Multi-Omics Pipeline and Omics-Integration Approach to Decipher Plant’s Abiotic Stress Tolerance Responses

Genes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1281 - 1281

Published: June 16, 2023

The present day's ongoing global warming and climate change adversely affect plants through imposing environmental (abiotic) stresses disease pressure. major abiotic factors such as drought, heat, cold, salinity, etc., hamper a plant's innate growth development, resulting in reduced yield quality, with the possibility of undesired traits. In 21st century, advent high-throughput sequencing tools, state-of-the-art biotechnological techniques bioinformatic analyzing pipelines led to easy characterization plant traits for stress response tolerance mechanisms by applying 'omics' toolbox. Panomics pipeline including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, epigenomics, proteogenomics, interactomics, ionomics, phenomics, have become very handy nowadays. This is important produce climate-smart future crops proper understanding molecular responses genes, transcripts, proteins, epigenome, cellular metabolic circuits resultant phenotype. Instead mono-omics, two or more (hence 'multi-omics') integrated-omics approaches can decipher well. Multi-omics-characterized be used potent genetic resources incorporate into breeding program. For practical utility crop improvement, multi-omics particular combined genome-assisted (GAB) being pyramided improved yield, food quality associated agronomic open new era omics-assisted breeding. Thus, together are able processes, biomarkers, targets engineering, regulatory networks precision agriculture solutions crop's variable ensure security under changing circumstances.

Language: Английский

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The Genetics and Breeding of Heat Stress Tolerance in Wheat: Advances and Prospects

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 148 - 148

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Heat stress is one of the major concerns for wheat production worldwide. Morphological parameters such as germination, leaf area, shoot, and root growth are affected by heat stress, with physiological including photosynthesis, respiration, water relation. also leads to generation reactive oxygen species that disrupt membrane systems thylakoids, chloroplasts, plasma membrane. The deactivation photosystems, reduction in inactivation Rubisco affect photo-assimilates their allocation, consequently resulting reduced grain yield quality. development thermo-tolerant varieties most efficient fundamental approach coping global warming. This review provides a comprehensive overview various aspects related tolerance wheat, damages caused mechanisms tolerance, genes or QTLs regulating methodologies breeding cultivars high tolerance. Such insights essential developing potential response an increasingly warmer environment.

Language: Английский

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Heat stress in wheat: a global challenge to feed billions in the current era of the changing climate

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: July 3, 2023

Crop failure is largely caused by various climate hazards, and among them, heat stress the primary factor hindering crop production. The significant global loss of yield primarily due to heat-related damage during reproductive phase. Terminal has been well documented in wheat, causing morphophysiological alterations, biochemical disruptions, reduction genetic potential. formation shoots roots, effect on double ridge stage, early biomass vegetative stage are also impacted stress. final negative outcomes include reduced grain number weight, slower filling rate, quality, shorter duration. Plants have developed mechanisms adapt through modifications their morphological or growth responses, physiological pathways, changes enzyme reactions. Numerous tolerance genes identified but more extensive study needed increase crops satisfy food demands world’s growing population. policy needs prioritize promote additional joint research development heat-tolerant wheat breeding ensure security.

Language: Английский

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Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines in Association with Phenotypic and Grain Qualitative Traits Using SSR Genotyping

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 823 - 823

Published: March 13, 2024

Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal and affected by climate change. Therefore, the production of climate-smart maize urgently needed preserving diverse genetic backgrounds through exploration their diversity. To achieve this, 96 inbred lines were used to screen for phenotypic yield-associated traits grain quality parameters. These studied across two different environments (Anand Godhra) polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers employed investigate diversity, population structure, trait-linked association. Genotype–environment interaction (GEI) reveals that most governed genotype itself environments, except plant ear height, which largely interact with environment. The genotypic correlation was found be positive significant among protein, lysine tryptophan content. Similarly, yield-attributing like girth, kernel rows ear−1, kernels row−1 number ear−1 strongly correlated each other. Pair-wise distance ranged from 0.0983 (1820194/T1 1820192/4-20) 0.7377 (IGI-1101 1820168/T1). SSRs can discriminate into three distinct groups shortlisted genotypes 1820168/T1) as highly lines. Out 136 SSRs, 61 amplify a total 131 alleles (2–3 per loci) 0.46 average gene Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) 0.24 (umc1578) 0.58 (umc2252). structure analysis revealed 19.79% admixture genotypes. Genome-wide scanning mixed linear model identifies stable association umc2038, umc2050 umc2296 umc2252 tryptophan, umc1535 umc1303 soluble sugar. obtained utilized in future breeding programs relation other trait characterizations, developments, subsequent molecular performances introgression elite

Language: Английский

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Identification of candidate regulators of the response to early heat stress in climate-adapted wheat landraces via transcriptomic and co-expression network analyses

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Climate change is likely to lead not only increased global temperatures but also a more variable climate where unseasonal periods of heat stress are prevalent. This has been evidenced by the observation spring-time approaching 40°C in some main spring-wheat producing countries, such as USA, recent years. With an optimum growth temperature around 20°C, wheat particularly prone damage stress. A warming with increasingly common fluctuations therefore threatens crops and subsequently lives livelihoods billions people who depend on crop for food. To futureproof against climate, better understanding response early required. Here, we utilised DESeq2 identify 7,827 genes which were differentially expressed landraces after exposure. Candidate hub genes, may regulate transcriptional stress, identified via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), validated qRT-PCR. Two most promising candidate (TraesCS3B02G409300 TraesCS1B02G384900) downregulate expression involved drought, salinity, cold responses-genes unlikely be required under stress-as well photosynthesis hormone signalling repressors, respectively. We suggest role poorly characterised sHSP (TraesCS4D02G212300), activator response, potentially inducing vast suite shock proteins transcription factors known play key roles response. The present work represents exploratory examination heat-induced landrace seedlings identifies several act regulators this and, thus, targets breeders production thermotolerant varieties.

Language: Английский

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Response of winter wheat genotypes to salinity stress under controlled environments

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 24, 2024

This study was conducted in controlled environmental conditions to systematically evaluate multi-traits responses of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes different salinity levels. Responses were assessed at the germination early seedling stage (Experiment 1). Seeds (n=292) subjected three levels (0 [control], 60, and 120 mM NaCl). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that among studied traits vigor index (SVI) contributed more towards diverse response stress. Based on SVI, eight contrasting assumed be tolerant (Gage, Guymon, MTS0531, Tascosa) susceptible (CO04W320, Carson, TX04M410211) selected for further physio-biochemical evaluation booting 2) monitor grain yield. Higher level (120 NaCl) exposure increased thylakoid membrane damage, lipid peroxidation, sugars, proline, protein while decreasing photosynthesis, chlorophyll index, starch, yield, magnitude genotypic shown Experiment 1 not analogous 2. indicates necessity individual screening sensitive growth stages identifying true salinity-tolerant a particular stage. However, based higher yield its least percentage reduction under salinity, Guymon TX04M410211 identified as tolerant, Gage CO04W320 stage, their biparental population can used identify genomic regions stage-specific response.

Language: Английский

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Plant development and heat stress: role of exogenous nutrients and phytohormones in thermotolerance

Discover Plants., Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(1)

Published: Sept. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Combining nitrogen fertilization and biostimulant application in durum wheat: effects on morphophysiological traits, grain production, and quality.

Italian Journal of Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100027 - 100027

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Genetic diversity analysis for morpho-physiological traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Vegetos, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Wheat Yield and Quality Through Late-Season Foliar Nitrogen Application: A Global Meta-Analysis

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 1058 - 1058

Published: April 27, 2025

Late-season foliar nitrogen (N) application is widely employed to improve wheat grain yield and protein concentration, particularly during later growth stages when root activity declines N uptake becomes less efficient. However, the reported effects of on quality remain inconsistent. This meta-analysis, based 51 field trials encompassing 1498 observations, quantitatively evaluates impact late-season concentration. The results demonstrate that significantly enhances both (+4.1%) concentration (+5.9%) compared control treatments. Notably, split primarily increased (+6.3%), whereas supplementation enhanced (+3.4%) (+6.0%). Subgroup analyses reveal effectiveness influenced by management practices. Split at rates 101–200 kg N/ha, was beneficial only higher (≥200 N/ha). Moreover, timing played a crucial role: anthesis resulted in greatest increases (+5.3%) (+5.8%), while applications booting or post-anthesis with minimal effects. Additionally, mitigated conventional negative correlation between applied as strategy, allowing for improved without reducing potential. study highlights importance optimizing timing, method, rate maximize improving use efficiency.

Language: Английский

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