Heritability and Selection Using GGE Biplots and the Sustainability Index (SI) of Maize Mutants under Different Cropping Systems in Upland

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 6824 - 6824

Published: April 18, 2023

A good maize plant breeding program must consider the effect of genotype-by-environment interactions (GEIs) and correlation important traits. The purpose this study was to evaluate genetic variation, identify investigate implications GEIs on mutants in order determine ideal genotypes (stable high yield), best intercropping system for mutants, heritability relationships traits tested that are cultivation. This research carried out five different systems Upland West Java, Indonesia. randomized block design with two replications used field experiment. measurement results revealed diversity is broad, six axes having eigenvalues ranging from 8.76 1.07 a cumulative value 76.64%. neighbor-joining tree also showed wide range yielding distinct groups. had significant 14 tested, particularly yield. environment impact variation all tested. cropping selecting mutant Environment 4 (maize + rice). Superior were successfully selected based GGE biplot. Thus, sustainability index (SI) select superior by 20.00%. These methods only 15.00% mutants. One trait has low value, have moderate 17 value. yields correlated positively significantly nine yield Future maize-breeding programs can be data diversity, heritability, relationship as an alternative increasing cultivation income. Selected proposed new genotype candidates.

Language: Английский

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Genetic Variability Studies in Early Segregating Generation of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp subsp unguiculata]

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 151 - 160

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Aims: In a self-pollinated crop like cowpea, most breeding approaches predominantly use different techniques of handling the segregating generations. It is important to select and increase frequency desirable genotypes for efficient management generations gradual improvement characters in material. For selection be efficient, complete knowledge features material terms genetic variability with regard crucial. So objective study was comprehend estimate percentage transgressive segregants. Study Design: The experiment laid out Augmented design II during kharif, 2023. Place Duration Study: current undergone at Botany garden, Department Genetics Plant Breeding, University Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka evaluate 36 F4 families six checks kharif Methodology: Observations were taken ten yield related traits viz., total (kg/ha), single plant (g), number pods per plant, test weight seeds pod, pod length (cm), clusters cluster, days fifty cent flowering maturity. Analysis variance (ANOVA) diverse crosses pedigree along grain type cowpea carried augmented as proposed by Federer Raghavarao, 1975. Different parameters estimated characterize nature amount variability. Percentage transressive segregants calculated using mean±1 SD all characters. Results: variances between shown highly significant among under study. All exhibited high heritability (>60%) except trait cluster. High coupled advance (>20%) obtained (kg/ha) (71.00% 43.59%), (g) (76.18% 35.01%), (71.98% 33.49%), (cm) (75.99% 22.00%) (64.90% 30.02%), indicating possibility effective these Highest revealed (19.44%) (19.44%). Conclusion: Sufficient present ensures profound scope which turn indicates population.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive Morphological Characterization of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Genotypes for Enhanced Breeding Programs in Jammu and Kashmir

Current Agriculture Research Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 1257 - 1267

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is an important legume crop that recognized for its adaptability to diverse climates and nutritional value. In Jammu Kashmir, however, genetic diversity limited, hindering full yield potential. This study aimed characterize 72 cowpea genotypes from various regions of Kashmir through Distinctness, Uniformity, Stability (DUS) characterization. Twenty-four agro-morphological traits were assessed following the guidelines Protection Plant Varieties Farmers' Rights Authority (PPV&FRA). Key traits, such as stem color, flowering time, pod length, growth habit, seed characteristics, evaluated distinctness breeding The analysis identified promising C15 (medium length black eye color), CP23-3 (high count), C32 (spreading late maturity), TPTC-29 (early flowering, erect growth), C28 (tan medium size), KDC-39 count per pod, flowering). exhibited favorable early robust growth, strong attachment, varied maturity, supporting programs at improving in climate-stressed regions.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of genetic diversity in agronomic traits among dual-purpose cowpea genotypes in Kenya

African Crop Science Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 32(4), P. 325 - 356

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Availability of diverse genetic materials is central in any plant breeding programme. Genetic diversity important ensuring survival a species; and buffering crops from climate change effects through crop improvement programmes. The objective this study was to determine the among panel dual purpose cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) genotypes inform programmes Kenya. conducted at Jomo Kenyata University Agriculture Technology (JKUAT) Demonstration Farm Kenya; during four cropping seasons (2021-2022). A total 224 dual-purpose were evaluated using an alpha lattice design with two replications. Data recorded on agronomic traits, subsequently subjected correlation principal component analysis (PCA), biplot hierarchical cluster analyses. Total grain yields positively correlated (P<0.05) yield per row pods plant-1. Principal dissected variation into three components, namely PC1, PC2 PC3. first PCs (with eigenvalues >1), accounted for 71.6% variability accessions. PCA Bi-plots showed that plant-1, plant-1 best (farthest origin indicating largest divulgence) traits selection towards Kenyan dual- genotypes. dendrogram also grouped clusters, I (101), II (53) III (70). There congruence between PC grouping accessions, based Euclidean distance; highest values be used improvement. genotypic phenotypic differences accessions could leveraged as basis improvement, crossing parents desired future

Language: Английский

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Genetic variability and association of traits in common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes in Sekota, North Eastern Ethiopia

CABI Agriculture and Bioscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Abstract Common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. ) is one of the most important pulse crops in Ethiopia, contributing to income generation and food security. Information on genetic variability trait associations common Sekota district north Eastern Ethiopia inadequate. This study was initiated with objective assessing variability, heritability association among 64 genotypes for quantitative traits using 8×8 simple lattice design at Dryland Agricltural Reseach site, Aybra main research site during 2023 under rain-fed conditions. Analysis variance (ANOVA) performed SAS software. The analysis revealed highly significant variations all considered study. yield ranged from 1633.1 3702.10 kg ha −1 a mean 2542.53 . There advantage 24.56 55.89% over checks. Pod per plant had high genotypic phenotypic coefficient variation, advance as percentage mean. A moderate variation coupled obtained height, number branches plant, 100 seed weight, yield, harvest index. aboveground biomass index positive correlations levels while days maturity negative correlation level. Generally, presence strong were observed both levels. Therefore, selection based agronomic performance hybridization could be possible improvement area.

Language: Английский

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Morphological variability and genetic diversity assessment of agronomic traits in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) core collection using multivariate analysis

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cowpea genetic diversity, population structure and genome-wide association studies in Malawi: insights for breeding programs

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Introduction This study focuses on cowpea, a vital crop for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Malawi. The research aimed to understand the genetic diversity and population structure of cowpea perform genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identify marker-trait associations (MTAs) yield related traits. These insights are intended support varietal development address agricultural challenges Methods A total 306 genotypes were characterized using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers morphological assessed effects genotype, location, their interactions Fixed Random Model Circulating Probability Unification (FarmCPU) algorithm was used significant MTAs. Results traits showed interaction effects. Genotypes MWcp24, MWcp47, MWcp2232, TVu-3524 yielded highest values. Grain positively correlated with peduncle length, seeds per pod, pods plant. Three distinct clusters identified based Genetic analysis revealed an average minor allele frequency 0.31, observed heterozygosity 0.06, gene 0.33. inbreeding coefficient 0.82, indicating high level inbreeding. Most variation (73.1%) found among within populations. Nine groups ancestral populations identified, which did not entirely overlap geographic origins. Sixteen MTAs linked six Discussion validation these MTAs, along diversity, offers valuable opportunities improvement through marker-assisted selection, addresses faced by Malawian farmers. identification thirty lines as key founder breeding programs Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania is outcome. efforts aim develop more productive region, enhancing food security sustainability.

Language: Английский

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Gains in genetic enhancement of early maturing advanced breeding lines of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)

Ecological Genetics and Genomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100339 - 100339

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Genetic progress in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] stemming from breeding modernization efforts at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

The Plant Genome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(2)

Published: May 22, 2024

Genetic gain has been proposed as a quantifiable key performance indicator that can be used to monitor breeding programs' effectiveness. The cowpea program at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) developed and released improved varieties in 70 countries globally. To quantify genetic changes grain yield related traits, we exploited IITA historical multi-environment trials (METs) advanced trial (AYT) data from 2010 2022. assessment targeted short duration (SD), medium (MD), late (LD) pipelines. A linear mixed model was calculate best unbiased estimates (BLUE). Regressed BLUE by year genotype origin depicted realized 22.75 kg/ha/year (2.65%), 7.91 (0.85%), 22.82 (2.51%) for SD, MD, LD, respectively. No significant 100-seed weight (Hsdwt). We predicted, based on 2022 MET data, recycling genotypes AYT stage would result 37.28 28.00 34.85 (LD), Hsdwt 0.48 g/year 0.68 0.55 (LD). These results demonstrated positive trend cowpea, indicating plateau not yet reached accelerated is expected with recent integration genomics program. Advances include development reference genome, genotyping platforms, quantitative trait loci mapping active implementation molecular breeding.

Language: Английский

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Cowpea Constraints and Breeding in Europe

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1339 - 1339

Published: March 16, 2023

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is a legume with constant rate of cultivation in Southern European countries. Consumer demand for cowpea worldwide rising due to its nutritional content, while Europe constantly attempting reduce the deficit production pulses and invest new, healthy food market products. Although climatic conditions that prevail are not so harsh terms heat drought as tropical climates where mainly cultivated, confronts plethora abiotic biotic stresses yield-limiting factors In this paper, we summarize main constraints breeding methods have been or can be used. A special mention made availability plant genetic resources (PGRs) their potential purposes, aiming promote more sustainable cropping systems shifts become frequent fiercer, environmental degradation expands worldwide.

Language: Английский

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