Green energy and fuel research.,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 17, 2025
Review
Advancing
Hydrogen
Development
from
2015
to
2024
and
Mitigating
Noₓ
Emissions
Hydrogen-Enriched
Combustion
for
a
Cleaner
Energy
Future
Yi-Kai
Chih
1,*,
Shang-Rong
Kuo
2,
Jing-Jie
Wang
2
1
Department
of
Chemical
Materials
Engineering,
National
University
Kaohsiung,
Kaohsiung
811,
Taiwan
Greenergy,
Tainan,
Tainan
701,
*
Correspondence:
[email protected]
or
[email protected]
Received:
13
December
2024;
Revised:
4
March
2025;
Accepted:
Published:
17
2025
Abstract:
This
study
explores
hydrogen
energy’s
transformative
role
in
achieving
net-zero
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
focusing
on
mitigating
nitrogen
oxides
(NOx),
byproduct
hydrogen-enriched
fuel
combustion.
Driven
by
rapid
growth
research
2024,
it
highlights
hydrogen’s
potential
address
critical
energy
environmental
challenges.
production
is
classified
into
thermolysis,
biophotolysis,
electrolysis,
photoelectrochemical
processes,
with
distinct
sources
outputs.
Color
codes
denote
types:
green
(electrolysis
using
renewables),
blue
(carbon
capture
natural
reforming),
gray
(no
carbon
capture),
pink
(nuclear-powered),
turquoise
(methane
decomposition).
By
2050,
hydrogen,
aligned
decarbonization
goals
declining
costs,
expected
dominate
the
market,
while
will
act
as
transitional
source.
The
paper
emphasizes
importance
pricing,
regional
cost
disparities,
strategic
investments
enhance
low-emission
competitiveness.
However,
major
challenge
increased
NOx
emissions
higher
combustion
temperatures.
reviews
key
mitigation
strategies,
including
hydrogen-natural
blending,
staged
combustion,
exhaust
recirculation
(EGR),
post-combustion
measures
such
Selective
Catalytic
Reduction
(SCR).
Among
these,
EGR
effectively
lowers
peak
temperatures,
optimizes
fuel-air
mixing
minimize
formation.
Additionally,
SCR
remains
one
most
efficient
solutions,
reducing
over
80%
various
applications.
demonstrates
how
these
strategies
can
maximize
minimizing
impacts.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
36(8)
Published: Nov. 22, 2023
Abstract
Semiconductor
photocatalytic
technology
holds
immense
promise
for
converting
sustainable
solar
energy
into
chemically
storable
energy,
with
significant
applications
in
the
realms
of
and
environment.
However,
inherent
issue
rapid
recombination
photogenerated
electrons
holes
hinders
performance
single
photocatalysts.
To
overcome
this
challenge,
construction
2D
S‐scheme
heterojunction
photocatalysts
emerges
as
an
effective
strategy.
The
deliberate
design
dimensionality
ensures
a
substantial
interfacial
area;
while,
charge
transfer
mechanism
facilitates
efficient
separation
maximizes
redox
capabilities.
This
review
commences
fresh
perspective
on
heterojunctions,
followed
by
comprehensive
exploration
preparation
methods
characterization
techniques.
Subsequently,
recent
advancements
are
summarized.
Notably,
behind
activity
enhancement
is
elucidated.
Finally,
prospects
development
presented.
ACS Omega,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(8), P. 8709 - 8729
Published: Feb. 16, 2024
Agricultural
runoff,
fuel
spillages,
urbanization,
hospitalization,
and
industrialization
are
some
of
the
serious
problems
currently
facing
world.
In
particular,
byproducts
that
hazardous
to
ecosystem
have
potential
mix
with
water
used
for
drinking.
Over
last
three
decades,
various
techniques,
including
biodegradation,
advanced
oxidation
processes
(AOPs),
(e.g.,
photocatalysis,
photo-Fenton
oxidation,
Fenton-like
electrochemical
process
adsorption),
filtration,
adsorption
been
developed
remove
byproducts.
Among
those,
AOPs,
photocatalysis
has
received
special
attention
from
scientific
community
because
its
unusual
properties
at
nanoscale
layered
structure.
Recently,
bismuth
based
semiconductor
(BBSc)
photocatalysts
played
an
important
role
in
solving
global
energy
demand
environmental
pollution
problems.
bismuth-based
Z-scheme
heterojunction
(BBZSH)
is
considered
best
alternative
route
overhaul
limitations
single-component
BBSc
photocatalysts.
This
work
aims
review
recent
studies
on
a
new
type
BBZSH
treatment
contaminated
water.
The
general
overview
synthesis
methods,
efficiency-enhancing
strategies,
classifications
heterojunctions,
degradation
mechanisms
Z-
S-schemes,
application
organic
dyes,
antibiotics,
aromatics
compounds,
endocrine-disrupting
volatile
compounds
reviewed.
Finally,
challenges
future
perspective
discussed.
ChemPhysMater,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 1, 2023
Hydrogen,
a
clean
and
versatile
energy
carrier,
has
gained
significant
attention
as
potential
solution
for
addressing
the
challenges
of
climate
change
sustainability.
Efficient
hydrogen
production
relies
heavily
on
development
advanced
materials
that
enable
cost-effective
sustainable
methods.
This
review
article
presents
comprehensive
overview
cutting-edge
used
production,
covering
both
traditional
emerging
technologies.
begins
by
briefly
introducing
importance
carrier
various
methods
production.
emphasizes
critical
role
these
in
enabling
efficient
generation.
Traditional
methods,
such
steam
methane
reforming,
coal
gasification,
biomass
water
electrolysis,
are
discussed,
highlighting
their
advantages
limitations.
then
focuses
technologies
have
shown
promise
achieving
Photocatalytic
splitting
is
explored
with
an
emphasis
recent
advancements
semiconductor-based
photocatalysts
nanostructured
enhanced
photocatalysis.
Solid
oxide
electrolysis
cells
(SOEC)
examined,
discussing
high-temperature
electrolytes
electrode
materials.
Biological
chemical
looping
also
use
microorganisms,
bioengineered
systems,
metal
oxides
oxygen
carriers,
catalysts
improved
Advanced
characterization
techniques,
including
X-ray
diffraction,
spectroscopy,
scanning
electron
microscopy,
transmission
photoelectron
Auger
thermogravimetric
analysis,
differential
calorimetry,
been
to
gain
insight
into
properties
performances
concludes
prospects
field
highlights
durability,
stability,
cost-effectiveness,
scalability,
integration
large-scale
pchiroduction
systems.
discusses
trends
breakthroughs
could
shape
future
Catalysis Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
187, P. 106859 - 106859
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Photocatalysis
emerged
as
a
promising
alternative
to
address
fossil
fuel
scarcity
and
the
limitations
of
other
clean
energy
sources.
enables
hydrogen
production
via
water
splitting,
using
photocatalysts
light
irradiation,
which
can
be
stored
utilized
across
various
applications.
has
exhibited
significant
improvements
yields
in
production,
surpassing
its
initial
stages.
The
current
photocatalyst
market
offers
diverse
materials
with
unique
characteristics,
continuous
evolution
is
observed
their
synthesis
methods.
This
contribution
aims
compile
recent
literature
on
advancements
for
particular
emphasis
type,
performance
trends.
