The Omic Insights on Unfolding Saga of COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons

Arvinpreet Kaur,

Mehak Chopra,

Mahak Bhushan

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 20, 2021

The year 2019 has seen an emergence of the novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing disease (COVID-19). Since onset pandemic, biological and interdisciplinary research is being carried out across world at a rapid pace to beat pandemic. There increased need comprehensively understand various aspects virus from detection treatment options including drugs vaccines for effective global management disease. In this review, we summarize salient findings pertaining SARS-CoV-2 biology, symptoms, hosts, epidemiology, genome, its emerging variants, viral diagnostics, host-pathogen interactions, alternative antiviral strategies application machine learning heuristics artificial intelligence COVID-19 future pandemics.

Language: Английский

Development of a Fast SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISA, Based on Receptor-Binding Domain, and Its Comparative Evaluation Using Temporally Segregated Samples From RT-PCR Positive Individuals DOI Creative Commons

Farha Mehdi,

Souvick Chattopadhyay, Ramachandran Thiruvengadam

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 20, 2021

SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection assays are crucial for gathering seroepidemiological information and monitoring the sustainability of response against virus. The Spike protein’s receptor-binding domain (RBD) is a very specific target anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies detection. Moreover, many neutralizing mapped to this domain, linking RBD with potential. Detection IgG antibodies, rather than IgM or total likely play larger role in understanding antibody-mediated protection vaccine response. Here we describe rapid stable RBD-based ELISA test obtained through extensive optimization assay components conditions. showed specificity 99.79% (95% CI: 98.82–99.99%) panel pre-pandemic samples ( n = 470) from different groups, i.e., pregnancy, fever, HCV, HBV, autoantibodies positive. Test sensitivity was evaluated using sera RT-PCR positive individuals 312) found be 53.33% 37.87–68.34%), 80.47% 72.53–86.94%), 88.24% 82.05–92.88%) 1 (days 0–13), 2 14–20) 3 21–27), respectively. Higher achieved symptomatic reached 92.14% 86.38–96.01%) 3. Our test, shorter runtime, higher parallelly tested commercial ELISAs SARS-CoV-2-IgG, Euroimmun Zydus, even when equivocal results were considered None tests, which antigens, could detect IgGs 10.5% by fourth week, suggesting lack

Language: Английский

Citations

42
Cross‐reactivity of SARS‐CoV‐2 with other pathogens, especially dengue virus: A historical perspective DOI
Debrupa Dutta, A. C. GHOSH, Chiroshri Dutta

et al.

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Abstract Dengue is a vector‐borne viral disease caused by Flavivirus whereas the COVID‐19 pandemic was highly contagious virus, SARS‐CoV‐2 belonging to family Coronaviridae . However, severity observably less in dengue‐endemic countries and vice versa especially during active years of (2019–2021). We observed that dengue virus (DENV) antibodies (Abs) could cross‐react with spike antigen. This resulted false positivity rapid Ab test kits. DENV Abs binding receptor‐binding domain (and reverse scenario), as revealed docking studies further validated cross‐reactivity. Finally, were found cross‐neutralize DENV1 DENV2 neutralization (VNT). other pathogens like Plasmodium also cross‐reactive but non‐neutralizing for SARS‐CoV‐2. Here, we analyze existing data on cross‐reactivity pathogens, assess its impact health (cross‐protection?) differential sero‐diagnosis/surveillance.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
COVID-19 Antibody Detecting Rapid Diagnostic Tests Show High Cross-Reactivity When Challenged with Pre-Pandemic Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Dengue Samples DOI Creative Commons
Fien Vanroye, Dorien Van den Bossche, Isabel Brosius

et al.

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 1163 - 1163

Published: June 25, 2021

COVID-19 Antibody Detecting Rapid Diagnostic Tests (COVID-19 Ab RDTs) are the preferred tool for SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence studies, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The present study challenged RDTs with pre-pandemic samples of patients exposed to tropical pathogens. A retrospective was performed on archived serum (n = 94) EDTA whole blood 126) obtained during 2010–2018 from 196 travelers malaria 170), schistosomiasis 25) dengue 25). were selected based regulatory approval status, independent evaluation results detecting antigens. Among 13 RDT products, overall cross-reactivity 18.5%; malaria, 20.3%, 18.1% 7.5%, respectively. Cross-reactivity current recent antibodies, Plasmodium species parasite densities similar. among different products ranged 2.7% 48.9% (median value 14.5%). IgM represented 67.9% cross-reactive test lines. not associated antigens, patient categories or disease (sub)groups, except (two ≥60% cross-reactivity). high and—to a lesser extent—dengue calls risk mitigation when using co-endemic regions.

Language: Английский

Citations

33
In-House Assays for Detecting Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Serum and Urine: Correlation with COVID-19 Severity from a Cohort Study in Qatar DOI Creative Commons
Nishant N. Vaikath, Maryam Al‐Nesf, Nour K. Majbour

et al.

Journal of Infection and Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102744 - 102744

Published: March 1, 2025

Serological assays targeting antibodies against key viral proteins, including the Spike (S1), Receptor Binding Domain (RBD), and Nucleocapsid, play a critical role in understanding immunity supporting diagnostic efforts during COVID-19 pandemic, afterward. This study aimed to develop validate in-house for detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 serum urine. ELISA-based assay was developed detect IgG IgM SARS-CoV-2. The examined urine samples of two different cohort patients affected by disease with severity compared age sex matched control group. Neutralizing antibody activity evaluated using an RBD-ACE2 binding inhibition assay. Additionally, Sengenics protein microarray platform employed assess epitope-specific responses. ELISA reliably detected both 163 64 50 from healthy control, strong correlations observed between levels biofluids. correlated positively severity, highlighting their clinical relevance. performance comparable commercial kits, provided detailed insights into profiles, identifying dominant epitopes within Nucleocapsid core domain RBD. demonstrated robust versatility, offering cost-effective scalable alternative kits. Their ability highlighted potential as non-invasive tools. These findings contribute advancing sero-diagnostic capabilities, improving immune responses SARS-CoV-2, global monitor manage effectively.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Preclinical Evaluation of the RBD-Trimeric Vaccine: A Novel Approach to Strengthening Biotechnological Sovereignty in Developing Countries Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants. DOI Creative Commons
Luis Flórez, Daniel Echeverri-De la Hoz, Alfonso Calderón

et al.

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102820 - 102820

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

New immunogens against emerging new virus variants are essential for controlling variants. A preclinical study in which a receptor-binding domain (RBD) trimer was designed silico with information from the Beta (B.1.351), Omicron (BA.5), and Wuhan 1 variant. three-dimensional model of RBD-trimer made, synthesis based on RBD S protein Omicron. For experimental trials, 63 BALB/c mice were immunized divided into three groups: control (n=15), adjuvant (n=33). 81% (13/16), 90% (9/10), 85% (6/7) that received one dose, two doses, respectively, seroconverted. Significant statistical differences (p<0.001) found between group vaccinated RBD-trimer, adjuvant, group. The booster did not show significant (p>0.05. No inflammatory or cellular changes observed, highlighting safety vaccine candidate. Kinetics seroconversion 75% obtained doses tri-RBD. (P <0.0001). Applying candidate safe immunogenic SARS-CoV-2. This provides support country's biotechnological sovereignty its potential contribution to public health Colombia.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
False-positive HIV in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection; a case report DOI Open Access
Rawezh Q. Salih,

Gasha A. Salih,

Hiwa O. Abdullah

et al.

Annals of Medicine and Surgery, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 71, P. 103027 - 103027

Published: Nov. 1, 2021

A small portion of Corona Virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases associated with co-infections, however occasionally they turn out to be false positive due possible cross-reactivities. The current report aims present a rare case false-positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in COVID-19 patient.A 32-year-old female complaining from thyroid problems referred for operation. She had mild symptoms COVID-19. Her preoperative laboratory findings were normal, except HIV screening test which was repetitively positive. RNA PCR performed confirm the diagnosis HIV, it revealed negative result. patient underwent thyroidectomy as planned and given required supportive treatment recover Two-month follow up that she on testing, immunoassay no longer positive.Due structural similarities between spike protein chains SARS-CoV-2 some other viruses such dengue, Zika, closely related coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV), can potentially interfere tests. Although tests have high sensitivity specificity, results been reported, Epstein Barr virus, Influenza vaccination, Australian vaccination.Similarity proteins lead antibody cross-reactivities, yielding

Language: Английский

Citations

23
COVID-19 serum can be cross-reactive and neutralizing against the dengue virus, as observed by the dengue virus neutralization test DOI Creative Commons
Himadri Nath, Abinash Mallick, Subrata Roy

et al.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 122, P. 576 - 584

Published: July 8, 2022

Observing the serological cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and dengue virus (DV), we aimed to elucidate its effect on serodiagnosis infectivity in a highly dengue-endemic city India.A total of 52 COVID-19 (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR] positive) serum samples were tested rapid lateral flow immunoassays DV immunoglobulin G (IgG) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detect or IgG/immunoglobulin M. The antibody (Ab) positive subjected neutralization test (Huh7 cells) using type 1 (DV1) clinical isolate.Most (93%) Ab-positive cross-reacted with ELISA tests. All RNA nonstructural protein (NS1) antigen-negative. that cross-reactive neutralized DV1. Of these, 57% had no evidence pre-exposure (DV NS1 Ab-negative). computational study also supported potential interactions Ab DV1.DV will be inconclusive areas co-endemic for both viruses. pandemic appears impart protective response against DV-endemic populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
False-Positive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Results in COVID-19 Patients DOI Open Access

Narek Hakobyan,

Ruchi Yadav,

Khaled Abaza

et al.

Cureus, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, which causes disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease, was first described in and became a pandemic 2020. Although it is possible for two viruses to co-infect together, rarer phenomenon of false-positive results due cross-reactivity between also possible. Herein, we present cases the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) those infected with COVID-19. Both patients were screened HIV initially found be positive fourth-generation test. A subsequent blood test revealed no viral load, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) indicated reactivity HIV, thus false initial screening SARS-CoV-2 enveloped RNA its outer surface containing spike-like glycoprotein, allows recognize host cells invade. HIV-1 gp41 share several structural sequences motifs. These similarities could explain when presence COVID. must confirmed through more specific laboratory tests such as ELISA.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Seroprevalence Among Adults in a Tropical City of the Caribbean Area, Colombia: Are We Much Closer to Herd Immunity Than Developed Countries? DOI Creative Commons
Salim Máttar, Nelson Alvis‐Guzmán, Evelin Garay

et al.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7(12)

Published: Nov. 12, 2020

Abstract A serological survey was carried out in Monteria (500 000 population), a mid-size city Colombia. An overall prevalence of 55.3% (95% confidence interval, 52.5%–57.8%) found among sample 1.368 people randomly selected from the population. Test positivity related to economic characteristics with highest most impoverished areas, representing 83.8% city’s We that might be associated some important level population immunity.

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Evaluation of Serologic Cross-Reactivity Between Dengue Virus and SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Acute Febrile Illness — United States and Puerto Rico, April 2020–March 2021 DOI Open Access
Jorge L. Muñoz‐Jordán, Jaime Cardona, Manuela Beltrán

et al.

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 71(10), P. 375 - 377

Published: March 10, 2022

The diagnosis of dengue disease, caused by the virus (DENV) (a flavivirus), often requires serologic testing during acute and early convalescent phases disease. Some symptoms DENV infection, such as nonspecific fever, are similar to those infection with SARS-CoV-2, that causes COVID-19. In studies few COVID-19 cases, positive immunoglobulin M (IgM) results were reported various tests, indicating possible cross-reactivity in these tests for SARS-CoV-2 infections (1,2). antibodies can cross-react other flaviviruses, including Zika virus. To assess potential DENV, IgM antibodies, serum specimens from 97 patients Puerto Rico 12 U.S.-based confirmed tested using Detect Capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (InBios International).* addition, 122 121 disease (all Rico) pan-Ig Spike Protein ELISA (CDC).† Results obtained IgM, indicated 98% test specificity minimal levels between two flaviviruses SARS-CoV-2. These findings indicate diagnoses or diseases serological assays described this report not affected COVID-19, nor do interfere

Language: Английский

Citations

13