The LiaSR Two-Component System Regulates Resistance to Chlorhexidine in Streptococcus mutans

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 468 - 468

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

Chlorhexidine (CHX) is widely considered to be the gold standard for preventing dental caries. However, it possible induce resistance CHX. The LiaSR two-component system has been identified that contributed CHX in Streptococcus mutans, which one of major pathogens underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, an MIC assay and a viability assessment demonstrated after deleting liaS liaR genes, sensitivity mutants could increase. Nile Red efflux exhibited rates were significantly decreased. RT-qPCR results indicated system-mediating influence on expression lmrB S. mutans rate. hydrophobicity membrane potential showed had higher levels depolarization, suggesting their membranes more easily disturbed. TEM graphs revealed border cell was unclear compared with wild-type strain, indicating envelope’s stress response may have inhibited. While surface charge no significant difference strain according result cytochrome c-based charged determination. This study provides valuable novel insights into mutans.

Language: Английский

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Are Mouthwashes Really Effective against Candida spp.?

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 528 - 528

Published: July 29, 2024

Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic infection caused by fungi of the genus Candida. Nystatin, fluconazole, and miconazole are most widely used antifungal drugs in dentistry, but recent years, they have been shown to be less effective due increase resistance drugs. The growing challenge emphasizes importance exploring not only alternative strategies fight against Candida spp. infections also supportive treatment for pharmacological oral candidiasis. This review aims evaluate compare vitro reports on efficacy exhibited mouthwashes distributed European market. research question was elaborated through PEO framework recommended PRISMA 2020. A bibliographic search strategy developed scientific online databases Pubmed ScienceDirect. According eligibility criteria, 21 papers were included this study over a 27-year period. Mouthwashes containing chlorhexidine digluconate, cetylpyridinium chloride, hexetidine, fluorine compounds among others, natural antimicrobials, such as menthol, thymol, eucalyptol, Glycyrrhiza glabra extracts, demonstrated effectiveness. Nonetheless, methodological variance introduces ambiguity concerning comparative distinct molecules or mouthwash formulations complicates evaluation comparison results between studies. Some commercially available Europe potential anti-Candida therapy prevention since effect.

Language: Английский

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Randomised-crossover clinical trial on the substantivity of a single application of a gel containing chlorhexidine and o-cymen-5-ol on the oral biofilm and saliva

BMC Oral Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Oct. 19, 2024

Abstract Background No clinical trials have evaluated the antimicrobial activity and substantivity of gel formulations containing chlorhexidine (CHX) cymenol. Objective To compare in situ effect a new 0.20% CHX + cymenol (test) with current formulation (control) on salivary flora dental plaque biofilm up to seven hours after single application. Methods A randomised-crossover trial was conducted 29 orally healthy volunteers participating development Experiments 1 (saliva) 2 (dental biofilm). All subjects participated both experiments were randomly assigned receive either test or control gels. Samples collected at baseline five minutes one, three, five, application products. The specimens processed using confocal laser scanning microscopy staining LIVE/DEAD ® BacLight™ solution. Bacterial viability (BV) quantified saliva samples. BV calculated DenTiUS Biofilm software. Results In Experiment 1, mean significantly reduced group (87.00% vs. 26.50%; p < 0.01). This maintained throughout all sampling times continued (40.40%, followed same pattern. 2, also lower applying for: (1) total thickness (91.00% vs . 5.80%; 0.01); (2) upper layer (91.29% 3.94%; (3) (86.29% 3.83%; reduction from observed for full-thickness by layers moments (21.30%, 24.13%, 22.06%, respectively; Again, showed similar results. significant differences between gels any time. Conclusions demonstrates potent immediate de novo biofilm. is Similar effects are obtained CHX-only gel.

Language: Английский

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Cetylpyridinium chloride and chlorhexidine show antiviral activity against Influenza A virus and Respiratory Syncytial virus in vitro

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. e0297291 - e0297291

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Background The oral cavity is the site of entry and replication for many respiratory viruses. Furthermore, it source droplets aerosols that facilitate viral transmission. It thought appropriate hygiene alters infectivity might reduce spread viruses contribute to infection control. Materials methods Here, we analyzed antiviral activity cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), chlorhexidine (CHX), three commercial CPC CHX-containing mouthwash preparations against Influenza A virus Respiratory syncytial virus. To do so aforementioned compounds were incubated with or Next, viability treated particles. Results Our results indicate CHX decrease both Syncytial in vitro between 90 99.9% depending on concentration. Likewise, up 99.99% effective decreasing . Conclusion use a containing alone combination represent cost-effective measure limit enveloped infecting cavity, aiding reducing findings may stimulate future clinical studies evaluate effects transmissions.

Language: Английский

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The effect of preprocedural mouthrinses against COVID-19 before acid etching on the microleakage of a resin-based sealant in permanent molars: An in vitro experimental study

Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 121 - 128

Published: March 1, 2024

A bstract Aim: To determine whether rinsing with preprocedural mouthrinses against coronavirus disease before acid etching affects resin-based sealant microleakage. Materials and Methods: presented in vitro experimental study was performed on 15 extracted permanent third molars. Samples were randomly allocated into five groups: Group 1—distilled water (control); 2—1% hydrogen peroxide; 3—1.5% 4—0.5% povidone-iodine; 5—1% povidone-iodine. After the teeth immersed assigned mouth rinses for 60 s, they sealed Concise™ white sealant. Subsequently, thermocycled 500 cycles, 2% methylene blue solution 24 h, sectioned two parallel cuts buccolingual direction. Sixty surfaces (12 each group) examined microleakage under a 40× light microscope scored as described by Zyskind et al . Welch’s one-way analysis of variance test Games–Howell used to analyze results at significance level P < 0.05 all tests. Results: The intergroup comparisons indicated that 0.5% povidone-iodine group 1% had significantly higher compared control group. 1.5% peroxide groups demonstrated no significant difference mean scores There between povidone groups. Conclusions: Preprocedural caused sealant, while gave comparable

Language: Английский

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Advanced Approaches in the Treatment of Periodontal Disease: Enhancing Dentifrices and Mouthwashes for Improved Efficacy

Online Journal of Dentistry & Oral Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(4)

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Chapter 2: Evolution of Dentifrices in Periodontal TreatmentThroughout history, dentifrices have played a crucial role maintaining oral hygiene and preventing dental diseases.In the context periodontal disease, evolution has been particularly significant improving treatment outcomes.In this chapter, we will explore advancements made specifically designed for [6]. Traditional DentifricesTraditional dentifrices, such as toothpaste, long cornerstone practices.These formulations typically consist combination abrasive agents, detergents, humectants, flavoring fluoride.While effective general health, traditional were not formulated to target unique needs individuals with disease [7].

Language: Английский

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Caries preventing efficacy of new Isomalt-containing mouthrinse formulations: a microbial study

BDJ Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: June 18, 2024

Abstract Objectives The effectiveness of an Isomalt-containing mouthrinse to prevent caries development was investigated. Methods Human enamel blocks were randomly assigned five groups ( n = 30/group): De-ionized distilled water (DDW), and containing either (IFC) 1% Isomalt, 225 ppm fluoride, 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), (IF) Isomalt 225ppm (FC) fluoride CPC or (F) fluoride. During 7-day demineralization in a Microbial Caries Model, mouthrinses applied once daily for 1 min. Demineralization assessed using Surface Microhardness testing percentage change SMH (%ΔSMH) Transverse Microradiography mineral loss (ΔZ). Data analysis (α 0.05) used paired t-test (Intra-group comparison SMH) ANOVA/Tukey’s inter-group comparisons (%ΔSMH ΔZ). Results With SMH, relative sound baseline, significant P < 0.001) all groups, except IFC. Intergroup with %ΔSMH showed significantly p greater DDW compared other IF, FC, F IFC 0.001). ΔZ, DDW, 0.0001) inhibited at varying percentages. Conclusions Mouthrinse amidst cariogenic biofilm; thus, highlighting its potential as more effective control tool than only

Language: Английский

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Activity of N-Chlorotaurine against Periodontal Pathogens

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(15), P. 8357 - 8357

Published: July 30, 2024

Dental plaque bacteria play an important role in the pathogenicity of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Therefore, antimicrobial agents are one means treatment. N-chlorotaurine (NCT) as endogenous well-tolerated topical antiseptic could be advantage for this purpose. Accordingly, its microbicidal activity against some dental was investigated at therapeutic concentrations vitro. In quantitative killing assays, NCT planktonic biofilms grown 48 h on implantation screws tested. Electron microscopy used to demonstrate formation biofilm morphological changes. The all tested species, namely Streptococcus sanguinis, salivarius, oralis, cristatus, Rothia aeria, Capnocytophaga ochracea, shown within 10–20 min by 1% 0.01 M phosphate-buffered saline 37 °C. Bacteria 24 were inactivated after 15–20 well, but visible electron not before h. demonstrated 30 (streptococci) 40 (R. aeria). As expected, has broad well should further clinical efficacy

Language: Английский

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Satisfaction with Government Recommended Pre-Procedural Mouth Rinses in the Mitigation of Covid-19 in Hong Kong SAR: A Triple Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Journal of Dentistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 146, P. 105082 - 105082

Published: May 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Impact of various solutions on the oral health status of critically ill patients

Journal of Medicine and Life, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 296 - 304

Published: March 1, 2024

Oral care is a crucial challenge of nursing in orally intubated patients. Oropharyngeal colonization with microorganisms probably the first step pathogenesis most bacterial pulmonary infections. This study aimed to investigate effect different oral solutions on health status critically ill We conducted quasi-experimental involving convenience sample 60 adult patients, distributed equally into three groups: 20 patients received 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) solution as an rinse; 0.1% hexetidine (HEX) and control group routine hospital 0.9% normal saline (NS) solution. tracheal cultures were obtained from within 24-48 h admission, before administration topical antimicrobial then repeated day 4 7 after solutions. The revealed that CHX has more powerful than HEX NS improving mucosa decreasing both oropharynx trachea. On 7, improvements statistically significant (

Language: Английский

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