Carbon and nitrogen cycling on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(10), P. 701 - 716

Published: Sept. 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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Global soil profiles indicate depth-dependent soil carbon losses under a warmer climate

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Sept. 20, 2022

Soil organic carbon (SOC) changes under future climate warming are difficult to quantify in situ. Here we apply an innovative approach combining space-for-time substitution with meta-analysis SOC measurements 113,013 soil profiles across the globe estimate effect of on steady-state stocks. We find that stock will reduce by 6.0 ± 1.6% (mean±95% confidence interval), 4.8 2.3% and 1.3 4.0% at 0-0.3, 0.3-1 1-2 m depths, respectively, 1 °C air warming, additional 4.2%, 2.2% 1.4% losses per every respectively. The largest proportional occur boreal forests. Existing level is predominant determinant spatial variability higher percentage SOC-rich soils. Our work demonstrates induces more topsoil than subsoil, particularly from high-latitudinal systems.

Language: Английский

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Persistent and enhanced carbon sequestration capacity of alpine grasslands on Earth’s Third Pole

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(20)

Published: May 17, 2023

The carbon sequestration capacity of alpine grasslands, composed meadows and steppes, in the Tibetan Plateau has an essential role regulating regional cycle. However, inadequate understanding its spatiotemporal dynamics regulatory mechanisms restricts our ability to determine potential climate change impacts. We assessed spatial temporal patterns net ecosystem exchange (NEE) dioxide Plateau. grasslands ranged from 26.39 79.19 Tg C year-1 had increasing rate 1.14 between 1982 2018. While were relatively strong sinks, semiarid arid steppes nearly neutral. Alpine meadow areas experienced increases mainly because temperatures, while steppe weak due precipitation. Carbon on plateau undergone persistent enhancement under a warmer wetter climate.

Language: Английский

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A global meta-analysis on the effects of organic and inorganic fertilization on grasslands and croplands

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 22, 2024

Abstract A central role for nature-based solution is to identify optimal management practices address environmental challenges, including carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation. Inorganic fertilization increases plant aboveground biomass but often causes a tradeoff with diversity loss. It remains unclear, however, whether organic fertilization, as potential solution, could alter this by increasing without Here we compile data from 537 experiments on inorganic across grasslands croplands worldwide evaluate the responses of biomass, diversity, soil (SOC). Both increase 56% 42% relative ambient, respectively. However, only decreases while in greater water content. Moreover, SOC 19% 15% ambient The positive effect mean annual temperature grasslands, pattern not observed croplands. Collectively, our findings highlight that can two ecosystem services forage production, storage,

Language: Английский

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Microbial metabolic response to winter warming stabilizes soil carbon

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(10), P. 2011 - 2028

Published: Feb. 4, 2021

Abstract Current consensus on global climate change predicts warming trends with more pronounced temperature changes in winter than summer the Northern Hemisphere at high latitudes. Moderate increases soil are generally related to faster rates of organic carbon (SOC) decomposition ecosystems, but there is evidence that SOC stocks have remained remarkably stable or even increased Tibetan Plateau under these conditions. This intriguing observation points altered microbial mediation carbon‐cycling feedbacks this region might be seasonal warming. study investigated unexplained stabilization observed by quantifying responses experimental a typical alpine meadow. Ecosystem respiration was reduced 17%–38% compared year‐round no and coincided decreased abundances fungi functional genes control labile decomposition. Compared warming, slowed macroaggregate turnover 1.6 times, fine intra‐aggregate particulate matter content 75%, stabilized microaggregates within macroaggregates 56%. Larger bacterial “necromass” (amino sugars) concentrations 12% increase carboxyl‐C. These results indicate enhanced physical preservation emphasize role microorganisms aggregate life cycles. In summary, divergent persistence soils exposed explained slowing increasing protection microbially derived compounds. Consequently, response may cause negative should considered Earth system models.

Language: Английский

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Mobilization of soil phosphate after 8 years of warming is linked to plant phosphorus‐acquisition strategies in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(24), P. 6578 - 6591

Published: Oct. 5, 2021

Abstract Phosphorus (P) is essential for productivity of alpine grassland ecosystems, which are sensitive to global warming. We tested the hypotheses that (1) mobilized ‘calcium‐bound inorganic P’ (Ca‐P i ) a major source plant‐available P in meadows with alkaline soils after long‐term warming, (2) mobilization Ca‐P linked effective plant carboxylate‐releasing P‐acquisition strategies under and (3) also related nitrogen (N)‐acquisition. conducted an 8‐year warming experiment meadow (4635 m above sea level) on Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau. A significant increase concentration both aboveground belowground biomass indicates increased assimilation by plants observed decrease , no change moderately‐labile organic P, highly resistant There was phosphatase activities. Our results indicate rather than Higher leaf manganese concentrations sedges forbs carboxylates released these key mechanism mobilization. The insignificant Rhizobiales very small cover legumes show minor role N‐acquisition solubilizing phosphate. relative abundance mycorrhizal fungi bacteria cycling shows contribution microorganisms N N:P ratio grasses sedge reflect distinct responses nutrient status due differences strategies. highlight important effects strategies, especially changes meadows.

Language: Английский

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Effects of soil warming and straw return on soil organic matter and greenhouse gas fluxes in winter wheat seasons in the North China Plain

Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 356, P. 131810 - 131810

Published: April 18, 2022

Language: Английский

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Responses of carbon cycling and soil organic carbon content to nitrogen addition in grasslands globally

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 186, P. 109164 - 109164

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

Understanding how N addition status (i.e., duration, rate, and form of addition) impacts carbon (C) cycling has great implications for C storage prediction grassland management. We examined 257 studies related to in grasslands obtained a dataset 1073 observations meta-analysis. significantly increased plant input (plant above-ground biomass +49.1%, below-ground +16.6%; litterfall +17.4%; dissolved organic +16.4%) across natural globally. For loss processes, enhanced litter decomposition by 9.2% decreased soil respiration 1.1%. In topsoil, microbial was reduced 8.7% (SOC) content 3.1%. fluxes, gross primary productivity ecosystem 24.7% 11.7% respectively, leading negative net exchange. These results indicated that were sinks under addition. Besides climate, the duration most important factor affecting cycling. The response SOC with time but weakened after decade, associated accumulative effects N-induced acidification. at any rate or temperate grassland/meadow while other depended on status. There higher contents lowest exchange low rates Therefore, should be limited 60 kg ha−1 yr−1 increase production globally maintain function as sink. More attention paid acidification improve theoretical models help management practices policies.

Language: Английский

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Soil organic matter enhances aboveground biomass in alpine grassland under drought

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 433, P. 116430 - 116430

Published: March 28, 2023

Increasing the resilience of plant productivity to drought is crucial for provisioning ecosystem services. Although soil organic matter (SOM) promotes growth, whether SOM mitigates aboveground biomass (AGB) loss due in alpine grasslands remains unclear. Here, we evaluated link between AGB and across 209 grassland sites along a 3,500-km aridity gradient on Tibetan Plateau. We observed that decreased response increasing severity only when level was above threshold 0.37. further found stronger positive relationship more arid conditions than less ones, with an abrupt increase beyond 0.64. Our results confirm alleviates stress AGB, mainly by reducing bulk density, fine fraction aggregates, cation exchange capacity. The identified thresholds mechanisms emphasise importance carbon sequestration strategies production climate change mitigation areas.

Language: Английский

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Carbon Emissions From Chinese Inland Waters: Current Progress and Future Challenges

Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 129(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract Inland waters are significant emitters of greenhouse gases for the atmosphere and play an important role in global carbon cycle. With a vast land area East Asia spanning broad range climatic conditions, China has large number natural human‐made water bodies. These inland systems importance because their high emission fluxes. Over past decades, experienced unprecedented environmental changes driven by rapid economic development, which have profoundly modified its biogeochemistry associated emissions. This review focuses on dioxide (CO 2 ) methane (CH 4 dynamics from China's response to change. Major drivers CO CH emissions, including aquatic metabolism, hydrological factors, prevailing human impacts, examined. To advance our understanding emissions waters, we further identify several critical knowledge gaps, such as inadequate research headwater streams climate‐sensitive Tibetan Plateau ecosystems. Furthermore, insufficient undergoing extensive interventions (e.g., damming, flow regulation, pollution, farming practices aquaculture ponds) is highlighted. We suggest that future efforts should be made better capture spatiotemporal heterogeneity dissolved concentrations fluxes across well long‐term trends. overcome uncertainties sources current flux estimates, mechanistically understand transport transformation Chinese underlying processes particularly needed.

Language: Английский

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