Diabetic
foot
ulcers/chronic
wounds
are
difficult
to
treat
because
of
dysfunctional
macrophage
response
and
decreased
phenotype
transition
from
the
M1
M2
status.
This
causes
severe
inflammation,
less
angiogenesis,
microbial
infections,
small
deformation
in
wound
beds,
affecting
healing
process.
The
commercial
dressing
material
has
limited
efficacy,
poor
mechanical
strength,
extra
pain,
new
granulated
tissue
formed
a
mesh
gauze.
It
is
desired
create
tough,
skin-adhesive,
antifouling,
sustainable
phenotype-enabling,
mechanoresponsive
drug-releasing
hydrogel.
To
resolve
this,
zwitterionic
poly(sulfobetaine
methacrylate)
(SB)
incorporated
with
keratin-exfoliated
MoS
International Journal of Nanomedicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 19, P. 11321 - 11341
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
Background:
Conventional
wound
dressings
often
adhere
to
wounds
and
can
cause
secondary
injury
due
their
lack
of
anti-inflammatory
antibacterial
properties.
In
contrast,
collagen-based
nanoparticles
(NPs)
as
drug
delivery
systems
exhibit
both
biocompatibility
biodegradability,
presenting
a
promising
avenue
for
accelerating
healing
processes.
Aims
Study:
This
review
aims
provide
comprehensive
overview
the
mechanisms
involved
in
healing,
description
attributes
ideal
dressings,
understanding
efficacy
collagen,
exploring
NPs-mediated
therapy,
detailing
synthesis
fabrication
techniques
NPs,
delineating
applications
various
NPs
infused
on
healing.
Methodology:
synthesizes
relevant
literature
from
reputable
databases
such
Scopus,
Science
Direct,
Google
Scholar,
PubMed.
Results:
A
diverse
array
including
nanopolymers,
metal
nanoemulsions,
nanoliposomes,
nanofibers,
demonstrate
pronounced
promoting
closure
tissue
regeneration.
The
incorporation
has
not
only
become
an
agent
therapeutics
but
also
actively
contributes
cascade.
Conclusion:
conclusion,
brief,
use
presents
compelling
strategy
expediting
Keywords:
nanoparticles,
techniques,
collagen
Toxics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(2), P. 136 - 136
Published: Feb. 14, 2025
Branched
polyethyleneimine
(PEI),
possessing
different
types
of
amines-e.g.,
primary,
secondary,
and
tertiary-in
the
polymer
chains
are
well
known
for
their
antibacterial
properties
DNA
condensing
ability,
affording
substantial
advantages
in
many
biomedical
uses,
including
gene
therapy.
However,
because
PEI's
toxicity,
depending
on
molecular
weight,
its
widespread
use
is
hindered.
Therefore,
this
study,
PEIs
with
weights-i.e.,
600,
1200,
1800
g/mol-were
modified
1,3-propane
sultone,
undergoing
a
sulfobetainization
reaction
single
step
to
attain
zwitterionic
structure:
sulfobetainized
PEI
(b-PEI).
The
was
carried
out
twice
increase
repeating
unit
chains.
increasing
number
SO3-
groups
confirmed
by
increased
peak
intensities
around
1160
1035
cm-1
FT-IR
spectrum,
which
assigned
symmetric
asymmetric
S=O
peaks.
elemental
analysis
results
first-
second-
betainization
PEIs,
abbreviated
as
b1-PEI
b2-PEI,
respectively,
were
revealedthe
wt%
S
confirming
successful
multiple-sulfobetainization
Thermal
stability
analyses
corresponding
multiple-sulfobetainized
forms
showed
that
reactions
thermal
bare
lower
weights
exhibited
more
antimicrobial
properties.
As
sulfobetainated,
can
be
further
adjusted
via
(once
or
twice),
adjusting
solution
pH,
protonating
them
acids
counter
anions.
cell
toxicity
L929
fibroblast
cells
slightly
weight
PEI,
but
all
found
safe
(no
toxicity),
even
at
1000
µg/mL
concentrations.
