The effects of urbanization on pollinators and pollination: A meta‐analysis

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 1629 - 1642

Published: June 22, 2023

Urbanization is increasing worldwide, with major impacts on biodiversity, species interactions and ecosystem functioning. Pollination an function vital for terrestrial ecosystems food security; however, the processes underlying patterns of pollinator diversity services they provide in cities have seldom been quantified. Here, we perform a comprehensive meta-analysis 133 studies examining effects urbanization pollinators pollination. Our results confirm widespread negative richness abundance, Lepidoptera being most affected group. Furthermore, responses were found to be trait-specific, below-ground nesting solitary Hymenoptera, spring flyers more severely by urbanization. Meanwhile, promote non-native pollinators, which may exacerbate conservation risks native species. Surprisingly, despite diversity, pollination service measured as seed set enhanced non-tropical likely due abundant generalists managed therein. We emphasize that local flowering plants could mitigate diversity. Overall, demonstrate varying magnitudes multiple moderators urban help guide actions biodiversity sustainable future.

Language: Английский

---

Daphnia as a model organism to probe biological responses to nanomaterials—from individual to population effects via adverse outcome pathways

Frontiers in Toxicology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: April 14, 2023

The importance of the cladoceran

Language: Английский

---

Environmental and anthropogenic drivers of invasive plant diversity and distribution in the Himalaya

Ecological Informatics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81, P. 102586 - 102586

Published: April 3, 2024

Invasive alien species (IAS) are currently considered as one of the major drivers global environmental change. To manage IAS, it is crucial to identify different and associated anthropogenic that contribute invasion non-native regions. Although multiple have been identified at a scale, relative roles these known vary considerably regional scales. Here, we investigate role key in determining diversity distribution selected invasive plant Kashmir Himalaya. We generated an extensive dataset through field sampling across region supplemented with novel herbarium records. also extracted data on relevant (climatic, soil topographic) for study region. The random forest model was employed quantify contribution determine two common metrics (species richness abundance) plants. found water content followed by distance city, maximum air temperature, pH, temperature human population density exerted greatest influence species. Species abundance significantly affected slope, pH density. Overall, our findings help disentangling individual interactive invasions, wide-ranging implications management this Himalayan similar landscapes elsewhere.

Language: Английский

---

Satellite remote sensing data reveal increased slope climbing of urban land expansion worldwide

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 235, P. 104755 - 104755

Published: March 27, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Driving effects of land use and landscape pattern on different spontaneous plant life forms along urban river corridors in a fast-growing city

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 876, P. 162775 - 162775

Published: March 11, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Neopolyploidy increases stress tolerance and reduces fitness plasticity across multiple urban pollutants: support for the “general-purpose” genotype hypothesis

Evolution Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 416 - 426

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Whole-genome duplication is a common macromutation with extensive impacts on gene expression, cellular function, and whole-organism phenotype. As result, it has been proposed that polyploids have “general-purpose” genotypes perform better than their diploid progenitors under stressful conditions. Here, we test this hypothesis in the context of stresses presented by anthropogenic pollutants. Specifically, tested how multiple neotetraploid genetic lineages mostly asexually reproducing greater duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) across favorable control environment 5 urban pollutants (iron, salt, manganese, copper, aluminum). By quantifying population growth rate over generations, found most pollutants, but not all, polyploidy decreased actively growing propagules increased dormant ones. Yet, when considering total propagule production, tolerance to maintained population-level fitness diploids. Furthermore, broad-sense correlations among were all positive neopolyploids so for Our results provide rare support are more tolerant conditions can maintain diploids heterogeneous stresses. These may help predict be likely persist environments, such as those caused urbanization other human activities.

Language: Английский

---

Ecological traits predict population trends of urban birds in Europe

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 160, P. 111926 - 111926

Published: March 1, 2024

The population dynamics of urban animals has been so far remarkably understudied. At the same time, species' trends can provide important information on consequences environmental changes in cities. We modelled long-term 93 bird species breeding areas 16 European countries as a function traits, characterising variability their urbanization and ecology. found that: (i) earlier colonisers have more negative than recent colonisers; (ii) urbanized open habitat had positive less species; (iii) highly birds above ground breeders. These patterns be explained by several processes occurring cities well outside city borders. Namely, pre-industrial might struggle to persist rapidly changing areas, limiting foraging opportunities birds. Open habitats are under pressure intensive agricultural exploitation rural which may negatively affect populations In contrast, do not experience such keeping positive. Differences between above-ground breeders suggest that latter lose modern buildings suitable sites. Our results indicate even once successful, dwellers keep pace with but these also for biodiversity.

Language: Английский

---

Cities of the Anthropocene: urban sustainability in an eco-evolutionary perspective

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 379(1893)

Published: Nov. 13, 2023

Cities across the globe are driving systemic change in social and ecological systems by accelerating rates of interactions intensifying links between human activities Earth's ecosystems, thereby expanding scale influence on fundamental processes that sustain life. Increasing evidence shows cities not only alter biodiversity, they genetic makeup many populations, including animals, plants, fungi microorganisms. Urban-driven rapid evolution species traits might have significant effects socially relevant ecosystem functions such as nutrient cycling, pollination, water air purification food production. Despite increasing causing evolutionary change, current urban sustainability strategies often overlook these dynamics. The dominant perspectives guide essentially static, focusing preserving biodiversity its present state or restoring it to pre-urban conditions. This paper provides a overview socio-eco-evolutionary transition associated with global urbanization. Using examples observed changes play role maintaining function resilience, I propose significantly impact sustainability. Incorporating an eco-evolutionary perspective into science planning is crucial for effectively reimagining Anthropocene. article part theme issue ‘Evolution sustainability: gathering strands Anthropocene synthesis’.

Language: Английский

---

Urbanized lands degrade surrounding grasslands by deteriorating the interactions between plants and soil microbiome

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

To mitigate overgrazing on grasslands, towns were constructed in some pastoral regions of China to relocate pastoralists. Nevertheless, whether and how the urbanized lands impact surrounding grassland ecosystem remains unclear. We assessed impacts plant soil interactions within grasslands order ensure an eco-sustainable pastoralist relocation. The town with 1 km radius was selected as urbanization sample a nature sample. Plants investigated (NG), areas (T-1 km), 2 (T-2 3 (T-3 km) from center town. In T-1 T-2 km, compared NG, diversity, abundance dominant species, wood saprotroph fungi, water content (SWC), total organic carbon (TOC) decreased, while pathogen pH, phosphatase (TP) increased. Conversely, no such changes observed T-3 km. results Mantel test Partial least squares path model suggest that decrease TOC SWC, along increase pH TP lead decline fungi ultimately resulting reductions diversity species. These indicate can degradation by deteriorating plant-soil interactions.

Language: Английский

---

Copper‐Induced Transgenerational Plasticity in Plant Defence Boosts Aphid Fitness

Plant Cell & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Transgenerational plasticity in plants is an increasingly recognized phenomenon, yet it mostly unclear whether transgenerational relevant to both the fitness of plant and its interacting species. Using monoclonal strains giant duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) native herbivore, waterlily aphid (Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae), we assessed pre-treating with copper excess, indoors outdoors, induces defences that alter herbivore fitness. Outdoors, pre-treatment tended increase growth rates under recurring excess. Indoors, either increased or decreased conditions, depending on genotype. Copper induced anthocyanins protected against toxicity, these elevated levels were transgenerationally retained. also 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a jasmonate precursor. Nevertheless, aphids grew up 50% better when pre-treated copper. The was likely caused by OPDA levels, as jasmonates externally applied plants. Taken together, this study shows fitness, which highlights role evolution species interactions.

Language: Английский

---