Multidimensional exploration of hydrogels as biological scaffolds for spinal cord regeneration: mechanisms and future perspectives

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 23, 2025

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe condition that frequently leads to permanent disabilities and neurological dysfunction. Its progression driven by multifaceted pathophysiology, encompassing direct trauma, secondary cascades, intricate cellular molecular responses. While current therapies focus on alleviating symptoms restoring functionality, achieving effective neural regeneration in the spinal continues be significant challenge. Hydrogels, recognized for their exceptional biocompatibility, conductivity, injectability, have shown great potential as advanced scaffolds support neuronal axonal regeneration. Recently, these materials attracted interest field of SCI rehabilitation research. This review concludes recent progress hydrogel-based strategies rehabilitation, emphasizing distinct properties, underlying mechanisms, integration with bioactive molecules, stem cells, complementary biomaterials. Hydrogels foster providing tailored microenvironment, while features such self-repair, electrical controlled drug release significantly enhance therapeutic experimental models. explores hydrogel technologies applications, underscoring address challenges treatment paving way future clinical implementation.

Language: Английский

Biological engineering approaches for modulating the pathological microenvironment and promoting axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: May 12, 2025

Functional recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI) presents significant challenges and imposes a substantial burden on society. Current research primarily focuses minimizing damage promoting regeneration to enhance functional after SCI. Following SCI, secondary injuries such as mitochondrial dysfunction, vascular rupture, inflammatory responses, glial scarring occur in the lesion area, forming pathological microenvironment. These factors expand extent of damage, exacerbate severity, severely impede axonal Modulating microenvironment through various interventions may facilitate promote This article reviews influence advancements axon concerning response, scar formation Additionally, it integrates insights from bioengineering improve microenvironment, summarizing progress research. The review concludes with novel strategies for enhancing regeneration, offering fresh perspectives future investigations.

Language: Английский

Pulsed radiofrequency alleviates neuropathic pain by upregulating MG53 to inhibit microglial activation

European journal of medical research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

Patients with neuropathic pain (NP) have significantly lower quality of life. Because the pathophysiology NP is not fully understood, there a lack effective treatment for it in clinic. This study set out to investigate precise mechanism by which pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) alleviated NP. The rat models chronic constriction injury sciatic nerve (CCI) were established simulate occurrence NP, following measuring MWT and TWL evaluate rats. HE staining was utilized observe spinal cord tissue pathology. expression MG53, ATF4 CHOP evaluated qRT-PCR WB, while inflammatory factors measured ELISA. In addition, immunofluorescence assay used detect MG53 Iba-1. PRF CCI rats, as well upregulating inhibiting microglial activation. After knockdown, remission weakened, but activation endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) exhibited enhancement. Therefore, inhibited MG53. injection ERS inducer inhibition effect overexpressed on its alleviation reversed. Consequently, played role suppressing mediating ERS. attenuated inhibit ERS, resulting

Language: Английский