) individuals taking liraglutide semaglutide. We aimed to assess risk SIS new users GLP-1RA when compared with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) users, prescribed treat type diabetes obesity. Methods This is a cohort study combining several population-wide databases covering Spanish population five million inhabitants, including all adults obesity who initiated treatment either or SGLT-2i for from 2015 2021. To estimate comparative effect SIS, we employed user, active comparator design carried out multivariable Cox regression modelling inverse probability weighting (IPTW) based propensity scores. performed stratified sensitivity analyses. Results included 3040 patients initiating 11,627 SGLT-2i. When treated SGLT-2i, those group were younger (55 vs 60 years old, p <0.001), had more anxiety (49.4% 41.5%, sleep disorders (43.2% 34.1%, <0.001) depression (24.4% 19.0%, obese (35.1% BMI ≥40 15.1%, <0.001). After score weighting, standardised mean differences between groups <0.1 covariates, showing adequate balance at baseline after adjustment. In main per-protocol analyses found no evidence that increased incidence (HR 1.04; 95% CI 0.35, 3.14). Intention-to-treat resulted an HR 1.36 (95% 0.51, 3.61). excluding information using imputation missing values, respective HRs 0.89 0.26, 3.14) 1.29 0.42, 3.92). Stratified showed subgroups. Conclusions/interpretation Our findings do not support obesity; however, rarity events wide uncertainty size (although null, may be compatible as high threefold) calls cautious interpretation our results. Further studies, final evaluations regulatory bodies, called discard causal link suicidality. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Neuropsychiatric adverse events associated with Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a pharmacovigilance analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database

European Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 68(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Background Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are widely used due to their profound efficacy in glycemic control and weight management. Real-world observations have revealed potential neuropsychiatric adverse events (AEs) associated with GLP-1RAs. This study aimed comprehensively investigate characterize these AEs Methods We analyzed GLP-1RA reaction reports using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database. Disproportionality analysis reporting odds ratio (ROR) identified eight categories of conducted descriptive time-to-onset (TTO) analyses explored AE signals among individual GLP-1RAs for loss diabetes mellitus (DM) indications. Results 25,110 cases GLP-1RA-related AEs. showed an association headache (ROR 1.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.65–1.84), migraine 1.28, 95%CI 1.06–1.55), olfactory sensory nerve abnormalities 2.44, 1.83–3.25; ROR 1.69, 1.54–1.85). Semaglutide a moderate suicide-related signal population 2.55, 1.97–3.31). The median TTO was 16 days (interquartile range: 3–66 days). Conclusions In this study, we and, first time, detected positive migraine, abnormalities, abnormalities. also observed semaglutide, population. provides reliable basis further investigation However, as exploratory our findings require confirmation through large-scale prospective studies.

Language: Английский

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Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and risk of suicidality among patients with type 2 diabetes: active comparator, new user cohort study

BMJ, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e080679 - e080679

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Abstract Objective To determine whether the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists is associated with an increased risk suicidal ideation, self-harm, and suicide among patients type 2 diabetes compared dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. Design Active comparator, new user cohort study. Setting Primary care practices contributing data to UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked Hospital Episodes Statistics Admitted Patient Care Office for National Death Registration databases. Participants Patients diabetes. Exposures Two cohorts were assembled, first composed who started continued on GLP-1 DPP-4 between 1 January 2007 31 December 2020 second SGLT-2 2013 2020. Both followed until 29 March 2021. Main outcome measures The primary was suicidality, defined as a composite suicide. Secondary outcomes each these events considered separately. Propensity score fine stratification weighted Cox proportional hazards models fitted estimate hazard ratios 95% confidence intervals (CIs) average treatment effect treated patients. Results included 36 082 agonist users (median follow-up 1.3 years) 234 028 inhibitor 1.7 years). In crude analyses, incidence suicidality (crude rates 3.9 v 1.8 per 1000 person years, respectively; ratio 2.08, CI 1.83 2.36). This decreased null value after confounding factors accounted (hazard 1.02, 0.85 1.23). 32 336 1.2 96 212 Similarly, in analyses 4.3 2.7 years; 1.60, 1.37 1.87) but not (0.91, 0.73 1.12). Similar findings observed when analysed separately both cohorts. Conclusions this large study,

Language: Английский

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GLP-1 agonists and risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviours: Confound by indication once again? A narrative review

European Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 87, P. 29 - 34

Published: July 27, 2024

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists have been successfully used in clinical practice for the treatment of diabetes and obesity, offering significant benefits. However, concerns regarding their potential link to psychiatric side effects, like suicidal thoughts behaviours (STB) emerged. This narrative review investigates complex interplay between GLP-1 STB, focusing on biological stress induced by rapid weight loss, psychological social consequences, similar mechanism with addiction, evaluative lens Bradford Hill criteria causality. While can contribute substantial health improvements, they also introduce stressors. Disruptions homeostasis from quick reduction elevate cortisol norepinephrine levels, heightening risk for, or exacerbation STB. Psychological factors, including unfulfilled expectations identity changes after compound these risks. Utilizing reveals insufficient evidence a direct causal Yet, indirect effects related metabolic disturbances associated loss call cautious approach. Used carefully targeted populations may even emerge as protective agents against Therefore, it is crucial monitor patients during screen preexisting mental conditions. If detected, appropriate management should be applied. Future studies aim at optimizing dosing schedules mitigate adverse further investigate possible STB prevention.

Language: Английский

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Risk of Suicide, Hair Loss, and Aspiration with GLP1-Receptor Agonists and Other Diabetic Agents: A Real-World Pharmacovigilance Study

Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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Research progress of GLP-1RAs in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30-amino acid intestinal insulin-stimulating factor, which mainly secreted by L cells in the distal ileum and colon. It has various physiological functions, such as promoting insulin secretion synthesis, stimulating β-cell proliferation, inducing islet regeneration, inhibiting apoptosis glucagon release, delaying gastric emptying controlling appetite, etc. plays role through specific GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) distributed many organs or tissues participates regulation of glucose homeostasis body. agonists (GLP-1RAs) similar function GLP-1. Because its structural difference from natural GLP-1, it not easy to be degraded dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), thus prolonging action time. GLP-1RAs have been recognized new type hypoglycemic drugs widely used treatment 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Compared with other non-insulin drugs, can only effectively reduce blood glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), but also protect cardiovascular system, nervous system kidney without causing hypoglycemia weight gain. Therefore, good application prospects potential for further development.

Language: Английский

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The Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Measures of Suicidality A Systematic Review

Journal of Psychiatric Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 183, P. 112 - 126

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Reports submitted to the FDA and EMA suggest that Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs) may be associated with an elevated risk of suicidality. To ascertain this association across available pharmacovigilance cohort studies, Pubmed, Medline, Cochrane Library, PsychInfo, Embase, Scopus, Web Science were searched from database inception November 20, 2024 in accordance PRISMA guidelines. A manual search using Google Scholar was also conducted identify additional studies. Cohort studies assessed for quality Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We endeavored define operationalize suicidality as suicide ideation (SI), attempts (SA), completion (SC), cases where study authors failed separate these three dimensions, term "suicidality" applied. 22 meeting inclusion criteria comprised (n = 10) 12) identified. Pharmacovigilance indicate semaglutide liraglutide are disproportionate reporting SI. Results GLP-1 RAs not consistently increase any aspect suicidality; instead, some agents decreased SI SA. There is inadequate information whether causality exists linking Ongoing vigilance further required inform if possibility exists. Practitioners prescribing should vigilant emergence aware higher mental illness persons who would candidates (e.g. Type 2 Diabetes, obesity).

Language: Английский

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Association of GLP‐1 Receptor Agonists With Risk of Suicidal Ideation and Behaviour: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 41(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background and Objective Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) are widely used to treat type 2 diabetes obesity, providing metabolic cardiovascular benefits. However, concerns have emerged about potential neuropsychiatric side effects, including suicidal ideation behaviour, prompting investigations by regulatory bodies such as the FDA EMA. This systematic review meta‐analysis aimed assess association between GLP‐1RA use risk of or behaviour. Methods A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web Science through September 2024, adhering PRISMA guidelines. Observational cohort case‐control studies reporting behaviour adults using GLP‐1RAs were included. The Modified Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale assessed bias, random‐effect models calculated ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity I statistic. Results Of 126 studies, 11 included from multiple countries diverse designs. four showed no statistically significant difference outcomes users other anti‐hyperglycaemic drugs (RR: 0.568, CI: 0.077–4.205). Substantial heterogeneity observed (I = 98%). Pharmacovigilance indicated disproportionate increase suicidality, while some observational suggested a lower risk. Conclusion found link increased high reliance on pharmacovigilance data suggest caution. Clinicians should monitor patients, particularly those psychiatric conditions, further research is needed long‐term safety.

Language: Английский

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Risk of depression and dementia among individuals treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists

Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Purpose of the review To whether sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists decrease risk depression, suicidal ideation cognitive impairment in later life. Recent findings The results studies using information derived from large registries administrative health datasets suggest that GLP-1 (RAs) increase suicidality, although have been inconsistent. One nested-case control study reported SGLT2i decreases depression among adults with diabetes, a small trial empagliflozin provided supportive evidence. Several observational RAs dementia risk, target finding greater benefit associated use compared other medicines commonly used to manage diabetes. Summary RA may effects these on mood not as well explored, but there are concerns about potential increased suicidality users. Prescription bias could explain some associations, so robust evidence is now needed confirm or dismiss findings.

Language: Английский

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