Spatial variation in density of American black bears in northern Yellowstone National Park DOI Creative Commons
Nathaniel R. Bowersock, Andrea R. Litt, Michael A. Sawaya

et al.

Journal of Wildlife Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 88(1)

Published: Sept. 25, 2023

Abstract The quality and availability of resources are known to influence spatial patterns animal density. In Yellowstone National Park, relationships between the distribution grizzly bears ( Ursus arctos ) have been explored but yet be examined in American black americanus ). We conducted non‐invasive genetic sampling during 2017–2018 (mid‐May mid‐July) applied spatially explicit capture‐recapture models estimate density examine associations with landscape features. both years, estimates were higher forested vegetation communities, which provide food thermal security cover preferred by bears, compared non‐forested areas. 2017, also varied sex, female densities being than males. Based on our estimates, northern range Park supports one highest (20 bears/100 km 2 Rocky Mountains (6–12 other regions). Given these high densities, could wildlife populations more previously thought, such as through displacement sympatric predators from kills. Our study provides first for within an ecosystem that contains majority North America's large mammal species. a baseline can used future research management decisions including efforts reduce human–bear conflicts.

Language: Английский

Demographic effects of road mortality on mammalian populations: a systematic review DOI Creative Commons
Lauren J. Moore, Silviu O. Petrovan, Adam J. Bates

et al.

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 98(4), P. 1033 - 1050

Published: Feb. 26, 2023

In light of rapidly expanding road networks worldwide, there is increasing global awareness the growing amount mammalian roadkill. However, ways in which mortality affects population dynamics different species remains largely unclear. We aimed to categorise demographic parameters populations around world that are directly or indirectly affected by mortality, as well identify most effective study designs for quantifying population-level consequences mortality. conducted a comprehensive systematic review synthesise literature published between 2000 and 2021 out 11,238 unique studies returned, 83 were retained comprising 69 150 populations. A bias towards research-intensive countries larger mammals was apparent. Although searches five languages, all meeting inclusion criteria English. Relatively few (13.3%) provided relevant context roadkill figures, hampering understanding impacts on persistence. categorised direct mortality: sex- age-biased percentage killed roads per year (values up 50% reported), contribution total rates (up 80%), during inter-patch long-distance movements. Female-biased may be more prevalent than previously recognised likely critical dynamics. Roadkill greatest source 28% studied both additive compensatory mechanisms found occur, bringing varied challenges conservation roads. addition, intra-specific differences effects common. This highlights relative importance specific configuration habitat quality surrounding can vary. Road ecology collect data key life parameters, such age/stage/sex-specific survival dispersal success, use combination methods long-term impacts. Quantifying an important yet complex consideration proactive management.

Language: Английский

Citations

37
Partial COVID-19 closure of a national park reveals negative influence of low-impact recreation on wildlife spatiotemporal ecology DOI Creative Commons
Alissa K. Anderson,

John S. Waller,

Daniel H. Thornton

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Abstract Human presence exerts complex effects on the ecology of species, which has implications for biodiversity persistence in protected areas experiencing increasing human recreation levels. However, difficulty separating effect species from other environmental or disturbance gradients remains a challenge. The cessation activity that occurred with COVID-19 restrictions provides ‘natural experiment’ to better understand influence wildlife. Here, we use closure within heavily visited and highly national park (Glacier National Park, MT, USA) examine how ‘low-impact’ recreational hiking affects spatiotemporal diverse mammal community. Based data collected camera traps when was closed then subsequently open recreation, found consistent negative responses across most our assemblage 24 fewer detections, reduced site use, decreased daytime activity. Our results suggest dual mandates parks conserve promote have potential be conflict, even presumably innocuous activities. There is an urgent need fitness consequences these changes inform management decisions areas.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Prerequisites for coexistence: human pressure and refuge habitat availability shape continental-scale habitat use patterns of a large carnivore DOI Creative Commons
Julian Oeser, Marco Heurich, Stephanie Kramer‐Schadt

et al.

Landscape Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(7), P. 1713 - 1728

Published: March 31, 2023

Abstract Context Adjustments in habitat use by large carnivores can be a key factor facilitating their coexistence with people shared landscapes. Landscape composition might determining how adapt to occurring alongside humans, yet broad-scale analyses investigating adjustments of across gradients human pressure and landscape are lacking. Objectives Here, we investigate Eurasian lynx ( Lynx ) response varying availability refuge habitats (i.e., forests rugged terrain) modification. Methods Using tracking dataset including 434 individuals from seven populations, assess functional responses two spatial scales, testing for variation sex, daytime, season. Results We found that more intensively increasing modification selecting most strongly otherwise open landscapes terrain mountainous regions. Moreover, higher forest enabled place home ranges human-modified Human also shaped temporal patterns use, reducing areas during periods high exposure (daytime) or vulnerability (postnatal period) pressure. Conclusions Our findings suggest remarkable adaptive capacity towards underline the importance scales enabling between people. More broadly, highlight determines thus play an important role shaping carnivore distributions.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Factors determining roadkills in a mammal carnivore are road-type specific DOI Creative Commons
Guillermo Carmona, Emílio Virgós, Tamara Burgos

et al.

Mammalian Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 104(2), P. 175 - 183

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Abstract Roads threaten the conservation of many wildlife species. Carnivores are one most susceptible groups due to their habitat requirements. We explored roadkill patterns European polecats ( Mustela putorious ) on motorways and roads investigate if these depend road type, a research topic frequently neglected in literature. studied 85 roadkills 73 roads, corresponding number random points with no every type. characterized them 7 road-related variables. Roadkill sites were significantly associated abundance rabbit burrows. However, this effect was stronger motorways, as they provide more suitable for establishment prey species wider rights-of-way, or interchange islands, which wide unused spaces. In contrast, islands conventional that simple intersections have narrower rights-of-way. Furthermore, occurred areas lower agricultural cover. Thus, natural habitats roadsides could act alternative foraging carnivore increasing risk. Our results showed need consider characteristics such availability surrounding habitat, well intrinsic type when studying road-type-mediated demand-specific mitigation measures.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
The difference in roaming behavior between owned and unowned dogs in a satoyama landscape area DOI

Tsung-Han Kuo,

Gau-Ming Chang,

Pin‐Huan Yu

et al.

Applied Animal Behaviour Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106521 - 106521

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Ecological traits predict mammal temporal responses to land development but not human presence DOI Creative Commons
Mingzhang Liu, Fei Duan,

Jiangyue Wang

et al.

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e03507 - e03507

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Smartphone app reveals that lynx avoid human recreationists on local scale, but not home range scale DOI Creative Commons
Neri Horntvedt Thorsen, Richard Bischof, Jenny Mattisson

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: March 21, 2022

Abstract Outdoor recreation is increasing and affects habitat use selection by wildlife. These effects are challenging to study, especially for elusive species with large spatial requirements, as it hard obtain reliable proxies of recreational intensity over extensive areas. Commonly used proxies, such the density of, or distance to, hiking paths, ignore outdoor occurring on other linear feature types. Here we utilized crowdsourced data from Strava training app a large-scale proxy pedestrian in southeast Norway. We GPS-tracking collared Eurasian lynx ( Lynx ) investigate how at home range scale local during summer. fitted resource functions two scales using conditional logistic regression. Our analysis revealed that avoided areas activity scale, but not scale. Nonetheless, frequently associated recreation, greater degree night than day. results suggest local-scale avoidance temporal adjustments mitigate need range-scale response towards recreation. Scale-dependent responses may facilitate coexistence between humans carnivores.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Landscape of risk: responses of grey wolves to lethal control in a mosaic landscape DOI Creative Commons
Shlomo Preiss-Bloom, Hila Shamon,

Dror Ben‐Ami

et al.

European Journal of Wildlife Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 71(2)

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Variation in human diel activity patterns mediates periodic increases in recreational activity on mammal behavioural response: investigating the presence of a temporal ‘weekend effect’ DOI
Austin M. Green,

Emily Young,

Hailey Keller

et al.

Animal Behaviour, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 198, P. 117 - 129

Published: March 16, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Seasonal activity patterns and home range sizes of wolves in the human‐dominated landscape of northeast Türkiye DOI Creative Commons
J. David Blount, Austin M. Green, Mark William Chynoweth

et al.

Wildlife Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(6)

Published: June 19, 2024

Gray wolves Canis lupus comprise one of the most widely distributed carnivore species on planet, but they face myriad environmental and anthropogenic pressures. Previous research suggests that adjust their time‐ space‐use seasonally to mitigate risks from humans, conspecifics, other predators while maximizing hunting reproductive success. With many populations resettling in areas with dense human populations, understanding how may temporal spatial patterns these more human‐dominated landscapes is high conservation importance. Typically, presence causes increase nocturnality home range size. Here, we look at seasonal size diel activity among resident non‐resident differ an ecosystem experiences significant differences between seasons. While had larger ranges than wolves, there were no sizes within residents non‐residents seasons, suggesting changes effect The similar greater overlap humans active when less present landscape. Both showed increased nocturnality, both groups selecting for strongly nomadic season. This first study tracking Türkiye's offers descriptions trends GPS‐collared this highly environment.

Language: Английский

Citations

3