First Report of Bacteria Associated With Bleeding Cankers on Oak Trees in Serbia

Forest Pathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 55(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to confirm the presence bacteria that are partly responsible for oak dieback phenomenon, known as Acute Oak Decline, in Serbia. Seventeen symptomatic trees (both Quercus robur and cerris ) were sampled April 2024 analysed using multiplex real‐time PCR. Brenneria goodwinii detected one tree from Morović, whereas Gibbsiella quercinecans found two Morović Progar. This is first report these Serbia, despite bioclimatic models predicting a low likelihood their Balkans. Our results indicate areas where they have not yet been reported, highlighting need increased research awareness bacterial diseases forest trees.

Language: Английский

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Relationships between nitrogen cycling microbial community abundance and composition reveal the indirect effect of soil pH on oak decline

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 623 - 635

Published: Oct. 16, 2020

Abstract Tree decline is a global concern and the primary cause often unknown. Complex interactions between fluctuations in nitrogen (N) acidifying compounds have been proposed as factors causing nutrient imbalances decreasing stress tolerance of oak trees. Microorganisms are crucial regulating soil N available to plants, yet little known about relationships N-cycling tree health. Here, we combined high-throughput sequencing qPCR analysis key nitrification denitrification genes with chemical analyses characterise ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB), archaea (AOA) denitrifying communities soils associated symptomatic (declining) asymptomatic (apparently healthy) trees (Quercus robur Q. petraea) United Kingdom. Asymptomatic were higher abundance AOB that driven positively by pH. No relationship was found AOA However, lower concentrations NH4+, further supporting idea favouring NH4+ concentrations. Denitrifier influenced primarily C:N ratio, correlations regardless These findings indicate amelioration acidification balancing may affect driving transformations, reducing on declining

Language: Английский

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Global challenges facing plant pathology: multidisciplinary approaches to meet the food security and environmental challenges in the mid-twenty-first century

CABI Agriculture and Bioscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: May 26, 2021

Abstract The discipline of plant pathology has an expanding remit requiring a multi-faceted, interdisciplinary approach to capture the complexity interactions for any given disease, disease complex or syndrome. This review discussed recent developments in research and identifies some key issues that, we anticipate, must be faced meet food security environmental challenges that will arise over coming decades. In meeting these issues, challenge turn is community respond by contributing wider forum multidisciplinary research, recognising impact depend not just on advances alone, but more broadly with other agricultural ecological sciences, needs national global policies regulation. A readily met once pathologists again gather physically at international meetings return professional social encounters are fertile grounds developing new ideas forging collaborative approaches both within disciplines. this emphasise, particular: links between disciplines; management, including precision agriculture, growth development, decision analysis risk; development use novel protection chemicals; ways exploiting host genetic diversity resistance deployment; perspective biological control microbial interactions; surveillance detection technologies; invasion exotic re-emerging pathogens; consequences climate change affecting all aspects environment, their interactions. We draw conclusions each areas, reaching forward next few decades, inevitably lead further questions rather than solutions anticipate.

Language: Английский

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Collapsing foundations: The ecology of the British oak, implications of its decline and mitigation options

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 233, P. 316 - 327

Published: April 15, 2019

Language: Английский

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Oak declines: Reviewing the evidence for causes, management implications and research gaps

Ecological Solutions and Evidence, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(4)

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Abstract Oak decline is a complex disorder caused by multiple stressors. Although declines have been observed across Europe since 1700, there still lot of uncertainty around the cause, and therefore appropriate management techniques. Using literature from European oak ecosystems, this review perspective discusses key stressors associated with in Quercus robur L. Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl. newly described acute breaking out United Kingdom (and beyond), view to identifying important evidence gaps implications. The factors implicated include drought, pests pathogens. These can interact positive feedback loops increase stress within oaks. Extreme frost, waterlogging, soil properties, land management, nitrogen pollution, heavy metal genetic predisposition mycorrhizal changes could also be involved decline, but more research required understand these. In necrotic lesions are bacterial up three species, it has that presence wood borer Agrilus biguttatus Fabricius 1776 amplify symptoms. Practical implication: amount each stressor contributes towards these ‘tipping points’ largely unknown likely differ between events, sites even individual trees. This makes advice provision exceedingly difficult. Historic records show oaks recover; therefore, allowing trees time space recover should priority for practitioners. Future recommendations effective declining discussed.

Language: Английский

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Host–microbiota–insect interactions drive emergent virulence in a complex tree disease

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 287(1933)

Published: Aug. 19, 2020

Forest declines caused by climate disturbance, insect pests and microbial pathogens threaten the global landscape, tree diseases are increasingly attributed to emergent properties of complex ecological interactions between host, microbiota insects. To address this hypothesis, we combined reductionist approaches (single polyspecies bacterial cultures) with emergentist (bacterial inoculations in an oak infection model addition larvae) unravel gene expression landscape symptom severity host–microbiota–insect acute decline (AOD) pathosystem. AOD is a disease characterized predisposing abiotic factors, inner bark lesions driven pathobiome, larval galleries bark-boring beetle Agrilus biguttatus . We identified key pathogenicity genes Brenneria goodwinii , dominant member tissue-specific profiles, cooperation other pathobiome members sugar catabolism, demonstrated amplification pathogenic presence larvae. This study highlights host–pathobiota–insect that underlie pathology forest biomes.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Research on Stress Responses in Quercus spp.: From Classical Biochemistry to Systems Biology through Omics Analysis

Forests, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 364 - 364

Published: March 19, 2021

The genus Quercus (oak), family Fagaceae, comprises around 500 species, being one of the most important and dominant woody angiosperms in Northern Hemisphere. Nowadays, it is threatened by environmental cues, which are either biotic or abiotic origin. This causes tree decline, dieback, deforestation, can worsen a climate change scenario. In 21st century, biotechnology should take pivotal role facing this problem proposing sustainable management conservation strategies for forests. As non-domesticated, long-lived only plausible approach breeding exploiting natural diversity present species selection elite, more resilient genotypes, based on molecular markers. direction, to investigate mechanisms tolerance resistance stresses, identification genes, gene products, metabolites related phenotype. research performed using classical biochemistry recent omics (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) approaches, be integrated with other physiological morphological techniques Systems Biology direction. review focused current state-of-the-art such approaches describing integrating latest knowledge stress responses spp., special reference ilex, system authors have been working last 15 years. While factors mainly include fungi insects as Phytophthora cinnamomi, Cerambyx welensii, Operophtera brumata, salinity, drought, waterlogging, soil pollutants, cold, heat, carbon dioxide, ozone, ultraviolet radiation. structured following Central Dogma Molecular omic cascade, from DNA DNA-based markers) (metabolomics), through mRNA (transcriptomics) proteins (proteomics). An view different challenges, future directions critically discussed.

Language: Английский

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Temperate Oak Declines: Biotic and abiotic predisposition drivers

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 239 - 263

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Similarities and Differences Among Factors Affecting Complex Declines of Quercus spp., Olea europea, and Actinidia chinensis

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 325 - 325

Published: March 16, 2025

The decline of perennial plant species, including oak, olive, and kiwifruit, is a phenomenon currently observed in many areas the world. In this review, such species are chosen precisely because, despite differences their botany, native distribution, current utilization, they all affected by significant global or local declines. An analysis main common causes involved could be useful for better understanding phenomenon. Quercus impacted “Chronic Oak Decline” (COD), “Sudden (SOD), “Acute (AOD). Italy, olive groves severely damaged “Olive Quick Decline Syndrome”, whereas kiwifruit orchards struck “Kiwifruit Vine Syndrome” (KVDS). Among abiotic inciting stressors, drought, warmer temperatures, waterlogging, within climate change scenario, declines described herein as well dysbiosis. involvement some aggressive phytopathogens another feature these Oomycetes contribute to COD, SOD, KVDS; Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca Botryosphaeriaceae affect enterobacteria AOD, representing decisive contributing factors. These quite complex, comprehensive approach required dissect facets involved. A altered host–microbial community relationships can lead more tailored managing Maintaining tree resilience Earth remains primary goal achieve preserving both natural ecosystems profitable crops.

Language: Английский

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Associations Between Local-Scale Soil and Tree Context Factors and Acute Oak Decline (AOD): Plant-Soil Feedbacks and the Cause-Effect Conundrum

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 18, 2025

Background and aims: Acute oak decline (AOD), a syndrome affecting mature oaks, involves bacterial pathogens which likely act as opportunists under host stress. Trees displaying symptoms (bleeding cankers) appear in localized clusters, not whole stands. This study investigates the potential involvement of local-scale factors, interaction with large-scale environmental drivers, influencing onset progression AOD. Methods: AOD-symptomatic (n=30) asymptomatic trees across three UK woodlands were assessed for tree characteristics, their surrounding context, soil properties. Results: Tree health status was linked to significant differences properties sites. Symptomatic exhibited greater loss crown density, lower local stand (0-20 m) basal area shallower depth gleying. Significant included concentrations Olsen P, total N, exchangeable Mg symptomatic trees, alongside higher Fe, especially at 40–50 cm depth. Depth gleying Fe identified most influential predictors Conclusions: AOD may experience seasonal water saturation closer surface compared resulting proportion roots being exposed an anoxic, iron-reducing environment. is first report such association between depth, saturation, symptom It unclear whether balance associated nutrient variations are predisposing factors or consequences declining health, though contribute A feedback loop conceptualised where worsens conditions, creating negative cycle that accelerates decline.

Language: Английский

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