Sectoral policies cause incoherence in forest management and ecosystem service provisioning

Forest Policy and Economics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 136, P. 102689 - 102689

Published: Jan. 14, 2022

Various national policies guide forest use, but often with competing policy objectives leading to divergent management paradigms. Incoherent may negatively impact the sustainable provision of ecosystem services (FES), and multifunctionality. There is uncertainty among policymakers about impacts on real world. We translated documents Finland into scenarios including quantitative demands for FES, representing: strategy (NFS), biodiversity (BDS), bioeconomy (BES). simulated a Finland-wide systematic sample stands alternative regimes climate change. Finally, we used multi-objective optimization identify combination matching best each scenario analysed their long-term effects FES. The NFS proved be most multifunctional, targeting highest number while BES had lowest FES targets. However, was strongly oriented towards value chain wood bioenergy dominating economic growth target, which caused strong within-policy conflicts hindered reaching BDS were instead more consistent showed either sustainability gaps in terms providing timber resources (BDS) or no improvements All resulted programs dominated by continuous cover forestry, set-aside areas, intensive zones, proportions depending focus. Our results highlight first time sectoral requirements outcomes provide leverage points increase coherence future improve implementation multiple uses forests.

Language: Английский

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Reviewing peatland forestry: Implications and mitigation measures for freshwater ecosystem browning

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 531, P. 120776 - 120776

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Freshwaters of the boreal and temperate regions have experienced increased browning during last decades. Browning, or brownification, is mostly driven by organic carbon (OC) iron concentrations. It can cause detrimental changes in aquatic ecosystems through effects on chemistry, physics ecology. Additionally, impact greenhouse gas emissions, increase costs drinking water treatment weaken recreational value bodies. All these impacts call for means to mitigate excess export humic matter ecosystems. Browning has often been associated with decreased atmospheric sulphur deposition climate change-induced alterations temperature, vegetation hydrological regime catchments. Lately, it attributed land use, especially drainage peatlands forestry purposes afforestation. In this review, we evaluate peatland operations OC leaching assess possible mitigation measures. We reveal that traditional, even-aged forest management clear felling, site preparation ditch cleaning creates hot spots moments carbon-rich runoff due fluctuations hydrology, peat decomposition exposure. Simultaneously, most current protection measures are either ineffective ambiguous retaining OC, a dissolved form. Hence, practices prevent future reduce connectivity essential negative quality impacts. conclude systemic change would be needed formation loading leaching. More research needed, but seems transition towards more natural diverse abundantly applied continuous cover forestry, mixed improved catchment retention restoration could result fewer undesirable Protecting biodiversity counteracting requires integration updated into policies guidelines, as green shift bioeconomy will create an increasing demand sustainable use forests.

Language: Английский

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Climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies for production forests: Trade-offs, synergies, and uncertainties in biodiversity and ecosystem services delivery in Northern Europe

AMBIO, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 53(1), P. 1 - 16

Published: Aug. 17, 2023

Climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies (CCAMS) are changes to the management of production forests motivated by need mitigate climate change, or adapt risks. Sweden is employing CCAMS with unclear implications for biodiversity forest ecosystem services (ES). Here, we synthesized evidence from 51 published scientific reviews, evaluate potential a range provisioning, regulating, cultural ES, adoption relative standard forestry practice. The assessed were (i) mixed-species stands, (ii) continuous cover forestry, (iii) altered rotation lengths, (iv) conversion introduced tree species, (v) logging residue extraction, (vi) stand fertilization, (vii) ditching/draining practices. We highlight complexity ES outcomes, identify knowledge gaps, emphasize importance evidence-based decision making landscape-scale planning when navigating choices involving widespread CCAMS.

Language: Английский

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Potential impacts of a future Nordic bioeconomy on surface water quality

AMBIO, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 49(11), P. 1722 - 1735

Published: Sept. 12, 2020

Abstract Nordic water bodies face multiple stressors due to human activities, generating diffuse loading and climate change. The ‘green shift’ towards a bio-based economy poses new demands increased pressure on the environment. Bioeconomy-related pressures consist primarily of more intensive land management maximise production biomass. These activities can add considerable nutrient sediment loads receiving waters, posing threat ecosystem services good ecological status surface waters. potential threats change highlight need for improved understanding catchment-scale element fluxes. Here, we assess possible bioeconomy-induced catchments associated impacts quality. We suggest measures protect quality under propose ‘road maps’ sustainable catchment management. also identify knowledge gaps importance long-term monitoring data models evaluate changes in quality, improve bioeconomy-related impacts, support mitigation maintain services.

Language: Английский

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Effects of tidal influence on the structure and function of prokaryotic communities in the sediments of a pristine Brazilian mangrove

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(7), P. 2259 - 2273

Published: April 6, 2021

Abstract. Mangrove forests are ecosystems that constitute a large portion of the world's coastline and span tidal zones below, between, above waterline, ecosystem as whole is defined by health these microhabitats. However, we only beginning to understand tidal-zone microbial biodiversity role microbiomes in nutrient cycling. While extensive research has characterized pristine vs. anthropogenically impacted mangroves, have, largely, overlooked differences microhabitats (sublittoral, intertidal, supralittoral). Unfortunately, small number studies have sought characterize mangrove occurred biomes, making interpretation results difficult. Here, prokaryotic populations their involvement cycling across within Brazilian Environmental Protection Area Atlantic Forest. We hypothesized mangroves distinct microhabitats, which regions present spatial variations water regime other environmental factors, such, composed different communities with functional profiles. Samples were collected triplicate from waterline. Using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing, found significantly diverse nutrient-cycling functions, well specific taxa varying contributions abundances between zones. Where previous intertidal zone high diversity be functionally enriched nitrogen cycling, find lowest no enrichment, relative The main bacterial phyla all samples Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi while archaeal Crenarchaeota Thaumarchaeota. Our differ slightly where Proteobacteria sediments Firmicutes makes up percentage communities. Salinity organic matter most relevant factors influencing Bacillaceae was abundant family at each showed potential drive proportion carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur. findings suggest some aspects zonation may compromised human activity, especially zone.

Language: Английский

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Integration of Airborne Laser Scanning data into forest ecosystem management in Canada: Current status and future directions

The Forestry Chronicle, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 100(2), P. 240 - 260

Published: May 10, 2024

Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) has been the subject of decades applied research and development in forest management. ALS data are spatially explicit, capable accurately characterizing vegetation structure underlying terrain, can be used to produce value-added products for terrestrial carbon assessments, hydrology, biodiversity among others. Scientific support is robust, however its adoption within environmental decision-making frameworks remains inconsistent. Cost continues a principal barrier limiting adoption, especially remote, forested regions, added challenges such as need technical expertise, unfamiliarity capabilities limitations, management requirements, processing logistics also contribute. This review examines current status integration into ecosystem Canadian context. We advocate continued inter-agency acquisitions leading existing natural resource decision pathways. gauge level uptake thus far, discuss barriers operational implementation at provincial scales, highlight how we believe multiple objectives Canada. speak potential benefits supporting terrain generation, mapping, silvicultural planning, health evaluations, riparian characterizations. conclude by providing key considerations developing capacity using technologies future context objectives.

Language: Английский

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Invasion of temperate deciduous broadleaf forests by N‐fixing tree species – consequences for stream ecosystems

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 96(3), P. 877 - 902

Published: Jan. 10, 2021

ABSTRACT Biological invasions are a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Forest invasion by alien woody species can have cross‐ecosystem effects. This is especially relevant in the case of stream–riparian forest meta‐ecosystems as streams depend strongly on riparian vegetation for carbon, nutrients energy. with dissimilar characteristics from native may be particularly troublesome. The temperate deciduous broadleaf forests low representation nitrogen (N)‐fixing N‐fixers has potential induce changes at stream level. Although effects tree ecosystems been under assessed, knowledge invasive allows prediction streams. Here we present conceptual model predict N‐fixing streams, using background leguminous Acacia species, which among most aggressive invaders worldwide. Effects discussed trait‐based approach allow applied other pairs invaded ecosystem–invasive taking into account differences traits environmental conditions. Anticipated include water quality (increase N concentration) quantity (decrease flow) litter input (altered diversity, seasonality, typology, quality). magnitude these will traits, extent duration (e.g. basal nutrient concentration). extensive literature enrichment water, scarcity aquatic communities processes structure function. may, however, interactions different pathways mediated increases concentration contrast those decreases availability or nutritional A review addressing increasing cover suggests wide application model, while it highlights need consider type system when making generalizations. Changes induced jeopardize multiple services good hydroelectricity, leisure activities), social economic consequences.

Language: Английский

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Riparian forests buffer the negative effects of cropland on macroinvertebrate diversity in lowland Amazonian streams

Hydrobiologia, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 848(15), P. 3503 - 3520

Published: May 6, 2021

Language: Английский

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Moving towards multi-layered, mixed-species forests in riparian buffers will enhance their long-term function in boreal landscapes

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 493, P. 119254 - 119254

Published: April 28, 2021

Riparian buffers are the primary tool in forest management for protecting habitat structure and function of streams. They help protect against biogeochemical perturbation, filter sediments nutrients, prevent erosion, contribute food to aquatic organisms, regulate light hence water temperature, deadwood, preserve biodiversity. However, production forests Sweden Finland, many headwater streams have been straightened, ditched, and/or channelized, resulting altered hydrology reduced natural disturbance by floods, which turn affects important riparian functions. Furthermore, even-aged systems as practiced much Fennoscandia, understory trees usually cleared right up stream's edge during thinning operations, especially around small, Fire suppression has further favored succession towards shade tolerant species. In regions within Fennoscandia that experienced this combination intensive lack disturbance, zones now dominated single-storied, native Norway spruce. When adjacent is cut, thin (5 - 15m) conifer-dominated typically left. These do not provide protection subsidies, terms leaf litter quality, needed maintain quality or support Based on a literature review, we found compelling evidence ecological benefits multi-layered, mixed-species with large component broadleaved species higher than what commonly managed stands Fennoscandia. To improve functionality zones, landscapes, present some basic principles could be used enhance these interfaces. actions should prioritized streamside affected simplification either through hydrological modification. Key planning managing buffer early possible rotation ensure improved throughout cycle only at final felling. This well line EU national legislation can interpreted requiring landscape all ages meet biodiversity other environmental goals. it still rare conservation done felling stage. Implementing new strategy likely long-term positive effects surface waters from negative forestry history fire suppression. By following suggested principles, there will longer time period high greater future flexibility addition provided leaving

Language: Английский

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Pressures on Boreal Riparian Vegetation: A Literature Review

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 31, 2022

Riparian zones are species-rich and functionally important ecotones that sustain physical, chemical ecological balance of ecosystems. While scientific, governmental public attention for riparian has increased over the past decades, knowledge on effects majority anthropogenic disturbances is still lacking. Given increasing expansion intensity these disturbances, need to understand simultaneously occurring pressures grows. We have conducted a literature review potential boreal main processes shape their vegetation composition. visualised observed consequences flow regulation hydropower generation, through channelisation, climate crisis, forestry, land use change non-native species in conceptual model. The model shows how different aspects regime plant habitats, we describe changes affect extent zone dispersal, germination, growth competition plants. Main studied decrease poorer state area remains. This already results loss functionality, thus also threatens aquatic systems organisms depend them. found impact pressure does not linearly reflect its degree ubiquity scale which it operates. Hydropower crisis stand out as major threats will continue be so if no appropriate measures taken. Other pressures, such forestry types uses, can severe but more local regional consequences. Many interact with each other limit or, often, amplify other’s effects. However, there very few studies and, thus, potentially interacting pressures. our where they may interact, interactions remains largely unknown.

Language: Английский

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