Carbon sequestration in soils and climate change mitigation—Definitions and pitfalls

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

Abstract The term carbon (C) sequestration has not just become a buzzword but is something of siren's call to scientific communicators and media outlets. Carbon the removal C from atmosphere storage, for example, in soil. It potential partially compensate anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions is, therefore, an important piece global climate change mitigation puzzle. However, often used misleadingly and, while likely unintentional, can lead perpetuation biased conclusions exaggerated expectations about its contribution efforts. Soils have considerable take up many are also state continuous loss. In such soils, measures build soil may only reduction losses (C loss mitigation) rather than result real negative emissions. examination 100 recent peer‐reviewed papers on topics surrounding C, 4% were found correctly. Furthermore, 13% equated with stocks. review, further, revealed that leading will always when non‐CO 2 gases leakage taken into consideration. This paper highlights pitfalls using incorrectly calls accurate usage this going forward. Revised new terms suggested distinguish clearly between SOC mitigation, emissions, accrual avoid miscommunication among scientists stakeholder groups future.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of carbon sequestration potential of mining areas under ecological restoration in China

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 921, P. 171179 - 171179

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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The importance of multi‐species grassland leys to enhance ecosystem services in crop rotations

Grass and Forage Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79(2), P. 120 - 134

Published: March 29, 2024

Abstract The ongoing simplification of agricultural production systems has resulted in several negative consequences, ranging from losses soil organic carbon and biodiversity to a high dependency on external inputs maintain yields. We identify how grassland leys crop rotations may help mitigate these effects, by conserving enhancing nutrient efficiency. In particular, grasslands containing legumes enhance benefits providing nitrogen, displacement mineral N fertilizer. rotations, transfer some the acquired nitrogen arable follow‐on crops, thereby reducing necessity for inputs, while at same time additional benefits, such as improvement quality reduction weed pressure. However, there are still considerable knowledge gaps about optimize community composition best supply ecosystem services. Although multi‐species have been shown repeatedly across large gradient environments, further research is required determine particularly different environmental conditions. Here, we emphasize importance multi‐site research, network LegacyNet. Finally, present management techniques that optimized both services agronomic performance mechanically cut grazed systems. For latter, consider inclusion bioactive plant species can animal health lower methane emissions grazing ruminants.

Language: Английский

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Interactive effects of soil erosion and mechanical compaction on soil DOC dynamics and CO2 emissions in sloping arable land

CATENA, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 238, P. 107906 - 107906

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Soil carbon maintained by perennial grasslands over 30 years but lost in field crop systems in a temperate Mollisol

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: July 3, 2024

Abstract To mitigate climate change, some seek to store carbon from the atmosphere in agricultural soils. However, our understanding about how agriculture affects soil organic is muddied by studies (1) lacking longitudinal data, (2) ignoring bulk density changes, or (3) sampling only surface better understand trends, here we measured changes over 30 years density-corrected, full-soil-depth (90 cm) stocks under 6 cropping systems and a restored prairie Mollisol of southern Wisconsin, USA. Cash-grain alfalfa-based lost carbon. Prairie rotationally-grazed pasture maintained Average losses for cash-grain were −0.80 (±0.12) −0.54 (±0.13) Mg C ha −1 yr , respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that incomplete methodologies overestimated improvements. Our findings using more comprehensive methods demonstrate inadequacy row-crop need well-managed grasslands protect productive soils Upper Midwest

Language: Английский

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Spatially Explicit Linkages Between Redox Potential Cycles and Soil Moisture Fluctuations

Water Resources Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59(3)

Published: Feb. 17, 2023

Abstract Reduction‐oxidation cycles measured through soil redox potential ( E h ) are associated with dynamic microbial activity. Understanding changes in the composition of, and resource use by, communities requires predictability under shifting hydrologic drivers. Here, 50‐cm column installations manipulated to vary geochemical conditions, extensively monitored by a dense instrumental deployment record depth‐time variation of physical biogeochemical conditions. We contrast measurements , saturation key compounds water samples (probing majority metabolisms) computations relevant state variables, investigate interplay between moisture dynamics. Our results highlight importance joint spatially resolved flow/transport processes, worth contrasting experiments for sufficient understanding dynamics, minimum amount biogeochemistry needed characterize dynamics electron donors/acceptors that responsible patterns not directly explained oxic/anoxic transitions. As an example, concentrations sulfate, ammonium iron II suggest coexistence both oxic anoxic find local velocity (a threshold value time derivative saturation) exerts significant hysteretic control on oxygen intrusion cycling potentials, approaches using single level as determinant findings improve our ability target how where hotspots activity develop within communities.

Language: Английский

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Conservation Practices Boost Soil-Protected Organic Carbon Stocks in Olive Orchards

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 1354 - 1354

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Carbon farming practices are pivotal for enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in agricultural systems. This study focuses on evaluating the effects of spontaneous cover crops as a conservation strategy compared to conventional management total, non-protected, and protected SOC fractions, well saturation, olive groves across 13 paired sites (26 total) Andalucía, Spain. The research evaluates concentrations different fractions: non-protected (250–2000 µm), physically (53–250 chemically (<53 µm). results reveal that managed with temporary (CC) over last 8–12 years generally exhibit higher those conventionally (BS), significant differences observed multiple sites. CC exhibited stocks, averaging 42.6 Mg C ha−1 29.7 BS, at 10.3 versus 4.8 ha−1. A direct relationship was identified between total both indicating studies orchards is far from being saturated SOC. Moreover, farms had lower saturation deficit (45.3%) BS (67.2%). findings show maintaining significantly contributed sequestration reduced deficits by increasing stocks

Language: Английский

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Crop Rotation With Ley and Nitrogen Fertilisation Reduced Soil Carbon Loss in Three Swedish Long‐Term Field Experiments

European Journal of Soil Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 76(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks by improving cropland management practices has great potential to mitigate climate change. Long‐term field experiments (LTEs) are valuable study effects on properties and crop yield. Yet most LTE studies limited the topsoil, farming systems integrating multiple strategies often not assessed. This used three Swedish LTEs assess of rotations fertilisation SOC changes. One arable rotation with only annual crops a ley annuals, perennial receiving manure were investigated at different application rates mineral fertilisers. We analysed changes in content distribution depths, calculated C inputs phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) evaluate how affected relation microbial communities. Both lost 0–20 cm topsoil from 1966 2019 across sites, but sandy site more than clayey sites. The nitrogen (N) reduced losses. In 2019, top 25 3.3 ± 1.6 Mg ha −1 higher compared 2.9 N highest rate no fertilisation. However, positive decreased depth became negative some depths. As result, differences an equivalent 60 declined 0.6 2.4 for 1.0 had significantly belowground rotation, highly associated SOC. Compared total PLFAs, bacterial PLFAs ratio bacteria fungi partly attributed application. Our supports beneficial leys amendments crops. It also highlights risk losing subsoil, especially under Site characteristics helped explain large variation, which must be considered when developing local accrual cropland.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Long-Term Different Land Uses on Improving Stable Humic Compounds in Arenosol

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 250 - 250

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

There has not been enough research conducted on the effect of land use composition humus in Arenosols. This long-term study (1995–2022) aimed to determine differences formation humic compounds natural and agricultural ecosystems Soil samples were collected from six plots at two soil depths (0–15 15–25 cm), with four replicates. Conclusions reached based results accumulation substances (HSs) their qualitative fractional composition, C/N ratio, humification degree (HD), optical properties substances. Afforestation, after 27 years, significantly increased (+6.7 g kg−1) organic carbon (SOC) influenced HS: HA + FA 79.3% SOC. Grassland cultivation showed faster (+3.8 SOC sequestration, a higher HA/FA an HD. Arenosols may be used crop rotation approximately 40% leguminous plants maintain stable balance. Additionally, effects mineral fertilisers processes quality +2.59 kg−1 SOC, +1.27 humin rotation, +3.26 2.82 grass field established. For larger amount better quality, it is recommended that Arenosol used, as suitable for perennial cut grasslands, pine afforestation.

Language: Английский

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From science to practice: The AGSUS protocol for monitoring and certification of sustainable soil management and carbon sequestration

Soil and Tillage Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 241, P. 106102 - 106102

Published: April 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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