ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(42), P. 15146 - 15170
Published: Oct. 10, 2023
As
the
global
demand
for
plastics
continues
to
grow,
plastic
waste
is
accumulating
at
an
alarming
rate
with
negative
effects
on
natural
environment.
The
industrially
compostable
biopolymer
poly(lactic
acid)
(PLA)
therefore
being
adopted
use
in
many
applications,
but
degradation
of
this
material
slow
under
end-of-life
conditions.
This
Perspective
explores
feasibility
accelerating
PLA
through
formation
PLA-plant
fiber
composites.
Topics
include:
(a)
key
properties
PLA,
plant-based
fibers,
and
biocomposites;
(b)
mechanisms
both
hydrolytic
biodegradation
PLA-fiber
composites;
(c)
composites
aerobic
anaerobic
conditions,
relevant
compost,
soil
seawater
(aerobic),
landfills
(anaerobic);
(d)
sustainability
environmental
impact
composites,
as
evaluated
using
life
cycle
assessment.
Additional
modes,
including
thermal
photodegradation,
which
are
during
processing
use,
have
been
omitted
clarity,
other
types
biocomposites.
Multiple
studies
shown
that
addition
some
plant
fibers
(to
form
biocomposites)
accelerates
water
transport
hydrolysis,
presenting
a
possible
avenue
improving
these
materials.
To
facilitate
continued
development
materials
enhanced
biodegradability,
we
identify
need
implement
testing
protocols
can
distinguish
between
different
mechanisms.
Process Safety and Environmental Protection,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
188, P. 834 - 859
Published: June 2, 2024
Biogas
is
a
resource
of
renewable
energy
with
the
highest
significance
to
development
in
many
countries
due
great
accessibility
biomass.
It
mostly
produced
by
anaerobic
digestion
various
feedstocks,
but
technologies
such
as
landfilling,
aerobic
composting
and
incineration
are
also
being
used.
The
current
novel
review
aimed
present
emerging
for
biogas
pretreatment,
production
upgrading
process.
Furthermore,
applications
future
perspectives
have
been
covered.
was
found
that
pretreatment
chemical,
physical,
thermochemical
oxidative
increasing
biomethane
yield.
Hence,
extrusion
has
increased
190%.
upgrading,
photosynthetic
biofixation
CO2
microalgae
shown
upgraded
CH4
maximum
content
ranging
from
2
6%.
Microbial
electrolysis
cell
technology
sustainable
effective
low
requirement
energy.
Thus,
it
bioelectromethanogenesis
leads
uptake
13.2
gCO2/d.
In
addition,
nanobubble
recent
studies
extensively
investigated
improvement
methane
Europe
around
70%
plants
utilising
feedstocks
agriculture
sectors.
2022
global
combined
reached
more
than
1.6
EJ
which
an
increase
17%
last
five
years.
Fossil
fuels
primary
source
85%
world's
supply.
wider
use
could
ensure
goals
implementation
