Enhancing our understanding of optimal nitrogen fertilizer rates for maize: A synthesis of long-term experimentation and crop modeling DOI Open Access
Mitch Baum

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Globally, agricultural systems face the complex challenges of producing enough food, fiber, and fuel to sustain a growing population while mitigating negative environmental consequences intensive management. To that end, optimizing nitrogen (N) fertilizer management has become major focus, as it is commonly most limiting nutrient maximizing cereal crop growth, over-application increases potential for reactive N leach into groundwater be emitted potent greenhouse gas. The goals this dissertation were 1) quantify interannual changes economic optimum rate enhancing our understanding tradeoff between production degradation; 2) improve capacity process-based model simulate yield response rate; 3) rank sensitivity individual environmental, management, genetic factors. meet goals, we used modeling measured grain yields from 14 long-term maize experiments across Iowa Illinois, USA, thereby allowing us temporal trends rates provide systems-level analysis using modeling. Analysis these data revealed have been increasing over time by 2.06 2.80 kg ha-1 yr-1 continuous following soybean rotation reducing below mitigate effects application will more severe on than reductions in losses. Moreover, solution models reproduce penalty identify bias associated with fitting simulated curves leading lower predict relative (RRMSE = 33 19%). Further complicating prediction rate, determined genetics, environment similar contributions annual rate. This serves benchmark guide future research priorities toward inform recommendations, research, policy decisions.

Language: Английский

A global FAOSTAT reference database of cropland nutrient budgets and nutrient use efficiency (1961–2020): nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium DOI Creative Commons
Cameron I. Ludemann,

Nathan Wanner,

Pauline Chivenge

et al.

Earth system science data, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 525 - 541

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Abstract. Nutrient budgets help to identify the excess or insufficient use of fertilizers and other nutrient sources in agriculture. They allow for calculation indicators, such as balance (surplus if positive deficit negative) efficiency, that monitor agricultural productivity sustainability across world. We present a global database country-level budget estimates nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) potassium (K) on cropland. The database, disseminated FAOSTAT, is meant provide reference, synthesizing continuously updating state art this topic. covers 205 countries territories, well regional aggregates, period from 1961 2020. Results highlight wide range efficiencies geographic regions, nutrients, time. average N cropland has remained fairly steady at about 50–55 kg ha−1 yr−1 during past 15 years, despite increasing inputs. Regional trends, however, show recent surpluses low 10 Africa more than 90 Asia. Encouragingly, efficiency decreased 59 % 43 1988, but it risen since then level 55 %. Phosphorus deficits are mainly found Africa, whereas occur Americas. This study introduces improvements over previous work relation key coefficients affecting estimates, especially with respect removal crop products, manure content, atmospheric deposition biological fixation rates. conclude by discussing future research directions highlighting need align statistical definitions groups further refine plant livestock expand all land, including flows meadows pastures. Further information available https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.hx3ffbgkh (Ludemann et al., 2023b) FAOSTAT (https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/ESB; FAO, 2022a) updated annually.

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Harvest index has increased over the last 50 years of maize breeding DOI Creative Commons
Alejo Ruiz,

Slobodan Trifunović,

Douglas Eudy

et al.

Field Crops Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 300, P. 108991 - 108991

Published: June 7, 2023

Quantifying historical changes in maize harvest index (HI), the fraction of above-ground biomass allocated to grain yield, can enhance our ability explain yield trends and estimate stover carbon inputs for sustainability assessments. However, HI genetic gain has not been primary focus previous era studies. The aim this study is knowledge gain. Our first objective quantify Bayer Crop Science Legacy hybrids investigate contribution breeding agronomic management. second develop a general-use model describe temporal evolution HI. We studied 54 commercial (103-day 111-day relative maturities) released from 1983 2020 across 13 environments, including plant density (current increasing rate) N-fertilizer (low sufficient N rates) treatments. was estimated at physiological maturity by destructively sampling plants. Then we synthesize new experimental data with literature findings (n = 16) provide robust estimate. Results showed that increased over years 0.516 0.571 103-day 0.537 0.584 hybrids. gains were similar environments management treatments within range, indicating increase attributed breeding. affected magnitude HI, but did not. results, combined 16 datasets, revealed 0.26% year−1 since 1964. accounts ca. 15% US Corn Belt past 50 years. last years, breeding, will support estimations studies, inform crop models better capture increases.

Language: Английский

Citations

37
Towards the production of net-negative greenhouse gas emission bio-based plastics from 2nd and 3rd generation feedstocks DOI
Elisabeth Van Roijen, Sabbie A. Miller

Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 445, P. 141203 - 141203

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

9
The optimum nitrogen fertilizer rate for maize in the US Midwest is increasing DOI Creative Commons
Mitch Baum, John E. Sawyer, Emerson D. Nafziger

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

Fertilizing maize at an optimum nitrogen rate is imperative to maximize productivity and sustainability. Using a combination of long-term (n = 379) short-term 176) experiments, we show that the economic for US production has increased by 2.7 kg N ha−1 yr−1 from 1991 2021 (1.2% per year) simultaneously with grain yields losses. By accounting societal cost estimates losses, estimate environmental rate, which also over time but lower than rate. Furthermore, provide evidence reducing rates could reduce 6% while slightly We call enhanced assessments predictability meet rising avoiding unnecessary Maize dependent on Nitrogen fertilizer input. Here, authors use experiments demonstrate fertilization have between 2021.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Improved prediction of rice yield at field and county levels by synergistic use of SAR, optical and meteorological data DOI
Weiguo Yu, Gaoxiang Yang, Dong Li

et al.

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 342, P. 109729 - 109729

Published: Oct. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

21
A global reference database in FAOSTAT of cropland nutrient budgets and nutrient use efficiency: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 1961–2020 DOI Creative Commons
Cameron I. Ludemann,

Nathan Wanner,

Pauline Chivenge

et al.

Published: July 17, 2023

Abstract. Nutrient budgets help to identify excess or insufficient use of fertilizers and other nutrient sources in agriculture. They allow calculation indicators such as the balance (surplus deficit) efficiency that monitoring agricultural productivity sustainability across world. We present a global database country-level budget estimates for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) potassium (K) cropland. The database, disseminated FAOSTAT, is meant provide reference, synthesizing continuously updating state-of-the-art on this topic. covers 205 countries territories, well regional aggregates, period 1961 2020. Results highlight wide range efficiencies geographic regions, nutrients, time. For year 2020, data show average N surpluses from about 10 kg ha-1 year-1 Africa more than 90 Asia. Furthermore, they P K deficits 2020 Americas. This study introduces improvements over previous work relation key coefficients affecting estimates, especially removal crop products, manure content, atmospheric deposition biological fixation rates. conclude by discussing future research directions, highlighting need align statistical definitions groups, further refine plant livestock expand all land, including flows meadows pastures.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Maize Breeding for Low Nitrogen Inputs in Agriculture: Mechanisms Underlying the Tolerance to the Abiotic Stress DOI Creative Commons
Talles de Oliveira Santos, Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior, Monique Moreira Moulin

et al.

Stresses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 136 - 152

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Nitrogen (N) is essential for sustaining life on Earth and plays a vital role in plant growth thus agricultural production. The excessive use of N fertilizers not only harms the economy, but also environment. In context environmental impacts caused by agriculture, global maize improvement programs aim to develop cultivars with high N-use efficiency (NUE) reduce fertilizers. Since highly mobile plants, NUE related numerous little-known morphophysiological molecular mechanisms. this review paper we present an overview morpho-physiological adaptations shoot root, mechanisms involved response low nitrogen environment, genetic effects control key traits NUE. Some studies show that growing under deep root architecture, more lateral roots (LR), sparser branching LR, resulting lower metabolic costs. exhibit efficient photosynthesis, which affects suboptimal conditions. sense, obtaining superior genotypes can be achieved exploitation heterosis, as non-additive are important expression associated

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Assessment of trade-off balance of maize stover use for bioenergy and soil erosion mitigation in Western Kenya DOI Creative Commons
Keiji Jindo,

Golaleh Ghaffari,

Manisha Lamichhane

et al.

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Introduction Kakamega Forest, Kenya's last tropical rainforest, faces threats from escalating demands for firewood, charcoal, and agricultural expansion driven by population growth. Sustainable resource management is critical, with maize stover—a common lignocellulosic crop residue—proposed as a source biogas bioslurry production. However, its removal raises concerns about soil fertility erosion control. This study evaluates the trade-off between stover's use energy generation role in mitigation Western Kenya, considering biophysical conditions households' socio-economic status. Methods Socio-economic data were collected 91 households to assess usage. Soil was quantified using Revised Universal Loss Equation (RUSLE). High-resolution remote sensing, self-organizing maps (SOM), Hidden Markov Models (HMM) integrated annual field condition monitoring. A decision-tree machine learning model identified farm characteristics favorable stover Results Larger found consume more per capita, while proximity forests did not significantly influence firewood or charcoal consumption. Maize yields associated land preparation methods (tractor, oxcart, manual plowing; p < 0.001) size ( 0.05). Remote-sensing indicated that distance homesteads fields impacted growth RUSLE analysis revealed strongly influenced landscape features than properties farming practices. Discussion The integration of SOM-HMM microsatellite improved monitoring accuracy, providing valuable insights sustainable practices Kakamega. These findings highlight complex trade-offs utilization production maintaining health, emphasizing need balanced strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Developing a nitrogen application estimation model for diverse wheat fields: A user-friendly approach for smallholder nitrogen fertilizer recommendations DOI
Ziyang Liu,

Yuefan Wang,

Syed Tahir Ata-Ul-Karim

et al.

European Journal of Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 151, P. 126984 - 126984

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Phenological, growth, and yield responses of sweet corn to elevational air temperatures in the humid tropics DOI Open Access

Sigit Sudjatmiko,

Mohammad Chozin

Australian Journal of Crop Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(02):2024, P. 92 - 98

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Temperature plays a determinant role in the rate of plant metabolic activities and, accordingly, dictates plant's phenological stages, growth, and productivity. The objective this study was to evaluate phenological, ear yield behavior ten sweet corn hybrids response elevational temperature changes humid tropics. Seeds were grown three elevations (coastland, midland, highland). Results show that belonged same maturity group with comparable accumulated growing degree days, but they varied green yield, harvest index, heat use efficiency. It also found higher lead longer growth fewer degree-day requirements, resulting increased biomass accumulation for overall vegetative more efficient use. These findings will be useful as guide crop management scheduling, including fertilizers application, pest control, diseases weed maximize at different

Language: Английский

Citations

2