Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
32(46)
Published: Sept. 9, 2022
Abstract
The
electrocatalytic
performance
of
nanomaterials
can
be
enhanced
by
fine‐tuning
the
coordination
environment
and
number
low‐coordination
atoms.
Confinement
engineering
is
most
effective
strategy
for
precise
chemical
synthesis
electrocatalysts
through
modulation
electron
transfer
properties,
atomic
arrangement,
molecular
structure
in
a
confined
region.
It
not
only
alters
environments
to
adjust
formation
mechanism
active
centers,
but
also
regulates
physicochemical
properties
electrocatalysts.
Consequently,
nucleation,
transportation,
stabilization
intermediate
species
electrocatalysis
are
optimized,
then
improve
covering
activity,
stability,
selectivity.
In
this
review,
confinement
introduced
terms
definition,
classification,
construction,
basic
principles.
Then,
latest
advances
oxygen
reduction
reaction,
hydrogen
evolution
nitrogen
carbon
dioxide
reaction
systematically
evaluated.
Furthermore,
using
representative
experimental
results
theoretical
calculations,
structure‐activity
relationships
between
illustrated.
Finally,
potential
challenges
future
development
prospects
highlighted,
with
focus
on
controlling
construction
environments,
investigating
uncommon
catalytic
regions,
practical
applications.
Energies,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
16(3), P. 1141 - 1141
Published: Jan. 20, 2023
Hydrogen
is
emerging
as
a
new
energy
vector
outside
of
its
traditional
role
and
gaining
more
recognition
internationally
viable
fuel
route.
This
review
paper
offers
crisp
analysis
the
most
recent
developments
in
hydrogen
production
techniques
using
conventional
renewable
sources,
addition
to
key
challenges
Hydrogen.
Among
potential
sources
for
are
solar
wind.
The
H2
from
derived
agricultural
or
other
waste
streams
increases
flexibility
improves
economics
distributed
semi-centralized
reforming
with
little
no
net
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
Water
electrolysis
equipment
driven
by
off-grid
wind
can
also
be
employed
remote
areas
that
away
grid.
Each
manufacturing
technique
has
technological
challenges.
These
include
feedstock
type,
conversion
efficiency,
need
safe
integration
systems
purification
storage
technologies.
