Assessing the IUCN global standard as a framework for nature-based solutions in river flood management applications

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 950, P. 175269 - 175269

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are actions that harness nature to help address major societal challenges. The assessment frameworks for NbS proposed in the literature differ scope and intended use. In 2020, International Union Conservation of Nature (IUCN) introduced their Global Standard as a framework can be used by anyone working on different types NbS. Since research applicability IUCN remains limited, aim this paper is analyse whether may an overarching river flood management applications identify main differences content with other NbS-frameworks. This was achieved through comparison 29 NbS, applicable physical interventions riverine risk reduction. comparisons showed has largest breadth application therefore framework. addition, we identified distinction between project processes (process-oriented) results (results-oriented), where characterized process-oriented. implies assess (e.g. stakeholder engagement adaptive management) planned, ongoing or completed projects wide variety environmental contexts will persuade policy makers consider one solutions issues, next combination e.g. engineering changing land We also that, while straightforward use incorporates input, context specificity well guidance depth resources improved.

Language: Английский

---

What ecological factors to integrate in landslide susceptibility mapping? An exploratory review of current trends in support of eco-DRR

Progress in Disaster Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22, P. 100328 - 100328

Published: April 1, 2024

Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR) reflects the important role that natural ecosystems play in reducing likelihood, severity, and impact of environmental disasters such as landslides. However, landslide risk assessments often lack explicit references to Eco-DRR unified frameworks, notably for its Landslide Susceptibility Assessment (LSA). Here, we assess how ecological factors are integrated into LSAs feasibility measuring them, using open Earth Observation (EO) data. We conduct an exploratory review identifying used ecosystem assessments, determining their commonalities. Key findings indicate standardization is more lacking than LSAs, with former exhibiting a higher dispersion factors—195 identified across 41 papers—compared latter, where only 46 were 30 studies. shared 19 common factors, two, Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) Land Use Cover (LULC), being widely accepted criteria. Our study contributes advancing practices by proposing concrete measures expand perspective fostering collaboration between DRR conservation domains. Ultimately, it raises awareness pivotal healthy mitigating addressing societal challenges.

Language: Английский

---

SPHERA, a new convection‐permitting regional reanalysis over Italy: Improving the description of heavy rainfall

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 149(752), P. 781 - 808

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

Abstract Regional reanalyses allow us to better describe weather patterns related rapidly evolving high‐impact events thanks substantially finer detailing than global datasets. However, most regional datasets still do not permit the explicit representation of deep convection. SPHERA (High rEsolution ReAnalysis over Italy) is a new high‐resolution convection‐permitting reanalysis centred Italy. It covers 26 years (1995–2020), based on non‐hydrostatic limited‐area model COSMO, and produced by dynamically downscaling ERA5. A nudging data assimilation scheme steers toward observations. The fine horizontal grid spacing 2.2 km allows switch off deep‐convection parametrization. This study reports added value ERA5 in representing rainfall Italy, particularly for severe precipitation, using rain‐gauge observations during 2003–2017 as reference. Concerning 95th percentile spatial distributions, presents dry estimates with biases reaching −12 mm·day −1 mountainous regions. At same time, enhanced locally driven effects produce seasonal ranging from wet JJA (up +12 ) DJF (down −9 ). For daily maximum rates, shows skill detecting occurred (with hit rates higher roughly 0.4 points range 15–80 frequency closer 0 at all intensities when coming averages. Similarly, hourly accumulations, improved adherence detected intensities, conversely underprediction driver <1 starting 1.5 mm·hr Additionally, analyses two specific reveal enhancements simulating extreme intensity underestimation order 24% versus 73% Further improvements include detailing, timing, temporal evolution events.

Language: Английский

---

Risk tolerance as a complementary concept to risk perception of natural hazards: A conceptual review and application

Risk Analysis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(2), P. 304 - 321

Published: May 31, 2023

Abstract There is a longstanding assumption that if people perceive risk as high, they will act to reduce it. In fact, research has shown lack of consistently strong causal relations between perception (RP) and mitigative behavior—the so‐called “risk paradox.” Despite recent increase in on RP, individuals’ tolerance (RT; or demand for reduction) only rarely appears consideration explaining behavioral response natural hazards. To address this gap, we first systematically review relevant literature find RT been directly assessed operationalized using perceived thresholds related costs benefits reduction measures, consequences, hazard characteristics, responses, affective reactions. It either considered component result RP. We then use survey data RT, intention assess among these variables. Comparing across three European study sites, “behavioral intention” the public's willingness actively support implementation nature‐based solutions disaster risk. A series tests regression models shows significantly explains variance contributes additional explanatory power beyond RP all sites. two also significant partial mediator relation behavior. Taken together, our findings further conceptual empirical its systematic determinant (in)action

Language: Английский

---

Designing and evaluating robust nature-based solutions for hydro-meteorological risk reduction

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 93, P. 103787 - 103787

Published: June 5, 2023

Societies face an increasing number of challenges due to climate change – including enhanced hydro-meteorological risk (HMR). Typically, HMRs are exacerbated by rapid urban development, ecosystem degradation, and water use changes. All though data is scarce scattered, evidence-based case studies have shown that implementing Nature-based Solutions (NBS) can reduce HMR. With further influence from anthropogenic continuing HMH projected increase in frequency severity. Consequently, NBS implemented for HMR reduction will be robust enough deal with HMHs exceed their design criteria and/or expected performance. However, currently available literature does not adequately outline processes aid designing evaluating reduction. In response this gap literature, study developed a process water. the present study, illustrated using existing flood management system (100-year-old traditional irrigation furrows) agricultural area situated within floodplain Chao Phraya River basin Pathum Thani province, Thailand. The robustness then evaluated through quantified construction responsive curve. Once quantified, iterative used enhance individual characteristics resulting efficient storage capacity offered NBS.

Language: Английский

---