How much can chemical recycling contribute to plastic waste recycling in Europe? An assessment using material flow analysis modeling

Resources Conservation and Recycling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 192, P. 106916 - 106916

Published: Feb. 26, 2023

Plastic recycling rate in Europe is low, urging developments technology and strategies to increase circularity.Mechanical (MR) has been the reference for years, but near future chemical (CR) options are expected contribute improve plastic circularity.This study uses a material flow analysis (MFA) at European level provide quantitative estimates of contribution CR technologies recycling.Ten most used polymer types from five sectors selected.A status quo 2018 scenario modelled compared potential scenarios (in 2030) waste treatment, including one that only looks improved collection, sorting, MR four exploring options.The so-called 'missing plastics', i.e., generated currently not accounted statistics, considered scenarios.The MFA results by calculating circularity indicators namely end-of-life (EoL-RR), plastic-to-plastic rate, plasticto-chemicals plastic-to-fuels rate.The indicate optimistic EoL-RR 2030 73-80% (sum plastic-to-chemical rates, excluding plastic-to-fuel rate), which 41-46% MR, 15-38% 19-35% plastic-to-chemicals.The highest achievable estimated be 61% (46% 15% CR).In all scenarios, 3-6%.The also estimate recycled content availability 2030, suggest closed-loop processing plastics' will necessary achieve targets.

Language: Английский

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Bioplastic: an eco‐friendly alternative to non‐biodegradable plastic

Polymer International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 72(11), P. 984 - 996

Published: June 15, 2023

Abstract The accumulation of non‐biodegradable plastic waste in land and aquatic environments is expanding every day. According to data collected from various scientific reports, about 100–250 megatonnes arrives the oceans annually. Central Control Board India (2019–2020), produces 3.5 million metric tonnes annually, while only 5–10% produced recycled. non‐recycled dumped into environment either goes landfills or directly sea, which disrupts marine life ocean. We are highly dependent on at household industrial scales. Removal lowering use hazardous plastics main challenges. Researchers industrialists have come up with many ideas lower generation found that reusability easier than degradability, bioplastics ultimate solution tackle problem. Hence, developing eco‐friendly alternative without compromising physicochemical mechanical properties need hour. An conventional petrochemical bioplastics, environmentally safe, reduce our dependency fossil reserves. Therefore, this review focuses as an efficient plastics. Among renewable sustainable feedstocks available, vegetable oils most suitable resource for bioplastic production because their renewability economical nature. study concluded polyurethane‐based polymers inherently more other © 2023 Society Industrial Chemistry.

Language: Английский

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Thermal pyrolysis of waste versus virgin polyolefin feedstocks: The role of pressure, temperature and waste composition

Waste Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 108 - 118

Published: April 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Chemical recycling of plastic waste for sustainable polymer manufacturing – A critical review

Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 112323 - 112323

Published: Feb. 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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The role of plastic chemical recycling processes in a circular economy context

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 498, P. 155227 - 155227

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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Recent Developments in Technology for Sorting Plastic for Recycling: The Emergence of Artificial Intelligence and the Rise of the Robots

Recycling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 59 - 59

Published: July 15, 2024

Plastics recycling is an important component of the circular economy. In mechanical recycling, recovery high-quality plastics for subsequent reprocessing requires plastic waste to be first sorted by type, color, and size. chemical certain types should removed as they negatively affect process. Such sortation objects at Materials Recovery Facilities (MRFs) relies increasingly on automated technology. Critical any sorting proper identification type. Spectroscopy used this end, augmented machine learning (ML) artificial intelligence (AI). Recent developments in application ML/AI are highlighted here, state art presented. Commercial equipment recyclables identified from a survey publicly available information. Automated equipment, ML/AI-based sorters, robotic sorters currently market evaluated regarding their sensors, capability sort plastics, primary application, throughput, accuracy. This information reflects rapid progress achieved plastics. However, film, dark comprising multiple polymers remains challenging. Improvements and/or new solutions forthcoming.

Language: Английский

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Biodegradable biopolymers: Real impact to environment pollution

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 947, P. 174445 - 174445

Published: July 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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Clarifying European terminology in plastics recycling

Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44, P. 100871 - 100871

Published: Sept. 19, 2023

The increasing activities in plastics recycling have led to a sprawl of terminology describing different technologies and technology categorizations. This creates not only linguistic confusion, but also makes it difficult for regulators, investors, corporate leaders other stakeholders fully understand the relationship between technologies, potentially leading suboptimal decisions on policy, investment, or collaboration. To bring clarity this topic, manuscript provides an overview (i) circular pathways plastics, with focus recycling, (ii) most common categorization (iii) what is considered 'recycling' by European Commission (iv) some alternative terms used grey academic literature describe technologies.

Language: Английский

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Environmental Impact of Plastic Recycling in Terms of Energy Consumption: A Comparison of Japan’s Mechanical and Chemical Recycling Technologies

Energies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 2199 - 2199

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

In Japan, mechanical plastic recycling has been widely practiced. recent years, the chemical method gaining interest, especially due to its high-quality products similar virgin materials. Understanding environmental impact of both methods from energy consumption standpoint is crucial so that attempts preserve resources can be based in most energy-sustainable way. This research aims determine and two types technologies (coke oven gasification) by analyzing their usage loads. The results relating electricity water show a 17% share global warming potential (GWP), coke 51%, gasification 32%. Although lower GWP, yields highly valuable byproducts reused processes, such as steam industrial water, reducing overall load. These recovered materials are also potentially useful for other processes an symbiosis ecosystem.

Language: Английский

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A review on the pyrolytic conversion of plastic waste into fuels and chemicals

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 179, P. 106479 - 106479

Published: March 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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