Models for Predicting Tree Diameter at Breast Height from Over and Under Bark Diameter of Stump in Eucalyptus camaldulensis Plantations

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Allometric functions that predict tree diameter at breast height (D) from stump (DS), referred to as DS-D models, are essential for estimating forest metrics like stand volume and belowground carbon (C), especially when D cannot be measured, such after inadequately recorded clearcutting or illegal logging of threatened species.Many available models generic diverse species ecological condition, arelargely based on DS measured over bark (DSoB). Studies show thickness (BT), a factor DSoB, varies intra-species across ecosystemsas response fire history other factors. This raises concerns about the reliance generic, DSoB-based modelsfor inventoryon regenerating clearcut plantation sites. We hypothesize local calibrated with under (DSuB) better account in-situecological variability inBT. To test this, we gathered data through destructive non-destructive sampling clonally propagated (CP), post-fire recovery (FR), coppice-regenerated (CR) stands monoculture Eucalyptus camaldulensisplantations (ECPs) in East Africa. Using data, employed machine learning traditional statistical methods calibrate alternately DSoB DSuB predictor variables. Through error residuals effect sizes analyses, compared (1) performance previously published, ex-situgeneric equations versus study-derived (2) effectivenessDSoB DSoBboth input variables (3) assessed variation between non-fire impacted ECP stands. The results showed in-situ outperformed ex-situ substituting regressors improved model accuracy, substitution variable did not reduce models. (4) modeling allometry was complicated by high heterogeneity classes. These findings recalibrating can capture due circumvention environmental effects BT. further confirm utility even stump's layer is missing.

Language: Английский

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What is the evidence that counter‐wildlife crime interventions are effective for conserving African, Asian and Latin American wildlife directly threatened by exploitation? A systematic map

Ecological Solutions and Evidence, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(2)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Counter‐wildlife crime (CWC) interventions—those that directly protect target wildlife from illegal harvest/persecution, detect and sanction rule‐breakers, interdict control commodities—are widely applied to address biodiversity loss. This systematic map provides an overview of the literature on effectiveness CWC interventions for conserving African, Asian Latin American threatened by exploitation, including human–wildlife conflicts trigger poaching. Following our protocol (Rytwinski, Öckerman, et al., 2021), we compiled peer‐reviewed grey screened articles using pre‐defined inclusion criteria. Included studies were coded key variables interest, which produced a searchable database, interactive structured heatmaps. A total 530 477 included in map. Most Africa Asia (81% studies) focused African elephants (16%), felids (14%) turtles tortoises (11%). evaluations targeted products (rather than species) transfer those along continuum (40% cases). Population/species outcomes most commonly measured via indicators threat reduction (65% cases) intermediate (25%). We identified knowledge clusters where investigated links between (1) patrols other preventative actions increase detection population abundance (2) information analysis sharing crime/trade levels. However, was not rigorously evaluated. investigations used post‐implementation monitoring only (e.g. lacking comparator), no experimental designs found. several gaps paucity geography (Latin America), taxonomy (plants, birds reptiles), (non‐patrol‐based interventions) (biological combination biological human well‐being outcomes). Our reveals opportunity improve rigour documentation intervention evaluations, would enable evidence‐based selection effective approaches conservation national security.

Language: Английский

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What is the evidence that counter-wildlife crime interventions are effective for conserving African, Asian, and Latin American wildlife directly threatened by exploitation? A Systematic Map

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

1. Counter-wildlife crime interventions ̶ those that directly protect target wildlife from illegal harvest/persecution, detect and sanction rule-breakers, interdict control commodities are widely applied to address biodiversity loss. This systematic map provides an overview of the literature on effectiveness counter-wildlife for conserving African, Asian, Latin American threatened by exploitation, including human-wildlife conflicts trigger poaching.2. Following our protocol (Rytwinski et al., 2021a), we compiled peer-reviewed grey screened articles using predefined inclusion criteria. Included studies were coded key variables interest, which produced a searchable database, interactive map, structured heatmaps. 3. A total 530 477 included in map. Most Africa Asia (81% studies) focused African Asian elephants (16%), felids (14%), turtles tortoises (11%). evaluations targeted products (rather than species) transfer along wildlife-crime continuum (40% cases). Population/species outcomes most commonly measured via indicators threat reduction (65% cases) intermediate (25%). 4. We identified knowledge clusters where investigated links between (1) patrols other preventative actions increase detection population abundance, (2) information analysis sharing crime/trade levels. However, was not rigorously evaluated. investigations used post-implementation monitoring only (e.g. lacking comparator), no experimental designs found. several gaps paucity geography (Latin America), taxonomy (plants, birds, reptiles), (non-patrol-based interventions), (biological, combination biological human well-being outcomes). 5. Our reveals opportunity improve rigor documentation intervention evaluations, would enable evidence-based selection effective approaches conservation national security.

Language: Английский

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Exploring community preference for urban forest ecotourism in Palangka Raya: The role of ecosystem service awareness for sustainable city

E3S Web of Conferences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 513, P. 01002 - 01002

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This research explores community support for ecotourism programs in Himba Kahui Urban Forest, Palangka Raya, Indonesia. The urban forest, which offers numerous environmental services, is a vital component the realization of sustainable city. community’s role dictates forest’s function, including ecotourism. study utilizes binary logit regression to measure preference Forest Ecotourism (UFE) program. Results showed significant positive impacts from Provisioning Services and Regulating Services, while Cultural had substantial negative impacts. implication that policymakers must consider preferences programs, especially forest management. contributes understanding awareness ecosystem services its implications on sustainability UFE

Language: Английский

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The effectiveness of interventions to manage international wildlife trade

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 4, 2024

Abstract A range of interventions have been established to manage international wildlife trade and protect traded species; however, there is little consensus as whether, when, how they are effective. Here, through a comprehensive, systematic review >8000 articles, we appraise the evidence for effectiveness on conservation, biological, and/or socio‐economic outcomes. Our examined four intervention types: “laws regulations”, “detection enforcement”, “efforts reduce threats species”, “support local livelihoods”. We find that while laws regulations were most well‐studied, with some reported positive outcomes, over half articles unintended consequences including shifting exploitation routes, increased illegal trade, trade‐offs. Detection enforcement efforts appeared effective in protecting target species but limited high‐value especially when combined low reproductive rates. Efforts (particularly area protection) had biological impacts, trade‐offs reported. Evidence community‐based approaches was our indicated synergies occurring between conservation Overall, outcomes underrepresented, limiting understanding potentially important socio‐ecological feedbacks. This furthers relevant conditions, risks enabling factors around interventions.

Language: Английский

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Expert assessment of illegal collecting impacts on Venus flytraps and priorities for research on illegal trade

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(5)

Published: Sept. 9, 2024

Abstract Illegal collecting of wild Venus flytraps ( Dionaea muscipula ) for the horticultural trade represents a persistent threat to populations species across their endemic range in coastal plain North and South Carolina (United States). Although is not novel threat, there has been very little research on impacts species’ conservation date or why an illegal persists alongside legal one. We drew qualitative expert stakeholder elicitation contextualize long‐term relation other anthropogenic threats. Expert included botanical researchers, cognizant state federal agency staff, land managers, nonprofit actors. The workshop mapping supply chain structures prioritization social environmental harms. consensus determined ongoing problem flytrap conservation, but habitat destruction, degradation, fire suppression are most significant threats conservation. Supply analysis showed that observable harms focused at stage less known about transit demand stages. Key gaps identified include lack understanding plant laundering practices relevant desirable taxa; role commercial nurseries illicit chains; motivations engaging collecting; illegally harvested plants when cultivated, legally obtainable readily available. Our findings methodology ornamental affected by which robust data drivers lacking.

Language: Английский

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An empirical assessment of seaports as facilitators of FOC-flagged transshipment landings

Crime Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: May 14, 2024

Abstract Transshipment is one of the most common activities occurring between carriers and fishing vessels to exchange fish, as well fuel, crew, gear at sea or port. While transshipment reduces need for visit ports offload their catches, thus increasing efficiency, research has shown that this activity also major facilitators IUU fishing. Research on transshipments limited, few studies are available subject focus identifying hotspots transshipment, networks actors involved. No study date examined role play in facilitating activities, nor there any examine whether affiliated with China (the country highest Fishing Index Score 38% global share distant-water fleets) more likely experience disproportionately higher volumes FOC-flagged carrier vessel visits. Therefore, using portal database from Global Watch, which contains information origin destination involved 2015 2022, aims (a) understand hot spots high seas where such catches around world; (b) empirically test characteristics (and countries these located) used by catches. Findings suggest traffic, close proximity high-seas involving carriers, designated entry foreign vessels, Chinese-affiliated, have low monitoring, control, surveillance capacity significantly be visited high-risk vessels. This proposes policy recommendations deriving findings research.

Language: Английский

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Tráfico de madera y especies forestales en sedes fiscales ambientales de Moyobamba, Juanjuí y Yurimaguas, Perú 2022-2023

Revista de Climatología, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23, P. 1860 - 1868

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

La investigación es descriptiva, tiene como objetivo conocer el accionar de las Fiscalías Ambientales Moyobamba, Juanjuí y Yurimaguas. Las preocupaciones surgen los efectos devastadores que esta actividad ilegal. Se trabajó con análisis relacional Gray, para establecer cada sede fiscal. tomó en cuenta la variable Efectividad sedes fiscales Yurimaguas incautación especies forestales; así como, tráfico madera forestales. El volumen del incautado tres fiscales, supera 625 134 pt (pies tablares) lo va año. especie tornillo más afectada que, ocupa primer lugar. fiscalía realizó 80 operativos. presenta 43 sentencias pena privativa libertad por Existen casos investigados efectivas concluyéndose "más mejor"; otro lado, incautada suspendidas, concluye "menos mejor".

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