Matéria (Rio de Janeiro),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
29(4)
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT
The
clamping
method
of
flowmeters
in
natural
gas
pipe
has
a
significant
impact
on
improving
the
calibrated
speed
and
operational
efficiency.
In
this
study,
finite
element
model
automatic
flowmeter
device
is
established,
which
includes
flowmeter,
flange
plate,
screw
nut,
DN300
pipe.
stress
distribution
variation
are
investigated
for
effects
different
external
forces
pressures.
results
indicate
that
designed
can
achieve
effective
flowmeter.
Moreover,
overall
levels
below
material’s
allowable
stress,
indicates
mechanical
structure
reasonable.
device,
high-stress
areas
concentrated
surface
arcuate
region
at
base
plate.
When
force
increases
from
8
MPa
to
12
MPa,
maximum
by
30
meanwhile
plate
only
15
MPa.
pressure
4
cross-section
rises
25
82
Hydrogen
production
will
likely
see
a
vast
increase
in
the
coming
years,
following
rapid
decarbonization
efforts
globally.
This
urges
Germany
to
develop
hydrogen
economy.
However,
urgent
questions
remain
regarding
optimal
distribution
of
sites
and
imports.
study
employs
open-source
Global
Energy
System
Model
(GENeSYS-MOD)
quantitatively
find
an
strategy
for
compare
it
current
national
plans.
Unlike
previous
studies
that
focused
on
individual
elements,
this
integrates
multiple
critical
aspects
into
holistic
integrated
approach.
The
model
aims
determine
ideal
geographic
production,
assess
role
domestic
evaluate
influence
import
prices.
analysis
takes
policies
such
as
National
Strategy,
Core
Network,
Spatial
Development
Plan
account.
results
highlight
potential
primarily
decentralized
Germany,
with
northern
regions,
especially
Lower
Saxony,
key
suppliers.
By
2050,
imports
account
only
2–3%
supply
under
assumptions.
our
sensitivity
shows
share
is
highly
elastic
toward
A
comparison
alignment
areas
production.
differences
reliance
infrastructure
requirements
underline
need
adaptive
strategies
balance
cost-efficiency
policy
goals.
Despite
uncertainties,
particularly
prices,
spatial
electrolyzers
transport
provides
solid
foundation
deployment.
Frontiers in Energy Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: March 18, 2025
A
real-time,
on-site
monitoring
of
the
concentration
hydrogen
and
heating
value
a
blend
natural
gas
is
key
importance
for
its
safe
distribution
in
existing
pipelines,
as
proposed
by
‘Power-to-Gas’
concept.
Although
current
chromatography
(PGC)
methods
deliver
this
information
accurately,
they
are
unsuitable
quick
pipeline-integrated
measurement.
We
analyse
possibility
to
monitor
with
combination
sensors
thermodynamic
properties—thermal
conductivity,
speed
sound
density—as
potential
substitute
PGC.
propose
numerical
method
multi-sensor
detection
based
on
assumption
ideal
(i.e.,
low-pressure)
behaviour,
treating
‘mixture
mixtures’,
depending
how
many
geographical
sources
drawn
upon
distribution.
By
performing
Monte-Carlo
simulation
known
concentrations
proceeding
from
different
European
sources,
we
conclude
that
combined
measurement
thermal
conductivity
together
either
or
density
can
yield
good
estimation
both
variables
interest
(hydrogen
value),
even
under
variability
composition
gas.
Frontiers in Energy Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: May 19, 2025
Hydrogen
emissions
arise
from
leakage
during
its
production,
transport,
storage
and
use,
leading
to
an
increase
in
atmospheric
hydrogen
concentrations.
These
also
cause
indirect
climate
effect,
which
has
been
quantified
the
literature
with
a
global
warming
potential
over
100
years
(GWP100)
of
about
11.6,
placing
between
carbon
dioxide
(1)
methane
(29.8).
There
is
increasing
debate
impact
energy
transition
based
on
hydrogen.
As
case
study,
we
have
therefore
evaluated
expected
switching
long-distance
natural
gas
transmission
network
outlined
future
“hydrogen
core
network”
Germany.
Our
analysis
focuses
relevant
sources
components
emissions.
results
show
that
itself
represent
only
1.8%
total
hydrogen,
98%
attributed
energy-related
compressor
2%
fugitive
operational
leakage.
Compared
current
network,
calculate
99%
reduction
97%
specific
per
transported
unit
energy.
In
discussion,
when
considering
entire
life
cycle,
includes
upstream
end-use
phases,
switch
reduces
overall
by
almost
90%.
However,
while
our
significantly
lower
compared
gas,
minimising
any
remaining
remains
crucial
achieve
neutrality
2045,
as
set
Germany’s
Federal
Climate
Action
Act.
Hence,
recommend
further
reducing
intensity
supply
associated
compressors.
