Alleviative potential of dietary essential oils against nickel toxicity triggers neurobehavioral abnormalities, biochemical dysfunction, and histopathological alterations in Nile tilapia

Veterinary Research Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 49(2)

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Chlorella vulgaris as a Livestock Supplement and Animal Feed: A Comprehensive Review

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 879 - 879

Published: March 19, 2025

This review explores the potential of Chlorella vulgaris (CLV) as an alternative supplement in animal feed. CLV is rich essential nutrients including fatty acids, amino vitamins, and minerals, well bioactive compounds such antioxidants, which contribute to its health-promoting properties. The nutritional composition can vary depending on factors cultivation methods, nutrient availability, light intensity, temperature, water pH, strain, processing techniques. rigid cell wall microalga limits accessibility, particularly monogastric animals. However, techniques enzymatic treatments disrupt wall, enhancing bioavailability improving utility a feed ingredient. Research across livestock species has demonstrated positive effects supplementation. For instance, improved milk production ruminants, modulated rumen microbiota, enhanced lamb growth, elevated blood immunoglobulin levels. Moreover, impact ruminal fermentation dose-dependent, with higher inclusion rates exhibiting more pronounced effects, it may also play role mitigating methane emissions. In poultry, supplementation leads better conversion ratios, immune responses, meat egg quality. Similarly, studies pigs suggest that benefit response acid profiles, while rabbits, been found reduce oxidative stress improve responses. Additionally, shown promise aquaculture, utilization, immunity, disease resistance various fish species. While shows considerable potential, variability responses need for optimized levels necessitate further species-specific research elucidate long-term implications diets.

Language: Английский

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The ability of dietary essential oils to mitigate nickel-induced growth retardation, immune-antioxidant suppression, and endoplasmic reticulum stress activation in Nile tilapia

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 51(2)

Published: March 31, 2025

Abstract Fish immunity is significantly impacted by waterborne metal intoxication. Nickel a ubiquitous in aquatic bodies which badly impacts fish immune responses and survival. In the current research, we looked into possible protective effects of essential oils tea tree (TTO) basil (BEO) against nickel exposure Nile tilapia, or Oreochromis niloticus . To achieve this, 240 tilapia (27.92 ± 0.22 g) were categorized six groups for 45 days; three fed on basal control, TTO, BEO diets without Ni exposure. The other subjected to at level 3.6 mg/L basal, diets. outcomes showed substantial decrease growth measures survival % Ni-exposed fish. Oxidative stress (higher splenic malondialdehyde lower catalase, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase), suppression (lower serum lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide), elevated cortisol levels observed Ni-intoxicated group. group exhibited various pathological alterations detected intestinal tissue mainly inflammatory necrotic changes, moreover, moderate depletion lymphoid elements represented lymphocytes tissue. Ni-exposure induced endoplasmic reticulum through up-regulation expression protein kinase R-like kinase, activating transcription factor 6, CCAAT/enhancer-binding homologous protein, X-box binding 1, α-subunit eukaryotic initiation 2, inositol-requiring 1a, mitogen-activated c-JunN-terminal immunoglobulins. Feeding TTO improved measures, survival, antioxidant capacity. Immunomodulation, enhancement architecture, relief condition noticed when Ni-intoxicant Overall, effect diet was more pronounced than mitigating negative consequences Ni-intoxication tilapia. Dietary fortification 0.1% and/or recommended during aquaculture practices.

Language: Английский

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Dietary intervention of propolis and/or turmeric boosted growth, hematology, biochemical profile, and antioxidant-immune responses and their associated gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) challenged with Edwardsiella tarda

Aquaculture International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(1)

Published: Nov. 13, 2024

Abstract Immunostimulant phytogenic feed additives are given great concern for improving fish health, growth, immune responses, and resistance to diseases. This research investigated the impact of dietary propolis (PRO), turmeric (TUR), their combination on hematology, antioxidant-immune regulating genes in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) during Edwardsiella tarda challenge. For 8 weeks, a total number 320 (20.70 ± 0.14 g) were allocated into four groups at random, each with eight replicates (10 each). The first group (1st) was basal diet (control) without any supplements. 2nd, 3rd, 4th supplemented 1% PRO, TUR, mixture (1%PRO + 1%TUR), respectively. experimental challenged intraperitoneally E. dose 0.1 mL (1 × 10 5 CFU) termination feeding trial, survival estimated an additional 7 days. results demonstrated that fish-fed diets PRO and/or TUR showed higher body weight, condition factor, specific growth rate, intake, efficiency utilization than control P < 0.05). hematological, protein profile, (total antioxidant capacity, lysozymes, IgM) parameters substantially improved fed compared non-fed fish. lipid profile malondialdehyde decreased group. Notably, down-turning nuclear factor kappa B NFκB tumor necrosis factor-alpha TNF-α expression up-turning erythroid 2-related 2 Nrf2 transforming factor-beta TGF-β noticed Noteworthy, can be added enhance response, . These outcomes help sustainable development culture industry. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Amelioration of hypoxia and cold stress in Nile tilapia: comparative effect of Chlorella vulgaris and its nanoparticle dietary supplementation on performance, antioxidant, hepatic functions, and meat quality

Aquaculture International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(1)

Published: Nov. 18, 2024

Abstract Nile tilapia, a widely cultivated freshwater fish, faces significant stressors, such as hypoxia and cold temperatures, which can negatively impact its quality growth. The current study explored the of Chlorella vulgaris (CV) powder nanoparticles (CVNPs) on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, liver protection, meat tilapia to alleviate stress. A total 450 healthy 28-day-old fingerlings (average weight 5.32 ± 1.1 g, length 3.1 0.5 cm) were divided into five groups: T1 (2.5 g/kg CV), T2 (5 T3 CVNP), T4 control group received basal diet without additives, each with three subgroups in tri-replicate (10 fish/replicate). After six weeks feeding, metrics parameters assessed, was subjected hypoxia, stress, or optimal conditions. results revealed that exhibited highest gain (WG) lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR), whereas showed specific rate (SGR) gain. Hypoxia stress significantly ( p < 0.05) increased cortisol, oxidative markers (MDA, NO, GSSG), enzymes (ALT AST) while reducing (SOD GSH) cholesterol (TC). ATP levels decreased hypoxic indicating muscle energy depletion. lowered cortisol levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. also TC level. ALT at T1, T2, T4, AST reduced only. CV CVNP supplementation MDA under stressful conditions, notably T4. Additionally, lightness, yellowness, chroma stressed redness improved Fatty acid profiles varied across different In conclusion, CV, particularly nanoparticle form, enhanced growth, activity, physical

Language: Английский

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