Detecting Symptoms and Dispersal of Pine Tortoise Scale Pest in an Urban Forest by Remote Sensing

Land, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 630 - 630

Published: March 17, 2025

Forests provide essential ecosystem services but face increasing threats from invasive species like Toumeyella parvicornis (pine tortoise scale). Since its introduction to Italy in 2014, this pest has severely impacted Pinus pinea forests, with a major outbreak 2019 affecting an urban forest the Rome municipality area. This study aims develop tool for detecting dieback symptoms caused by scale and assess role of prevailing winds dispersal integrating multispectral hyperspectral earth observation systems, including Sentinel-2 Hyperspectral Precursor Application Mission (PRISMA). At 6000-hectare protected area diverse vegetation, binary Random Forest classifier, trained on near-infrared short-wave infrared reflectance data, identified symptomatic stands. A generalized linear mixed model compared uniform wind-influenced probabilistic models, assessing spread relative initial infestation hotspot. The results confirmed sharp decline 2019, indicating severe defoliation shift evergreen deciduous canopy phenology 2021. classifier achieved 82% accuracy, effectively pine forests (91% precision). 51% 2021, no strong correlation winds, suggesting other augmenting drivers, such as vehicles along congested routes, wind tunnels, pest-resistant potential mitigating alternating coastal patterns that are effective

Language: Английский

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Xylogenesis Responses to a Mediterranean Climate in Holm Oak (Quercus ilex L.)

Forests, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 1386 - 1386

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Quercus ilex L., an evergreen oak species typical of the western and central Mediterranean basin, is facing decline dieback episodes due to increase in severity frequency heat waves drought events. Studying xylogenesis (the wood formation process) crucial for understanding how trees respond with their secondary growth environmental conditions stress This study aimed characterize dynamics relationship meteorological area experiencing prolonged periods. Cambial activity xylem cell production were monitored during 2019 2020 growing seasons a Q. forest located at Vesuvius National Park (southern Italy). The results highlighted significant roles temperature solar radiation stimulating xylogenesis. Indeed, correlation tests revealed that positively influenced development, while precipitation had inhibitory effect on wall formation. earlier maturation compared underscored impact global warming trends. Overall, studied demonstrated good health, adaptability local fluctuations. research provides novel insights into intra-annual this key its adaptation strategies climatic variability, which will be management context climate change.

Language: Английский

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Direct and Remote Sensing Monitoring of Plant Salinity Stress in a Coastal Back-Barrier Environment: Mediterranean Pine Forest Stress and Mortality as a Case Study

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(17), P. 3150 - 3150

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

The increase in atmospheric and soil temperatures recent decades has led to unfavorable conditions for plants many Mediterranean coastal environments. A typical example can be found along the coast of Campania region Italy, within “Volturno Licola Falciano Natural Reserve”, where a pine forest suffered dramatic loss trees 2021. New pines were planted 2023 replace dead ones, with larger tree layout interspersed bushes forest. direct (in situ) monitoring program was planned analyze determinants salinity stress, coupled Sentinel-2 L2A data; particular, multispectral indices NDVI NDMI provided by EU Copernicus service plant status water stress level information. Both vadose zone shallow groundwater monitored continuous logging probes. Vadose indicated that peaked at 30 cm depth, values up 1.9 g/L. These harsh conditions, combined air reaching peaks more than 40 °C, created severe difficulties growth. results showed low (0.35–0.4 g/L) near shoreline since dune environment allowed rapid rainwater infiltration, preventing seawater intrusion. Meanwhile, increased inland, peak end summer, 2.8 In November 2023, salts from storm-borne aerosols (“sea spray”) deposited on caused sea-facing portion newly dry out. Differently, pioneer vegetation dunes, directly facing sea, not affected massive deposition sea spray. data useful distinguishing old suffering increasing final death but accurate detecting planted, still rather short because their spectral reflectance largely interfered adjacent shrub proposed coupling remote sensing successful could applied detect main drivers other

Language: Английский

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Near-Real-Time Detection of Insect Outbreaks in Urban Trees Using a PlanetScope Time Series

Forests, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 2261 - 2261

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

A critical challenge for urban forests is the arrival of Toumeyella parvicornis (or pine tortoise scale) in Italy, as this species damages stone (Pinus pinea L.), an emblematic Mediterranean species. The aim study to evaluate effectiveness remote-sensing data monitoring pest invasions area Rome, using PlanetScope images with a 1-day revisit time and 3 m spatial resolution, making them ideal detecting outbreaks complex areas. First, we constructed reference dataset, georeferencing 238 healthy trees Tenuta San Rossore (Tuscany) more than 2000 damaged Rome’s green In any case, dataset trees—obtained from forest areas—was expected exhibit higher photosynthetic activity compared Second, 30,000 were analyzed test Renormalized Difference Vegetation Index specific disturbance. Finally, different thresholds examined, allowing identification optimal threshold discriminate trees. index results showed marked drop during summer infested areas, identified provided 99% accuracy approach applied demonstrated that imagery proved effective T. parvicornis, leading promising results.

Language: Английский

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