Who is missed in a community-based survey: Assessment and implications of biases due to incomplete sampling frame in a community-based serosurvey, Choma and Ndola Districts, Zambia, 2022 DOI Creative Commons
Natalya Kostandova, Simon Mutembo, Christine Prosperi

et al.

PLOS Global Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(4), P. e0003072 - e0003072

Published: April 29, 2024

Community-based serological studies are increasingly relied upon to measure disease burden, identify population immunity gaps, and guide control elimination strategies; however, there is little understanding of the potential for impact sampling biases on outcomes interest. As part efforts quantify measles gaps in Zambia, a community-based survey using stratified multi-stage cluster approach was conducted Ndola Choma districts May—June 2022, enrolling 1245 individuals. We carried out follow-up study among individuals missed from frame serosurvey July—August 672 assessed by i) estimating differences characteristics households included excluded (77% vs 23% households) ii) evaluating magnitude these make healthcare-seeking behavior, vaccination coverage, seroprevalence. found that were 20% smaller 25% less likely have children. Missed resided wealthy households, had different distributions sex occupation, more seek care at health facilities. Despite differences, simulating which resulted than 5% estimated bias outcomes. Although upheld as gold standard design assessing underlying community characteristics, findings underscore fact can results even well-conducted surveys. Results should be interpreted context methodology challenges faced during implementation, include shortcomings establishing accurate up-to-date frames. Failure account may result biased estimates detrimental effects decision-making.

Language: Английский

SARS-CoV-2 reinfections: Overview of efficacy and duration of natural and hybrid immunity DOI Creative Commons
Stefan Pilz, Verena Theiler‐Schwetz, Christian Trummer

et al.

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 209, P. 112911 - 112911

Published: Feb. 8, 2022

Seroprevalence surveys suggest that more than a third and possibly half of the global population has been infected with SARS-CoV-2 by early 2022. As large numbers people continue to be infected, efficacy duration natural immunity in terms protection against reinfections severe disease is crucial significance for future. This narrative review provides an overview on epidemiological studies addressing this issue. National covering 2020-2021 documented previous infection associated significantly reduced risk lasting at least one year only relatively moderate waning immunity. Importantly, showed roughly similar effect sizes regarding reinfection across different variants, exception Omicron variant which data are just emerging before final conclusions can drawn. Risk hospitalizations deaths was also versus primary infections. Observational indicate may offer equal or greater infections compared individuals receiving two doses mRNA vaccine, but not fully consistent. The combination respective vaccination, termed hybrid immunity, seems confer greatest infections, several knowledge gaps remain Natural should considered public health policy SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

Citations

235
End COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries DOI
Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak, Edward Miguel, Jason Abaluck

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 375(6585), P. 1105 - 1110

Published: March 10, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

56
Sub-optimal neutralisation of omicron (B.1.1.529) variant by antibodies induced by vaccine alone or SARS-CoV-2 Infection plus vaccine (hybrid immunity) post 6-months DOI Creative Commons
Guruprasad R. Medigeshi, Gaurav Batra, Deepika Rathna Murugesan

et al.

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 78, P. 103938 - 103938

Published: March 16, 2022

Rapid spread of the omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant despite extensive vaccination suggests immune escape. The neutralising ability different vaccines alone or with natural infection against is not well-known.In this cross-sectional study, we tested vaccine and induced antibodies to neutralise in a live virus neutralisation assay four groups individuals: (i) ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination, (ii) plus prior infection, (iii) inactivated (BBV152), (iv) BBV152 infection. Primary outcome was fold-change titre compared ancestral virus.We included 80 subjects. geometric mean (GMT) 50% focus reduction test (FRNT50) 380·4 (95% CI: 221·1, 654·7) 379·3 185·6, 775·2) nCov-19 alone. GMT for were 806·1 478·5, 1357·8) 1526·2 853·2, 2730·0), respectively. Against variant, only 5 out 20 both groups, 6 group, 9 group exhibited titres above lower limit quantification (1:20) suggesting better A 26·6 25·7 fold FRNT50 Omicron strain observed individuals without vaccinated nCoV-19, corresponding 57·1 58·1 fold, respectively, demonstrated moderate correlation serum anti-RBD IgG levels [Spearman r: 0·58 (0·41, 0·71)].Significant vaccine-induced infection-induced which might explain escape.Department Biotechnology, India; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, USA.

Language: Английский

Citations

54
Contribution of infection and vaccination to population-level seroprevalence through two COVID waves in Tamil Nadu, India DOI Creative Commons

T. S. Selvavinayagam,

Anavarathan Somasundaram,

Jerard Maria Selvam

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Abstract This study employs repeated, large panels of serological surveys to document rapid and substantial waning SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at the population level calculate extent which infection vaccination separately contribute seroprevalence estimates. Four rounds were conducted, spanning two COVID waves (October 2020 April–May 2021), in Tamil Nadu (population 72 million) state India. Each round included representative populations each district state, totaling ≥ 20,000 persons per round. State-level was 31.5% 1 (October–November 2020), after India’s first wave. Seroprevalence fell 22.9% 2 (April a roughly one-third decline 6 months, consistent with dramatic SARS-Cov-2 from natural infection. rose 67.1% by 3 (June–July infections Delta-variant induced second wave accounting for 74% increase. 93.1% 4 (December 2021–January 2022), vaccinations 63% Antibodies also appear wane vaccination. urban areas higher than rural areas, but gap shrunk over time (35.7 v. 25.7% 1, 89.8% 91.4% 4) as epidemic spread even low-density areas.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Impact of COVID-19 during pregnancy on placental pathology, maternal and neonatal outcome – A cross-sectional study on anemic term pregnant women from a tertiary care hospital in southern India DOI Creative Commons
Surekha Venkata Mullapudi,

Nadimpalli Suneetha,

Nagalla Balakrishna

et al.

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 21, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy may cause adverse maternal, neonatal and placental outcomes. While tissue hypoxia is often reported in COVID-19 patients, pregnant women with anemia are suspected to be more prone hypoxia-related injuries.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Pre-existing antibody levels negatively correlate with antibody titers after a single dose of BBV152 vaccination DOI Creative Commons
Suman R. Das, Janmejay Singh, Heena Shaman

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: June 15, 2022

Abstract Many adults in India have received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine with or without a prior history SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, there is limited information on the effect immunity antibody response upon vaccination India. As immunization individuals continues, we aimed to assess whether pre-existing antibodies are further boosted by single BBV152, an inactivated vaccine, and, if these can neutralize Delta and Omicron variants. Here show that natural infection during second wave 2021 led generation neutralizing against other lineages including variant, albeit significantly lower level for latter. A BBV152 titers variants but levels remained low variant. Boosting showed negative correlation baseline titers.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth inhibition by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from household contacts is not affected by previous SARS-CoV-2 infection DOI
Jane Shaw, Charlotte Christie Petersen,

Andriëtte Hiemstra

et al.

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Sero-Surveillance to Evaluate Trends in the Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a Central Indian District DOI Open Access

Pragati Rathod,

Sarita Sharma,

Ajaya Krishnan P

et al.

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Background and objective The actual community burden of SARS-CoV-2 is undervalued, as the estimates are just symptomatic infections. acute phase pandemic has waned, analytical comparison infection spread through repeated sero-epidemiological studies important in formulation effective public health strategies. This study investigated level seroprevalence IgG antibodies for virus Nagpur district, Maharashtra, India. Materials methods present cross-sectional survey was conducted over three months from September to November 2021 by carrying out a door-to-door involving 6129 participants. Among them, 3131 were municipal areas, while rest non-municipal regions. Data collection facilitated using Google Forms (Google LLC, Mountain View, California, United States). Venous blood samples collected, detected COVID KAVACH enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (developed National Institute Virology (NIV), Pune, India). information collected then cleaned, coded, analyzed Epi Info software (Centers Disease Control Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA). Results rate found be 80% whole district. Females had higher both areas than males. population aged 60 years above highest zones. vaccinated group demonstrated greater number individuals testing positive compared unvaccinated group. Conclusion significant increase relation prior because surge COVID-19 vaccination coverage after first wave pandemic. findings imply dynamic nature different degrees immunity obtained within community. Ongoing surveillance research essential refining strategies manage mitigate future pandemics effectively.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth inhibition by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from household contacts is not affected by previous SARS-CoV-2 infection DOI
Jane Shaw, Charlotte Christie Petersen,

Andriëtte Hiemstra

et al.

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Baroreflex sensitivity is impaired in survivors of mild COVID‐19 at 3–6 months of clinical recovery; association with carotid artery stiffness DOI Creative Commons

Prachi Srivastava,

P M Nabeel,

Raj Kiran

et al.

Physiological Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(21)

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

The association between the stiffening of barosensitive regions central arteries and derangements in baroreflex functions remains unexplored COVID-19 survivors. Fifty-seven survivors mild (defined as presence upper respiratory tract symptoms and/or fever without shortness breath or hypoxia; SpO2 > 93%), with an age range 22-66 years (27 females) participated at 3-6 months recovering from acute phase RT-PCR positive COVID-19. Healthy volunteers whose sensitivity (BRS) arterial stiffness data were acquired prior to onset pandemic constituted control group. BRS was found be significantly lower COVID survivor group for systolic blood pressure-based sequences (BRSSBP ) [9.78 (7.16-17.74) ms/mmHg vs 16.5 (11.25-23.78) ms/mmHg; p = 0.0253]. showed higher carotid β index [7.16 (5.75-8.18) 5.64 (4.34-6.96); (p 0.0004)], pulse wave velocity (PWVβ [5.67 (4.96-6.32) m/s 5.12 (4.37-5.41) m/s; 0.0002]. quantified by both sequence spectral methods inverse correlation PWVβ male Impairment clinical recovery shows artery stiffness.

Language: Английский

Citations

7