Medium-Term Effect of Livestock Grazing Intensities on the Vegetation Dynamics in Alpine Meadow Ecosystems

Land, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 591 - 591

Published: March 12, 2025

The dynamics and plant composition of toxic weeds in alpine meadows are strongly influenced by management practices such as livestock grazing. Here, the effect grazing on vegetation soil characteristics within an meadow ecosystem was assessed over a 5-year period. experimental treatments comprised no (control), light (5 sheep/ha), moderate (10 heavy (15 sheep/ha). both edible grass weeds, along with soil’s physicochemical biological properties, were evaluated. Under grazing, biomass increased 15.0%, while species decreased 57.0% compared to control. findings indicated that after 5 years, changed significantly, Taraxacum mongolicum Tibetia himalaica decreasing disappearing under treatments. Conversely, like Stellera chamaejasme Euphorbia micractina emerged or Additionally, richness from 6.3 control 14.2 Regarding levels glucosidase, amylase, cellulose 39.0%, 53.0%, 40.0%, respectively. amount available potassium initially then results demonstrated quality cover properties directly depend land management. Overall, kept better chemical state palatable plants at desirable level, which also controlled abundance weeds. Enhancing nutrient conditions, adding nitrate fertilizers, can be effective restoring grasslands have been severely degraded

Language: Английский

New Mutualisms at New Ecosystems: Seed Dispersal Assessment of Invasive Shrubs by Native and Non‐Native Mammals

Austral Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 50(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Biological invasions are a significant driver of global biodiversity decline in the Anthropocene. The success plant often depends on mutualistic relationships, such as animal‐mediated seed dispersal. While role birds dispersing invasive plants is well documented, involvement mammals new ecosystems remains largely unclear. In mountains Central Argentina, Pyracantha species among most prominent plants, and their dispersal by has been extensively studied. this study, we assessed within novel assemblage (comprising native, invasive, domestic species) process angustifolia P. crenulata shrubs. Specifically, identified which mammal legitimate dispersers, evaluated impact germination, determined where they deposit seeds using combination observational experimental approaches. Through camera traps faecal analyses, following consuming fruits: (1) species: cattle horses; (2) native grey fox, common hog‐nosed skunk, collared peccary; (3) European hare, wild boar, deer (red or spotted deer). We included two additional (i.e., peccaries brown brocket deers) to perform germination trials due presumably frugivorous behaviour. experiment revealed that ingestion captive horses, foxes, peccaries, deer, red exotic enhanced germination. Principal Component Analysis indicated no specific association between deposition sites, suggesting non‐directed This research highlights emergence mutualisms anthropogenic systems may influence community structure through promotion invasions. Understanding these crucial for predicting rearrangements improving management actions against

Language: Английский

Reconstructing the biological invasion of noxious invasive weed Parthenium hysterophorus and invasion risk assessment in China

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

Invasive alien plants (IAPs) present a severe threat to native ecosystems and biodiversity. Comprehending the potential distribution patterns of these plant invaders their responses climate change is essential. Parthenium hysterophorus , Americas, has become an aggressively invasive species since its introduction China in 1930s. This study aims collect reconstruct historical occurrence invasion P. . Using optimal MaxEnt model, geographical distributions were predicted based on screened occurrences environmental variables under current three future scenarios 2030s, 2050s, 2070s (i.e., SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5), risk Chinese cities, croplands, forests, grasslands was assessed. The results show that: (1) initially invaded highly suitable areas further spread regions with non-analogous conditions. (2) Under climatic conditions, overall characterized by more southeast less northwest. Climate variables, including mean annual temperature (bio1), precipitation wettest month (bio13), isothermality (bio3), seasonality (bio4), are primary factors influencing distribution. (3) will expand scenarios, particularly toward higher latitudes. (4) Forests crop lands most serious Therefore, we suggest that government should strengthen monitoring management prevent protect agro-ecosystems human habitats. Depending areas, measures such as quarantine, removal, publicity be taken mitigate raise awareness prevention.

Language: Английский