Acta Pharmacologica Sinica,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 26, 2025
Abstract
Neuroinflammation
is
crucial
for
the
pathogenesis
of
major
depression.
Preclinical
studies
have
shown
potential
anti-inflammatory
agents,
specifically
costunolide
(COS),
correlate
with
antidepressant
effects.
In
this
study,
we
investigated
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
actions
COS.
Chronic
restraint
stress
(CRS)
was
induced
in
male
mice.
The
mice
were
treated
either
intra-DG
injection
COS
(5
μM,
1
μL
per
side)
or
(20
mg/kg,
i.p.)
week.
We
showed
that
administration
through
both
routes
significantly
ameliorated
depressive-like
behavior
CRS-exposed
Furthermore,
improved
chronic
stress-induced
adult
hippocampal
neurogenesis
deficits
attenuating
microglia-derived
neuroinflammation.
demonstrated
μM)
exerted
anti-neuroinflammatory
effects
LPS-treated
BV2
cells
via
inhibiting
microglial
Akt/mTOR/NF-κB
pathway;
inactivation
mTOR/NF-κB/IL-1β
pathway
required
pro-neurogenic
action
Our
results
reveal
mechanism
normalizing
neuroinflammation
to
improve
deficits,
supporting
agents
as
a
therapeutic
strategy
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: Aug. 8, 2024
Introduction
Parkinson’s
disease
(PD)
presents
a
significant
challenge
in
medical
science,
as
current
treatments
are
limited
to
symptom
management
and
often
carry
side
effects.
Our
study
introduces
an
innovative
approach
evaluate
the
effects
of
gdnf
overexpression
mediated
by
CRISPRa
vitro
model
disease.
The
expression
can
have
neuroprotective
effects,
being
related
modulation
neuroinflammation
pathways
associated
with
cell
survival,
differentiation,
growth.
Methods
We
developed
targeted
delivery
system
using
magnetite
nanostructured
vehicle
for
efficient
transport
genetic
material.
This
has
resulted
substantial
increase,
up
200-fold)
In
mixed
primary
culture
astrocytes,
neurons,
microglia.
Results
Discussion
exhibits
endosomal
escape
more
than
56%,
crucial
effective
activation
material
within
cells.
increased
correlates
notable
reduction
MAO-B
complex
activity,
reaching
basal
values
14.8
μU/μg
protein,
reactive
oxygen
species.
Additionally,
there
is
34.6%
increase
viability
treated
neurotoxin
MPTP.
shows
that
increasing
remediate
some
cellular
symptoms
novel
system.
Developmental Neurobiology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
85(2)
Published: Feb. 25, 2025
Mitophagy
is
important
for
normal
neural
activity.
Epilepsy
intimately
linked
to
neurotoxicity
due
mitochondrial
dysfunction.
Cordycepin
(Cor)
has
been
shown
exert
neuroprotective
effects.
This
study
aims
investigate
whether
Cor
could
mitigate
in
epilepsy
by
modulating
mitophagy.
In
vitro,
kainic
acid
(KA)
was
utilized
induce
cytotoxicity
HT22
cell.
Cell
viability
assessed
using
the
CCK-8
assay,
while
cell
damage
evaluated
through
an
LDH
kit.
Flow
cytometry
used
assess
apoptosis.
The
expressions
of
G
protein-coupled
receptor
120
(GPR120),
apoptosis,
and
mitophagy-related
proteins
were
analyzed
western
blot.
Inflammatory
factors
oxidative
stress
levels
examined
kits.
DCFH-DA
staining
applied
observe
cellular
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
levels.
three-dimensional
coordinates
GPR120
retrieved
from
PDB
database,
molecular
docking
performed
AutoDock.
Immunofluorescence
mitophagy
level.
significantly
attenuated
KA-induced
injury
inflammation,
suppressing
ROS
Notably,
ameliorated
decrease
level
observed
cells
treated
with
KA.
expression
upregulated
following
KA
treatment
further
elevated
after
adding
Cor.
bind
GPR120.
Interference
reversed
ameliorative
effects
on
cells.
Overall,
alleviated
neurotoxic
stress.
protective
effect
may
be
mediated
GPR120-regulated
Inflammopharmacology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 27, 2025
Quercetin
is
a
flavonoid
commonly
found
in
various
fruits,
vegetables,
and
grains.
Studies
have
demonstrated
that
quercetin
may
help
protect
neuronal
cells
from
damage
caused
by
neurotoxins
associated
with
Parkinson's
disease,
however,
the
underlying
mechanism
remains
unclear.
The
current
study
aimed
to
investigate
neuroprotective
effects
of
MPTP-induced
disease
mouse
models
elucidate
its
mechanistic
role
modulating
PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β
signaling
pathway.
Male
C57BL/6
mice
were
divided
into
control,
MPTP,
quercetin,
MPTP
+
groups.
protective
on
evaluated
using
animal
behaviour
analysis,
histopathological
examination,
immunofluorescence
staining.
Subsequently,
network
pharmacology
was
utilized
determine
primary
target
sites
disease.
Finally,
western
blotting
molecular
docking
techniques
applied
validate
identified
targets.
significantly
improved
motor
deficits
mice,
reduced
atrophy,
preserved
TH+
dopaminergic
neurons.
Western
analysis
revealed
upregulated
anti-inflammatory
IL-10
(p
<
0.01)
TGF-β
while
suppressing
pro-inflammatory
IL-1β
iNOS
0.01).
It
activated
pathway
increasing
phosphorylation
PI3K
0.01),
Akt
GSK-3β
also
elevated
anti-apoptotic
Bcl-2
pro-apoptotic
Bax
Caspase-9
Molecular
confirmed
strong
binding
between
(binding
energies:
-6.44
-5.24
kcal/mol).
alleviates
pathology
inhibiting
neuroinflammation,
reducing
apoptosis,
activating
These
findings
underscore
potential
as
multi-target
therapeutic
agent
for
Pharmacology Research & Perspectives,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(2)
Published: April 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Huntington's
disease
(HD)
is
a
challenging
neurodegenerative
disorder
linked
to
Huntingtin
(
HTT
)
gene
mutation,
lacking
an
effective
cure
despite
numerous
therapeutic
attempts.
Cordyceps
sinensis
,
recognized
for
its
health
benefits,
particularly
constituent
cordycepin,
exhibits
neuroprotective
effects
in
various
diseases.
However,
the
potential
of
cordycepin
HD
remains
insufficiently
explored.
In
this
study,
vitro
experiments
using
cell
models
demonstrate
that
treatment
enhances
survival,
slightly
diminishes
mutant
aggregates,
and
improves
neuronal
formation.
vivo
investigations
on
R6/2
transgenic
mice
reveal
modest
increase
body
weight
slight
amelioration
pathological
aggregates
following
administration,
although
behavioral
changes
are
not
significant.
While
underlying
mechanisms
remain
unexplored,
findings
suggest
cordycepin's
promise
as
supplementary
HD,
providing
reducing
protein
aggregates.
International Immunopharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
143, P. 113375 - 113375
Published: Oct. 16, 2024
Cognitive
dysfunction
is
one
of
the
major
symptoms
chronic
sleep
deprivation
(CSD).
Abnormal
autophagy
and
apoptosis
are
thought
to
be
important
mechanisms.
S100
Calcium
Binding
Protein
A8
(S100A8)
plays
a
key
role
in
microglia.
This
study
investigated
whether
S100A8
knockdown
can
effectively
inhibit
aberrant
microglia
improve
cognitive
function
by
activating
phosphatidylinositol
3-kinase
(PI3K)/protein
kinase
B
(AKT)
signaling
pathway
under
CSD
conditions.
