Compensation of gene dosage on the mammalian X
Development,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
151(15)
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Changes
in
gene
dosage
can
have
tremendous
evolutionary
potential
(e.g.
whole-genome
duplications),
but
without
compensatory
mechanisms,
they
also
lead
to
dysregulation
and
pathologies.
Sex
chromosomes
are
a
paradigmatic
example
of
naturally
occurring
differences
their
compensation.
In
species
with
chromosome-based
sex
determination,
individuals
within
the
same
population
necessarily
show
'natural'
for
chromosomes.
this
Review,
we
focus
on
mammalian
X
chromosome
discuss
recent
new
insights
into
dosage-compensation
mechanisms
that
evolved
along
emergence
chromosomes,
namely
X-inactivation
X-upregulation.
We
evolution
genetic
loci
molecular
players
involved,
as
well
regulatory
diversity
potentially
different
requirements
compensation
across
species.
Language: Английский
Ethical assessment of genome resource banking (GRB) in wildlife conservation
Cryobiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
117, P. 104956 - 104956
Published: Sept. 13, 2024
Genome
Resources
Banks
(GRBs)
represent
vital
repositories
for
the
systematic
collection,
storage,
and
management
of
genetic
material
across
various
taxa,
with
a
primary
objective
safeguarding
diversity
research
practical
applications.
Alongside
development
assisted
reproductive
techniques
(ART),
GRBs
have
evolved
into
indispensable
tools
in
conservation,
offering
opportunities
species
preservation,
mitigating
inbreeding
risks,
facilitating
fragmented
populations.
By
preserving
information
suspended
state,
serve
as
backups
against
population
vulnerabilities,
potentially
aiding
restoration
endangered
extending
their
lifespan.
While
evidence
demonstrates
efficacy
GRBs,
ethical
considerations
surrounding
biobanking
procedures
wildlife
conservation
remain
largely
unexplored.
In
this
article,
we
will
discuss
possible
issues
related
to
need
ethically
monitor
conservation.
We
then
propose
methodological
tool,
ETHAS,
already
use
self-assessment
reproduction
techniques,
assess
also
procedures.
ETHAS
can
make
it
GRB
from
its
design
phase
actual
operation,
helping
build
that
meet
high
standards.
Language: Английский
Single-cell multiome uncovers differences in glycogen metabolism underlying species-specific speed of development
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 3, 2024
Abstract
Embryos
from
different
mammalian
species
develop
at
characteristic
timescales.
These
timescales
are
recapitulated
during
the
differentiation
of
pluripotent
stem
cells
in
vitro
.
Specific
genes
and
molecular
pathways
that
modulate
cell
speed
between
remain
to
be
determined.
Here
we
use
single-cell
multi-omic
analysis
neural
mouse,
cynomolgus
human
identify
regulators
for
speed.
We
demonstrate
species-specific
transcriptome
dynamics
mirrored
chromatin
level,
but
is
insensitive
manipulations
growth
cycling.
Exploiting
resolution
our
data,
glycogen
storage
levels
regulated
by
UDP-glucose
pyrophosphorylase
2
(UGP2)
as
a
species-dependent
trait
cells,
show
lowered
UGP2
mutant
associated
with
accelerated
differentiation.
The
control
energy
could
general
strategy
regulation
Language: Английский