A Comprehensive Review of Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery for Modulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 1868 - 1868

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a crucial role in regulation autophagy, cellular mechanism vital for homeostasis through degradation damaged organelles and proteins. dysregulation this is significantly associated with cancer progression, metastasis, resistance to therapy. Targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling presents promising strategy treatment; however, traditional therapeutics frequently encounter issues related nonspecific distribution systemic toxicity. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems represent significant advancement addressing these limitations. Nanoparticles enhance bioavailability, stability, targeted therapeutic agents, facilitating precise modulation autophagy cells. Functionalized nanoparticles, such as liposomes, polymeric metal-based nanocarriers, facilitate tumor tissues, minimizing off-target effects improving efficacy. These can deliver multiple agents concurrently, enhancing PI3K/AKT/mTOR-mediated oncogenic pathways. This review examines advancements nanoparticle-mediated that pathway, emphasizing their contribution precision side integration nanotechnology molecularly therapies substantial potential resistance. Future initiatives must prioritize optimization clinical translation patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Structure-Property Relationships of pH-Responsive Polymeric Nanoparticles: Enhancing Targeted Drug Delivery Systems in Colon Cancer Therapy

Journal of Macromolecular Science Part B, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

This article reviews how pH-sensitive polymeric nanoparticles are designed to deliver drugs, specifically colon cancer. The acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a vital role in activating innovative drug delivery systems, improving release and reducing overall toxicity. discussion focuses on polymer composition, particle size, surface charge crosslinking degree affect release, stability targeting efficiency. discusses polymers like chitosan poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) can enhance by utilizing mechanisms. show promising results laboratory animal tests accurately they drugs cancer cells while side effects healthy tissues. Challenges, scaling up nanoparticle production, dealing with heterogeneity overcoming resistance addressed. Future advancements discussed, including multifunctional personalized treatments tailored individual patients. Overall, we propose believe ongoing improvements could significantly improve treatment, making it more effective safer.

Language: Английский

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Nanoparticles, a promising treatment for gastric cancer

Smart Materials in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The true atomistic structure of a disordered crystal: A computational study on the photon upconverting material β-NaYF₄ and its Er³⁺-, Tm³⁺-, and Yb³⁺-doped derivates

Nanoscale, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

True atomic positions were determined for β-NaYF 4 (:Ln 3+ ) using density functional theory. The arrangement of the F − ions closest to doping sites is strongly affected by occupation disordered reducing their effective point group C 1 .

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress and Redox Signaling in Gastric Cancer: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implications

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 258 - 258

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Oxidative stress, which is characterized by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defenses, has critical roles in the initiation, progression, treatment of gastric cancer. On one hand, excessive ROS accumulation induces oxidative damage cancer cell death. other moderate levels cause genetic mutations dysregulation signaling pathways to promote proliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis, metastasis Notably, emerging evidence revealed that also mediate post-translational modifications (oxPTMs) redox-sensitive proteins, can directly affect protein functions regulate redox cells. Therefore, elucidating regulatory mechanisms stress holds great promise identify novel therapeutic targets or redox-targeting strategies. This review will summarize regulating hallmarks highlight ROS-mediated oxPTMs In addition, we discuss strategies targeting for cancer, with emphasis on use bioactive natural products nanomaterials.

Language: Английский

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Applications of smart responsive nanomaterials in the theranostics of gastrointestinal malignancies: Current status and future perspectives

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 535, P. 216641 - 216641

Published: March 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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Melatonin-loaded lecithin and chitosan nanoparticles are cytotoxic to 4 T1 breast cancer cells and safe in a BALB/c mouse model

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 143401 - 143401

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Catechin promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated gastric cancer cell apoptosis via NOX4-induced reactive oxygen species

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Stimuli-responsive chitosan based nanoparticles in cancer therapy and diagnosis: A review

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 283, P. 137709 - 137709

Published: Nov. 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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