American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Urology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(2), P. 88 - 99
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Sex-determining
region
Y-box
2
(SOX2)
is
a
transcription
factor
with
central
role
in
embryologic
development.
SOX2
also
an
oncogene
several
cancer
types.
Prior
work
by
our
group
has
shown
activity
associates
cell
cycle
dysregulation
early-stage
bladder
cancer.
The
present
study
was
thus
undertaken
to
broadly
investigate
cancer,
emphasis
on
associations
tumor
stage,
clinical
outcomes,
and
tumorigenicity.
Gene
expression
quantified
immunohistochemistry
established
tissue
microarray
(n=303
cystectomy
specimens,
all
stages)
whole
sections
of
noninvasive
papillary
urothelial
carcinoma
(n=25).
RNA
sequencing
evaluated
non-muscle
invasive
muscle-invasive
cohorts
from
publicly
available
repositories.
By
immunohistochemistry,
expressed
40%
carcinoma,
which
correlated
Cell Death and Disease,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(6)
Published: June 19, 2024
Abstract
With
the
high
incidence
of
urogenital
tumors
worldwide,
urinary
system
are
among
top
10
most
common
in
men,
with
prostate
cancer
ranking
first
and
bladder
fourth.
Patients
resistant
often
have
poor
prognosis.
In
recent
years,
researchers
discovered
numerous
specific
antigens,
which
has
led
to
development
several
new
anti-cancer
drugs.
Using
protein
analysis
techniques,
developed
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs)
antibody-conjugated
drugs
(ADCs)
for
treatment
advanced
tumors.
However,
tumor
resistance
leads
failure
monotherapy.
Therefore,
clinical
trials
combination
ICIs
ADCs
been
carried
out
centers
around
world.
This
article
reviewed
phase
2
3
studies
ICIs,
ADCs,
their
highlight
safe
effective
methods
selecting
individualized
therapeutic
strategies
patients.
activate
system,
whereas
link
monoclonal
antibodies
toxins,
can
achieve
a
synergistic
effect
when
two
combined.
provides
multiple
advantages
Journal of Personalized Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(5), P. 756 - 756
Published: April 28, 2023
Bladder
cancer
(BC)
is
characterized
by
significant
histopathologic
and
molecular
heterogeneity.
The
discovery
of
pathways
knowledge
cellular
mechanisms
have
grown
exponentially
may
allow
for
better
disease
classification,
prognostication,
development
novel
more
efficacious
noninvasive
detection
surveillance
strategies,
as
well
selection
therapeutic
targets,
which
can
be
used
in
BC,
particularly
a
neoadjuvant
or
adjuvant
setting.
This
article
outlines
recent
advances
the
pathology
BC
with
understanding
deeper
focus
on
deployment
promising
biomarkers
avenues
that
soon
make
transition
into
domain
precision
medicine
clinical
management
patients
BC.
Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
73(6)
Published: April 18, 2024
Abstract
Background
Immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
have
changed
previous
treatment
paradigm
of
advanced
urothelial
carcinoma
(UC).
The
ARON-2
study
(NCT05290038)
aimed
to
assess
the
real-world
effectiveness
pembrolizumab
in
patients
recurred
or
progressed
after
platinum-based
chemotherapy.
Patients
and
Methods
Medical
records
with
documented
metastatic
UC
treated
by
as
second-line
therapy
were
retrospectively
collected
from
88
institutions
23
countries.
assessed
for
overall
survival
(OS),
progression-free
(PFS)
response
rate
(ORR).
Cox
proportional
hazards
models
adopted
explore
presence
prognostic
factors.
Results
In
total,
836
included:
544
(65%)
received
progression
first-line
chemotherapy
setting
(cohort
A)
292
(35%)
recurring
within
<
12
months
since
completion
adjuvant
neoadjuvant
B).
median
follow-up
time
was
15.3
months.
OS
ORR
10.5
31%
population,
9.1
29%
cohort
A
14.6
37%
B.
At
multivariate
analysis,
ECOG-PS
≥
2,
bone
metastases,
liver
metastases
vs
B)
proved
be
significantly
associated
worst
PFS.
Stratified
0,
1–2
3–4
factors,
29.4,
12.5
4.1
(
p
0.001),
while
PFS
12.2,
6.4
2.8
months,
respectively
0.001).
Conclusions
Our
confirms
that
is
effective
context,
showing
outcome
differences
between
Cancer Cytopathology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
131(8), P. 480 - 494
Published: March 27, 2023
Abstract
The
frequency
of
detection
renal
masses
has
increased
over
recent
decades,
causing
a
concurrent
increase
in
early
intervention
by
surgery.
Growing
recognition
that
this
approach
was
contributing
to
overtreatment
led
the
broader
use
preoperative
mass
biopsy
(RMB)
core
and/or
fine‐needle
aspiration.
Because
more
options
for
management,
such
as
active
surveillance
and
personalized
therapy,
are
becoming
increasingly
available,
diagnosis
RMB
is
valuable
tool
risk
stratification
clinical
decision
making.
Guidelines
from
various
professional
organizations
have
outlined
situations
which
should
be
used,
it
been
shown
safe
effective.
Rapid
on‐site
evaluation
(ROSE)
using
touch
preparations
or
aspiration
smears
provides
an
immediate
assessment
adequacy
appropriate
triage.
ROSE
also
ensures
sufficient
material
perform
immunohistochemistry
molecular
studies
accurate
characterization
treatment.
integral
role
cytopathology
laboratories
precision
medicine
can
successfully
used
optimizing
workup
final
diagnosis,
prognostication,
management
kidney
tumors.
Herein,
authors
review
their
extensive
experience
working
together
with
interventional
radiology
urology
colleagues
at
time
these
lesions.
Diagnostics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1), P. 106 - 106
Published: Jan. 4, 2025
Background:
Prostate
cancer
(PCa)
is
the
most
frequent
neoplasia
in
male
population.
According
to
International
Society
of
Urological
Pathology
(ISUP),
PCa
can
be
divided
into
two
major
groups,
based
on
their
prognosis
and
treatment
options.
Multiparametric
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(mpMRI)
holds
a
central
role
assessment;
however,
it
does
not
have
one-to-one
correspondence
with
histopathological
grading
tumors.
Recently,
artificial
intelligence
(AI)-based
algorithms
textural
analysis,
subdivision
radiomics,
shown
potential
bridging
this
gap.
Objectives:
We
aimed
develop
machine-learning
algorithm
that
predicts
ISUP
grade
manually
contoured
prostate
nodules
T2-weighted
images
classifies
them
clinically
significant
indolent
ones.
Materials
Methods:
included
55
patients
76
lesions.
All
were
examined
same
1.5
Tesla
mpMRI
scanner.
Each
nodule
was
segmented
using
open-source
3D
Slicer
platform,
features
extracted
PyRadiomics
(version
3.0.1)
library.
The
software
classifiers.
accuracy
calculated
precision,
recall,
F1
scores.
Results:
median
age
study
group
64
years
(IQR
61–68),
mean
PSA
value
11.14
ng/mL.
A
total
85.52%
graded
PI-RADS
4
or
higher.
Overall,
classified
PCas
an
87.2%.
Further,
when
trained
differentiate
each
group,
80.3%.
Conclusions:
developed
AI-based
decision-support
system
accurately
differentiates
between
prognostic
groups
only
T2
MRI
acquisitions
by
employing
radiomics
robust
architecture.
The European Research Journal,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11(2), P. 319 - 327
Published: Jan. 9, 2025
Objective:
Our
study
was
conducted
in
a
single
center
to
evaluate
the
characteristics
of
prostate
acinar
adenocarcinoma.
Methods:
A
retrospective
archive
search
between
January
1,
2018
and
September
2024,
900
transurethral
resection
(TUR)
127
open
prostatectomy
materials
were
examined.
total
43
TUR
9
found
have
prostatic
Results:
The
ages
patients
51-90.
Gleason
scores
ranged
from
3+3:6
5+5:10.
In
immunohistochemical
analyses,
Alpha
methylacyl
CoA
racemase
(AMACR)
positivity
p63
negativity
prominent
as
characteristic
findings.
Lymphovascular
invasion
rarely
observed,
while
perineural
detected
more
frequently.
Conclusions:
importance
histopathological
features
determining
diagnostic
prognostic
factors
adenocarcinoma
investigated
our
study.
This
may
contribute
literature
on
cancer
treatment
strategies
provide
contributions
for
future
research.
Aggregate,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 13, 2025
ABSTRACT
Urogenital
system
tumors
include
prostate
cancer,
bladder
ovarian
and
other
very
common
solid
tumor
diseases
with
high
morbidity
mortality.
The
unique
physiological
anatomical
features
of
the
urogenital
render
it
particularly
amenable
to
application
tissue
imaging
techniques
for
diagnostic
purposes.
advancement
aggregation‐induced
emission
(AIE)
materials
has
addressed
limitations
associated
conventional
fluorescent
that
are
prone
aggregation‐caused
quenching.
This
facilitated
development
innovative
AIE
characterized
by
enhanced
photostability,
an
increased
signal‐to‐noise
ratio,
improved
quality.
article
reviews
research
progress
biosensors
in
diagnosis
tumors.
It
mainly
involves
biomarker
vitro
fluorescence
such
as
uterine
which
based
on
biosensors.
In
addition,
a
comprehensive
description
biosensors’
synthesis
strategies
is
provided.
includes
detailed
elucidation
platforms
intracellular
mechanisms
basic
principles
AIE,
accompanied
presentation
quantitative
analysis
cell
results.
limitations,
challenges
suggestions
field
summarized,
prospect
prospected.
tumors,
also
provides
catalyst
exploring
characteristics
its
wide
disease
diagnosis.
Patients
with
metastatic
urothelial
carcinoma
(mUC)
are
typically
elderly
and
often
have
other
comorbidities
that
require
the
use
of
concomitant
medications.
In
our
study
we
evaluated
association
antibiotics
(ATBs),
proton
pump
inhibitors
(PPIs),
corticosteroids,
statins,
metformin
insulin
patient
outcomes
validated
prognostic
role
a
drug
score
in
mUC
patients
treated
enfortumab
vedotin
(EV)
monotherapy.
Data
from
436
enrolled
ARON-2EV
retrospective
were
analyzed
according
to
medications
used
at
baseline.
Finally,
stratified
into
three
risk
groups
based
on
ATBs,
corticosteroids
PPIs.
Statistical
analysis
involved
Fisher
exact
test,
Kaplan-Meier
method,
log-rank
univariate/multivariate
Cox
proportional
hazard
regression
models.
Inferior
survival
observed
ATB
users
compared
non-users
(OS:
7.3
months,
95%CI
5.0
-
12.3
vs
13.7
12.2
47.3,
p
=
0.001;
PFS:
5.1
months
3.3
17.7
8.3
7.1
0.001)
also
corticosteroid
8.4
6.6
10.0
14.2
12.7
<
6.0
4.6
7.9
8.9
7.2
0.004).
multivariate
analysis,
was
significant
factor
predicting
both
OS
(HR
1.32
[95%
CI
1.03
1.68],
0.026)
PFS
1.23
1.01
1.51],
0.044).
Our
findings
suggest
detrimental
impact
ATBs
utility
previously
receiving
EV.
