The Origin and Diffusion of the Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI)

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 109, P. 104576 - 104576

Published: May 23, 2024

The disproportionate impact of risk, hazards, and disasters on socially differentiated groups has been part the broader research field for over half a century now. As concept, social vulnerability transcends many science disciplines but remains firmly grounded in spatial inequality processes outcomes. variability space peculiarity places driven development empirically based measurements vulnerability, especially United States. This article takes retrospective view concept tracing origins hazard research, its quantification, operational use emergency preparedness, response, recovery, mitigation. It uses Social Vulnerability Index (or SoVI) given intellectual antecedents geographical sciences widespread acceptance within hazards as model. In brief period since twenty years ago, SoVI moved from place-based conceptualization to an oft-used method highlighting inequities potential impacts likely recovery them both practice. More significantly, history application illustrates arc theory-to-practice, use-inspired scholarship, starting with idea witnessing translation tool policy. Lessons learned future needs, uses, improvements metrics conclude article.

Language: Английский

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Complexities in post-wildfire governance: lessons from Colorado’s 2020 wildfires

Fire Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Abstract Background The increasing size and severity of western U.S. wildfires in recent years has generated greater attention towards post-wildfire response recovery. Post-fire governance requires coordinating recovery capacities across jurisdictions, landscapes, time scales. presence wildfire on federal public lands necessitates agency involvement both suppression efforts, program coordination with lower levels government non-governmental organizations. Using semi-structured interviews, we investigated experiences leaders the system post-fire policies programs following record-breaking Cameron Peak East Troublesome state Colorado. Results Our research found that persistent administrative challenges exist within among agencies space. Challenges included cross-jurisdictional key emergency programs, rules affect project timing effectiveness, absence a formal strategy, funding issues. These factors revealed exacerbated scale mismatches between existing landscapes result from unprecedentedly longer, larger, more severe occurring USA. Non-federal organizations were instrumental overcoming these through efforts private lands. To improve capacity, study participants stressed importance broader use resources, longer timeframes for activities, reforming process. Conclusions findings persistence issues land management agencies, current remain insensitive to twenty-first-century settings. Addressing resources spatial temporal complexities environments will require support along re-envisioning overall approach

Language: Английский

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Toward equitable coastal community resilience: Incorporating principles of equity and justice in coastal hazard adaptation

Cambridge Prisms Coastal Futures, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Abstract To meet the challenges of hazards impacting coastal communities, demand is growing for more equitable natural hazard adaptation and disaster mitigation approaches, supported by co-productive research partnerships. This review paper outlines contemporary advances in with attention to how an equity justice framework can address uneven impacts on marginalized underserved communities. Drawing upon allied concepts distributive, procedural, systemic, recognitional justice, we illustrate these form basis resilience. demonstrate resilience effectively advance strategies, present two vignettes where collaborative partnerships underscore planning response practices complement processes zones subject large earthquakes tsunamis. The first vignette focuses takes place Tohoku region Japan, diverse gender sexual minority community members’ experiences of, responses to, 2011 disasters. second centers U.S. Pacific Northwest coast along Cascadia Subduction Zone principles inform co-production alternative futures that prioritize From this discussion, suggest applying lens processes, including modeling frameworks, ensure benefits strategies are equitably applied shared.

Language: Английский

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Under-reported and under-served: Disparities in US disaster federal aid-to-damage ratios after hurricanes

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 106, P. 104430 - 104430

Published: March 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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The geography of social vulnerability and wildfire occurrence (1984–2018) in the conterminous USA

Natural Hazards, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 120(5), P. 4297 - 4327

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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Degree and direction of overlap between social vulnerability and community resilience measurements

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(10), P. e0275975 - e0275975

Published: Oct. 20, 2022

An ongoing debate in academic and practitioner communities, centers on the measurement similarities differences between social vulnerability community resilience. More specifically, many see resilience measurements as conceptually empirically same. Only through a critical comparative assessment can we ascertain extent to which these schemas relate one another. This paper uses two well-known indices—the index (SoVI) Baseline Resilience Indicators for Communities (BRIC) address topic. The employs spatio-temporal correlations test or divergence (negative associations) convergence (positive associations), degree of overlap. These tests use continental U.S. counties, timeframes (2010 2015), case study sub-regions (to identify changes associations going from national regional scales given place-based nature each index). Geospatial analytics indicate with little overlap SoVI BRIC measurements, based low negative correlation coefficients (around 30%) both time periods. There is some spatial variability overlap, but less than 2% counties show hot spot clustering more 50% either year. strongest years occurs few California, Arizona, Maine. at scale greater Gulf Region (39%) Southeast Atlantic region (21% 2010; 28% 2015) suggesting homogeneity Coast population place characteristics. However, areas are negatively associated. Given their inclusion National Risk Index, metrics needed interpret local capacities natural hazards risk planning, vulnerable could be highly resilient vice versa.

Language: Английский

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Funding rules that promote equity in climate adaptation outcomes

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(2)

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Many climate policies adopt improving equity as a key objective. A challenge is that often conceive of in terms individuals but introduce strategies focus on spatially coarse administrative areas. For example, the Justice40 Initiative United States requires 518 diverse federal programs to prioritize funds for “disadvantaged” census tracts. This strategy largely untested and contrasts with government’s definition “consistent systematic fair, just impartial treatment all (Executive Office President, Federal Register, 2021).” How well does approach improve adaptation outcomes across ? We analyze this question using case study municipality faces repetitive flooding struggles effectively manage these risks due limited resources public investment. find way Emergency Management Agency implements can be an obstacle promoting household flood-risk outcomes. study, ensuring majority benefits accrue “Justice40 Communities” not reduce risk most burdened households, risk-burden inequality, produces net costs. In contrast, we design simple funding rules based burden cost-effectively target large benefits. Our findings suggest “disadvantaged community” indicators defined at spatial scales face poorly capturing many ineffective meeting promises about climate-related investments.

Language: Английский

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Where Did the Money Go? Assessing the Distribution of the Community Development Block Grant - Disasters Recovery Funds

The American Review of Public Administration, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

In recent years, the U.S. federal government has increasingly used Community Development Block Grant-Disaster Recovery (CDBG-DR) program, administered by Department of Housing and Urban (HUD), as a vehicle for distributing aid to disaster-affected communities. this study, we compile unique dataset CDBG-DR awards across counties between 2001 2017 present first comprehensive assessment distribution from program. We empirically examine factors associated with county's receipt grants, including disaster damage, other aid, socioeconomic demographic characteristics, local capacity, political ideology, geographic risk attributes. utilize double-hurdle approach estimate both likelihood county receiving grants following amount it received. Results show that funding positively correlate assistance, while their relationship damage is more ambiguous. Counties lower housing values are likely receive grants. After controlling income economic factors, higher percentage Black populations less suggesting potential racial bias in fund allocation. also find states legislator serving on CDBG oversight committee significantly after disaster.

Language: Английский

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Disaster Law in the United States

Disaster risk reduction, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 69 - 87

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Transdisciplinary research promoting clean and resilient energy systems for socially vulnerable communities: A review

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 213, P. 115434 - 115434

Published: Feb. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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