Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Sept. 29, 2023
Comparative
animal
models
generate
fundamental
scientific
knowledge
of
immune
responses.
However,
these
studies
typically
are
conducted
in
mammals
because
their
biochemical
and
physiological
similarity
to
humans.
Presently,
there
has
been
an
interest
using
teleost
fish
study
intestinal
immunology,
particularly
mucosa
response.
Instead
targeting
the
pathogen
itself,
a
preferred
approach
for
managing
health
is
through
nutrient
supplementation,
as
it
noninvasive
less
labor
intensive
than
vaccine
administrations
while
still
modulating
properties.
Amino
acids
(AAs)
regulate
metabolic
processes,
oxidant-antioxidant
balance,
requirements
improve
Thus,
nutritionists
can
develop
sustainable
aquafeeds
AA
supplementation
promote
specific
responses,
including
system.
We
propose
use
dietary
with
functional
AAs
response
by
discussing
immunology
within
intestine
explore
how
oxidative
burst
used
defense
mechanism.
evaluate
components
responses
that
balance
potential
selection
metabolites
mucosal
capacity
gut
integrity.
effective
modulators
immunity
balance.
To
incorporate
nutrition
immunoregulatory
means
teleost,
we
must
obtain
more
tools
genomic,
proteomic,
nutrition,
macrobiotic
metabonomic
analyses,
so
future
provide
holistic
understanding
system
fish.
BMC Zoology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: Feb. 7, 2025
Abstract
This
systematic
review
highlights
the
similarities
and
variations
in
gill
morphology,
histology,
anatomical
structure
between
differing
fish
species.
The
system
consists
of
mainly
four
pairs
arches
most
teleost
fishes,
such
as
sea
bass,
bream,
grouper,
red
porgy,
etc.,
while
it
three
pufferfish
striped-red
mullet
fish.
However,
Clarias
gariepinus
had
five
pairs,
including
an
additional
rudimentary
fifth-gill
arch.
consisted
arches,
rakers,
filaments,
secondary
lamellae
with
varied
shapes
hook,
semilunar,
L-shapes,
crescentic
shapes.
Each
arch
carried
two
rows
lateral
medial,
present
fishes
(
Mugil
cephalus,
Boops
boops,
Pagrus
pagrus,
Sparus
aurata
,
European
hake,
Puffer
fish,
grey
gurnard,
bream).
An
row
appears
or
(accessory)
dusky
grouper
length
shape
rakers
are
related
to
feeding
habits.
longer,
equal,
more
number
developed
than
those
medial
rows,
except
at
second
third
pufferfish,
fourth
pagrus
.
absent
first
Bagrus
bayad
carries
structures,
air-breathing
dendritic
organ
catfish,
located
suprabranchial
chamber
caudodorsal
gills
composed
main
parts:
small
large
ones
originated
by
stems
from
fourth-gill
respectively.
interbranchial
septum
can
be
smooth,
form
a
median
crest
(seabream),
carry
teeth
spines
(seabass,
pufferfish).
Four
transversely
raised
areas
on
each
side
connected
transverse
lines
caudal
base
tongue
)
elevated
part
level
third-gill
Tilapia
zilli
).
Scanning
electron
microscopy
explained
micro-anatomical
structures
pavement
cells,
mucus
cell
openings,
taste
buds
arch,
grooves
near
filament
side,
their
spines,
heights
types
Histological
findings
revealed
various
superficial
chloride
mucous
goblet
basal
epithelial
cells.
lymph
space
is
situated
within
epithelia
encompassed
cells
that
resemble
tenocytes.
contains
many
immunological
lymphocytes,
granular
leukocytes,
rodlet
comprises
sensory
known
neuromasts
hyaline
cartilaginous
support.
underscores
intricate
relationship
habits
across
marine
freshwater
highlighting
importance
understanding
these
for
ecological,
evolutionary,
aquacultural
applications
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: March 4, 2025
The
aim
of
this
study
was
to
assess
the
response
characteristics
intestinal
immune
function
and
microflora
pike
perch
(Sander
luciperca)
receiving
cottonseed
protein
concentrate
(CPC)
as
a
substitute
for
fishmeal.
A
basal
diet
formulated
contain
55%
fish
meal,
then
CPC
used
replace
0%
(CPC0),
20%
(CPC1),
40%
(CPC2),
60%
(CPC3)
dietary
meal.
four
diets
were
fed
pikeperch
with
an
initial
body
weight
3.55
±
0.01
g
8
weeks.
results
revealed
that
there
no
significant
effects
levels
on
survival
rate,
mass
gain
specific
growth
rate.
highest
value
feeding
efficiency
ratio
found
in
CPC3
group
significantly
higher
than
control
group.
Significantly
lower
values
hepatosomatic
index,
crude
ash
content,
content
observed
Trypsin
activity
lowest
compared
CPC1
Among
three
substitution
groups,
increases
antioxidant
enzyme
activities,
glutathione
anti-inflammatory
factor
expression,
downregulation
pro-inflammatory
factors
increasing
substitution.
injury
degree
mechanical
barrier
mitigated
along
relief
oxidative
damage
inflammation
ratios.
In
conclusion,
meal
can
be
replaced
by
based
above
results.
However,
slightly
increased
Firmicutes
abundance
decreased
Actinobacteriota
abundance,
but
Proteobacteria
appreciably
increased.
An
increase
Staphylococcus
reduction
Lactobacillus
CPC2
groups.
Igf1
expression
downregulated
Henceforth,
two
limiting
should
considered
key
breakthroughs
improving
effectiveness
replacing
pikeperch.
current
findings
provide
reference
breakthrough
fishmeal
diets.
Journal of Virology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 14, 2025
ABSTRACT
Mandarin
fish
ranavirus
(MRV),
a
new
member
of
the
species
Ranavirus
micropterus1
,
sharing
over
98%
whole-genome
nucleotide
identity
with
well-known
largemouth
bass
virus
(LMBV),
is
distinct
genus
within
family
Iridoviridae
.
Our
recent
work
showed
that
acute
MRV
infection
predominantly
affects
pyloric
cecum,
critical
visceral
organ
in
mandarin
fish,
and
was
hypothesized
to
drive
characteristic
external
clinical
sign
severe
ascites.
In
this
study,
we
reveal
initially
targets
serosal
layer
cecum
leading
rapid
progression
into
fibrinous
serositis
characterized
by
hypertrophy,
fibrosis,
hyperemia,
edema,
tissue
adhesions.
Using
single-cell
RNA
sequencing,
dissect
cellular
composition
epithelial,
immune,
stromal
populations,
identifying
significant
enrichment
macrophages
granulocytes,
alongside
T
natural
killer
cells,
as
key
mediators
cytokine
inflammatory
responses.
Then,
robust
experimental
evidence
demonstrates
infects
specific
immune
cell
subsets
B
cells
fibroblasts,
myofibroblasts,
endothelial
pericytes,
resulting
upregulation
genes
pathways
associated
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
formation,
collagen
biosynthesis,
vascular
remodeling
hyperplastic
zone.
Additionally,
both
host-derived
type
V
collagens
MRV-encoded
are
implicated
ECM
formation
hypertrophic
serosa.
Collectively,
study
provides
comprehensive
resolution
analysis
cecum’s
response
highlights
virus-driven
underlying
cause
ascites
fish.
IMPORTANCE
The
vital
digestive
many
bony
species,
including
carnivorous
an
exceptionally
developed
comprising
207–326
ceca
per
individual.
While
MRV/LMBV
various
uniquely
observed
infected
This
induces
hyperplasia,
ultimately
mortality.
Leveraging
provide
detailed
landscape
types
affected
or
involved
response,
revealing
their
roles
pathogenesis
serositis.
These
findings
advance
our
understanding
MRV-induced
pathology
its
species-specific
manifestations.
