Short-Wavelength (Violet) Light Protects Mice From Myopia Through Cone Signaling

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 61(2), P. 13 - 13

Published: Feb. 12, 2020

Purpose: Exposure to short-wavelength light influences refractive development and inhibits myopic in many animal models. Retinal mechanisms underlying this response remain unknown. This study used a mouse model of lens-induced myopia evaluate the effect different wavelength on dopamine levels retina. A possible retinal pathway is tested using mutant with dysfunctional cones. Methods: Wild-type C57BL/6J (WT) ALS/LtJ/Gnat2cpfl3 (Gnat2−/−) mice were exposed one three conditions beginning at postnatal day 28: broad-spectrum "white" (420-680 nm), medium "green" (525 ± 40 short "violet" (400 20 nm). One-half received hyperopic lens defocus. All for 4 weeks; animals measured weekly error axial parameters. metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid by HPLC. Results: In WT mice, violet induced hyperopia inhibited when compared white light. Hyperopia could be attributed shallower vitreous chambers animals. There no changes or its metabolite. Gnat2−/− did not induce inhibit myopia. Conclusions: These findings show that slows eye growth, producing responses inhibiting The lack inhibition cones suggests cone signaling plays role (violet)

Language: Английский

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Monochromatic and white light and the regulation of eye growth

Experimental Eye Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 184, P. 172 - 182

Published: April 21, 2019

Experiments employing monochromatic light have been used to investigate the role of longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) as possible signals for emmetropization many years. LCA arising from dispersion light, causes differences in focal length at different wavelengths and can impose defocus (wavelength defocus). Short-wavelength focuses with a shorter than long-wavelength and, such, would be expected produce smaller, more hyperopic eye. Emmetropization respond wavelength since animals reared adjust their refractive state relative that measured white light. In species, predicted by defocus, becoming blue myopic red However, tree shrews rhesus monkey become while initially they later myopic. This review examines experiments performed highlights potential protocols affecting results, including experiment duration, circadian rhythm stimulation, intensity, bandwidth, humoral factors temporal sensitivity.

Language: Английский

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Sleeping late is a risk factor for myopia development amongst school-aged children in China

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Oct. 14, 2020

Myopia, a leading cause of distance vision impairment, is projected to affect half the world's population in 30 years. We analysed relationship between certain demographic, environmental, and behavioural factors myopia from 2-year school-based, prospective trial conducted Shanghai, China. This enrolled 6295 school-aged children at baseline followed them up for 24 months. The abovementioned was examined role sleep childhood development highlighted. Our results suggest that 'sleeping late' risk factor prevalence (odds ratio [OR] = 1.55, p 0.04), incidence 1.44, 0.02) progression over months (p 0.005), after adjusting residency area, age, gender, duration, time spent outdoors. identification consistency with late sleepers being susceptible group both onset suggests complex circadian rhythm, indoor environment, habitual activities progression. These can offer new insights future aetiology studies as well aid decision-making prevention strategies.

Language: Английский

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Short-Term Exposure to Blue Light Shows an Inhibitory Effect on Axial Elongation in Human Eyes Independent of Defocus

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 62(15), P. 22 - 22

Published: Dec. 22, 2021

Purpose: Given the potential role of light and its wavelength on ocular growth, we investigated effect short-term exposure to red, green, blue biometry in presence absence lens-induced defocus humans. Methods: Twenty-five young adults were exposed (460 nm), green (521 red (623 white conditions for 1-hour each 4 separate experimental sessions conducted different days. In condition, hyperopic (3D) was induced right eye with fellow experiencing no defocus. Axial length choroidal thickness measured before immediately after a non-contact biometer. Results: increased from baseline (mean difference ± standard error defocussed non-defocussed = 11.2 2 µm 6.4 2.3 µm, P < 0.001 0.01, respectively) (9.2 3 7.0 2.5 0.001) significant decrease (P 0.05, both light) exposure. Blue resulted reduction axial eyes (−8.0 −6.0 0.11 non-defocused eye) changes thickness. Conclusions: Exposure elongation, inhibition elongation human eyes. Impact such specific children application myopia control need be explored.

Language: Английский

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Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic–Related Lifestyle on Myopia

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 470 - 480

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic–related lifestyle on myopia outcomes in children young adults. Methods: A search was conducted PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials databases (with manual searching reference lists reviews). Studies included assessed changes myopia-related (cycloplegic refraction) during COVID pre-COVID. Of 367 articles identified, 7 (6 prospective cohorts; 1 repeated cross-sectional study) comprising 6327 participants aged 6 17 were included. Quality appraisals performed with Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists. Pooled differences annualized myopic shifts or mean spherical equivalent (SE) pre-COVID obtained from random-effects models. Results: In all studies, SE moved toward direction (vs pre-COVID), where 5 reported significantly faster [difference means changes: −1.20 −0.35 diopters per year, [D/y]; pooled estimate: −0.73 D/y; 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.96, −0.50; P<0.001], 2 more (difference means: −0.72 −0.44 −0.54 CI: −0.80, −0.28; P<0.001). Three studies higher (SE ≤−0.50 D) incidence (2.0- 2.6-fold increase) versus assessing changes, 4 lower time outdoors (pre-COVID vs COVID: 1.1–1.8 0.4–1.0 hours day, [h/d]), 3 screen 0.7–2.8 2.4–6.9 h/d). Conclusions: This suggests pre-COVID) 17. COVID-19 restrictions may have worsened shifts, lifting lessen this effect. Evaluations long-term pandemic onset progression large are warranted confirm these findings.

Language: Английский

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