Measuring the effects of liquid bulk viscosity numerically on a spherical nitrogen bubble in aqueous H2SO4 DOI Creative Commons

P.K. Mall,

H.K. Paliwal,

Amit Medhavi

et al.

AIP Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

The current study extensively simulates multiple theories concerning the mechanism of bubble formation during interaction between an aqueous H2SO4 solution and nitrogen gas. This leads to pressure surges high internal temperatures due violent collapse inertial bubble. examines effects liquid volume viscosity on dynamics a single cavitation by applying Gilmore model interface under various boundary conditions, such as volume, N2, surface tension, temperature, pressure, etc. An in bubbles was used this investigation. A comprehensive frequency, asymptotic growth, growth carried out. To quantitatively investigate influence fluid shear bubble, several numerical calculations were performed at viscosities ranging from 0.002 0.014 Pa s, both with without viscosity. In addition, focuses maximum stress rather than highest temperature. Wherever possible, experimental validations that serve guide for theoretical predictions are also provided. findings indicate while impact boom may be negligible lower viscosities, it cannot completely ignored relatively viscosities. analysis offers insight into how thermodynamic method modifies intensity advances our understanding complex thermal-hydrodynamic phenomenon.

Language: Английский

Review of Lignocellulosic Biomass Pretreatment Using Physical, Thermal and Chemical Methods for Higher Yields in Bioethanol Production DOI Open Access

Alicja Woźniak,

Ksawery Kuligowski, Lesław Świerczek

et al.

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 287 - 287

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

The increasing demand for renewable energy sources has led to significant interest in second-generation biofuels derived from lignocellulosic biomass and waste materials. This review underscores the pivotal role of valorization meeting global needs, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, fostering a circular bioeconomy. Key pretreatment methods—including steam explosion, pressure treatment, chemical pretreatment—are analyzed their ability enhance accessibility cellulose hemicellulose enzymatic saccharification. Advances cellulolytic enzyme development fermentation strategies, such as use genetically engineered microorganisms capable fermenting both hexoses pentoses, are discussed detail. Furthermore, potential biorefinery systems is explored, highlighting capacity integrate into biofuel production alongside high-value bioproducts. Case studies recent trends bioethanol biogas examined, providing insights current state research its industrial applications. While hold considerable promise sustainable emissions reduction, challenges related cost optimization, process scalability, technological barriers must be addressed enable large-scale implementation. serves comprehensive foundation bridging gap between laboratory application, emphasizing need continued innovation interdisciplinary collaboration technologies.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Optimization of Straw Particle Size for Enhanced Biogas Production: A Comparative Study of Wheat and Rapeseed Straw DOI Creative Commons
К. Witaszek, Karol Kupryaniuk,

Jakub Kupryaniuk

et al.

Energies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(7), P. 1794 - 1794

Published: April 2, 2025

Biogas production from lignocellulosic biomass, such as wheat and rapeseed straw, is an essential strategy for sustainable energy generation. However, the efficiency of anaerobic digestion depends on physical characteristics substrate, particularly particle size, which influences microbial accessibility biogas yield. This study aims to optimize straw size enhanced methane by evaluating different fractionation levels. The was processed using a hammer mill separated into three fractions (2.4 mm, 1 mm) alongside non-separated finely ground (2 samples. chemical composition analyzed X-ray fluorescence (XRF), key parameters pH, dry matter (DM), organic (ODM) were assessed. results indicated that had lower pH (6.05) DM than (7.01). yield analysis demonstrated varied with size. For samples achieved highest (132.87 m3 Mg⁻1), whereas decreased increased fragmentation, observed material (206.65 Mg⁻1). carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio in (153.82), potentially limiting activity, while finer more balanced ratios. These findings highlight importance mechanical pretreatment optimizing provide insights improving straw-based systems.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Design of Synchronizer Control for Biogas Engine Fuel System DOI Creative Commons
Suroto Munahar, Bagiyo Condro Purnomo, Muji Setiyo

et al.

E3S Web of Conferences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 622, P. 01006 - 01006

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Biogas is a new and renewable energy source that offers numerous advantages. It renewable, environmentally friendly, capable of reducing dependence on fossil fuels, economically valuable. Additionally, biogas has high-octane rating, making it suitable for use in high-compression engines. The as engine fuel requires adequate quality control, not all biogases can be used effectively fuel. Based previous research, the categorized into several clusters: Cluster one: contains high level methane, easy to operation. two: moderately low methane content, which makes difficult three: very rendering unsuitable This study focuses addressing issues related utilization second-cluster biogas. For this cluster, synchronizer control system employed manage transition process from gasoline method involves designing an electronic operates multiple steps. resulting design regulates entry through following steps: deactivates check valve. opens first second valves. first, second, third designed smoothly during However, does yet account factors such temperature, environmental conditions, or integration artificial intelligence. These considered inclusion future developments system.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Measuring the effects of liquid bulk viscosity numerically on a spherical nitrogen bubble in aqueous H2SO4 DOI Creative Commons

P.K. Mall,

H.K. Paliwal,

Amit Medhavi

et al.

AIP Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

The current study extensively simulates multiple theories concerning the mechanism of bubble formation during interaction between an aqueous H2SO4 solution and nitrogen gas. This leads to pressure surges high internal temperatures due violent collapse inertial bubble. examines effects liquid volume viscosity on dynamics a single cavitation by applying Gilmore model interface under various boundary conditions, such as volume, N2, surface tension, temperature, pressure, etc. An in bubbles was used this investigation. A comprehensive frequency, asymptotic growth, growth carried out. To quantitatively investigate influence fluid shear bubble, several numerical calculations were performed at viscosities ranging from 0.002 0.014 Pa s, both with without viscosity. In addition, focuses maximum stress rather than highest temperature. Wherever possible, experimental validations that serve guide for theoretical predictions are also provided. findings indicate while impact boom may be negligible lower viscosities, it cannot completely ignored relatively viscosities. analysis offers insight into how thermodynamic method modifies intensity advances our understanding complex thermal-hydrodynamic phenomenon.

Language: Английский

Citations

0