Therapeutic Frontiers in Nanozyme-Based Cancer Treatment: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions DOI Open Access

D.M. Silva,

A.I. Kuruppu

Vidyodaya Journal of Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(02)

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

Nanozymes, artificial nanomaterials mimicking enzyme activity, are at the forefront of innovative cancer therapies, particularly in chemodynamic therapy (CDT), photodynamic (PDT), and photothermal (PTT). Their capacity to selectively generate reactive oxygen species under tumor-specific conditions, including low pH high H₂O₂ levels, facilitates targeted induction cell death while minimizing damage healthy tissues. When integrated with PDT or PTT, nanozymes enhance oxidative stress promote immunogenic death, further amplifying anti-tumor immune responses. Recent advances single-atom intelligent have shown promise overcoming therapeutic limitations, such as tumor hypoxia suppression modulating microenvironment boost treatment efficacy. Additionally, ongoing preclinical clinical evaluations highlight potential synergistically immunotherapy outcomes. advantages over traditional enzymes, stability, tunability, cost-effectiveness, ability maintain catalytic activity hostile environments, position transformative agents therapy. However, their translation faces significant challenges, biocompatibility concerns, delivery inefficiencies sites, stringent regulatory hurdles, which require comprehensive research solutions address. Despite these advancements nanozyme design functionalization continue pave way for more effective safer applications will be discussed detail this review.Keywords: Cancer therapy, Nanomaterial, ROS, (PTT)

Language: Английский

Advancements in Antioxidant-Based Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury: A Critical Review of Strategies and Combination Approaches DOI Creative Commons

Yang-Jin Shen,

Yin-Cheng Huang,

Yi‐Chuan Cheng

et al.

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 17 - 17

Published: Dec. 26, 2024

Spinal cord injury (SCI) initiates a cascade of secondary damage driven by oxidative stress, characterized the excessive production reactive oxygen species and other molecules, which exacerbate cellular tissue through activation deleterious signaling pathways. This review provides comprehensive critical evaluation recent advancements in antioxidant-based therapeutic strategies for SCI, including natural compounds, RNA-based therapies, stem cell interventions, biomaterial applications. It emphasizes limitations single-regimen approaches, particularly their limited efficacy suboptimal delivery to injured spinal tissue, while highlighting synergistic potential combination therapies that integrate multiple modalities address multifaceted pathophysiology SCI. By analyzing emerging trends current limitations, this identifies key challenges proposes future directions, refinement antioxidant systems, development multi-targeted overcome structural complexities cord. work underscores pressing need innovative integrative approaches advance clinical translation interventions improve outcomes SCI patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Therapeutic Frontiers in Nanozyme-Based Cancer Treatment: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions DOI Open Access

D.M. Silva,

A.I. Kuruppu

Vidyodaya Journal of Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(02)

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

Nanozymes, artificial nanomaterials mimicking enzyme activity, are at the forefront of innovative cancer therapies, particularly in chemodynamic therapy (CDT), photodynamic (PDT), and photothermal (PTT). Their capacity to selectively generate reactive oxygen species under tumor-specific conditions, including low pH high H₂O₂ levels, facilitates targeted induction cell death while minimizing damage healthy tissues. When integrated with PDT or PTT, nanozymes enhance oxidative stress promote immunogenic death, further amplifying anti-tumor immune responses. Recent advances single-atom intelligent have shown promise overcoming therapeutic limitations, such as tumor hypoxia suppression modulating microenvironment boost treatment efficacy. Additionally, ongoing preclinical clinical evaluations highlight potential synergistically immunotherapy outcomes. advantages over traditional enzymes, stability, tunability, cost-effectiveness, ability maintain catalytic activity hostile environments, position transformative agents therapy. However, their translation faces significant challenges, biocompatibility concerns, delivery inefficiencies sites, stringent regulatory hurdles, which require comprehensive research solutions address. Despite these advancements nanozyme design functionalization continue pave way for more effective safer applications will be discussed detail this review.Keywords: Cancer therapy, Nanomaterial, ROS, (PTT)

Language: Английский

Citations

0