Nanoparticle Strategies for Treating CNS Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Drug Delivery and Theranostic Applications

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(24), P. 13302 - 13302

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

This review aims to address the significant challenges of treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, strokes, spinal cord injuries, and brain tumors. These are difficult manage due complexity disease mechanisms protective blood–brain barrier (BBB), which restricts drug delivery. Recent advancements in nanoparticle (NP) technologies offer promising solutions, with potential applications delivery, neuroprotection, neuroregeneration. By examining current research, we explore how NPs can cross BBB, deliver medications directly targeted CNS regions, enhance both diagnostics treatment. Key NP strategies, passive targeting, receptor-mediated transport, stimuli-responsive systems, demonstrate encouraging results. Studies show that may improve minimize side effects, increase therapeutic effectiveness models Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, stroke, glioblastoma. thus represent a approach for disorder management, combining delivery diagnostic capabilities enable more precise effective treatments could significantly benefit patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery Systems: Challenges, Innovations, And Surface Modification for Targeted Therapeutics

Indus journal of bioscience research., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 325 - 336

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Nanoparticles have become a transforming platform in drug delivery systems. Their remarkable advancement over traditional methods builds upon an improvement bioavailability, stability, and controlled of therapeutic agents. Here, we discuss the broad spectrum potential nanoparticle-based Challenges, innovations, surface modification strategies that affect their clinical translation are discussed. Notwithstanding they present, challenges including biocompatibility, toxicity, targeting efficiency persist restricting extensive utilization. The review emphasizes recent advancements, stimuli-responsive nanoparticles, which provide release reaction to environmental triggers, as well targeted delivery, facilitates selective accumulation agents at designated sites disease. Besides, techniques, such PEGylation, ligand conjugation, charge modulation, been highly promising improving stability reducing immunogenicity, enhancing cellular uptake. future systems based on nanoparticles will address these through new innovations nanoparticle design effect more effective treatments. While research advances, likely bring revolution personalized medicine, tailoring medical therapy for different diseases with minimal side effects better patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Nanocarrier-based targeted drug delivery for Alzheimer’s disease: addressing neuroinflammation and enhancing clinical translation

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 14, 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, tau pathology, and chronic neuroinflammation. Among these, neuroinflammation plays crucial role in exacerbating progression, making it an attractive therapeutic target. However, the presence of blood-brain barrier (BBB) significantly limits effective delivery agents to brain, necessitating novel drug strategies. Nanocarrier-based systems have emerged as promising solution these challenges, offering targeted transport, enhanced BBB penetration, improved bioavailability while minimizing systemic toxicity. This review explores current advancements nanocarrier-mediated for AD, focusing on mechanisms neuroinflammation, nanocarriers overcoming BBB, their ability modulate inflammatory pathways. Furthermore, discusses preclinical validation strategies key including safety concerns, large-scale production limitations, regulatory hurdles that must be addressed enable clinical translation. Future perspectives emphasize integration nanotechnology with precision medicine, gene therapy, artificial intelligence optimize nanocarrier design individualized AD treatment. By obstacles, hold potential revolutionize approaches other diseases.

Language: Английский

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A detailed evaluation of the advantages among extracellular vesicles from three cell origins for targeting delivery of celastrol and treatment of glioblastoma

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 125005 - 125005

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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