Cardiovascular adaptations and pathological changes induced by spaceflight: from cellular mechanisms to organ-level impacts

Military Medical Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Abstract The advancement in extraterrestrial exploration has highlighted the crucial need for studying how human cardiovascular system adapts to space conditions. Human development occurs under influence of gravity, shielded from radiation by Earth’s magnetic field, and within an environment characterized 24-hour day-night cycles resulting rotation, thus deviating these conditions necessitates adaptive responses survival. With upcoming manned lunar Martian missions approaching rapidly, it is essential understand impact various stressors induced outer-space environments on health. This comprehensive review integrates insights both actual simulated experiments Earth, analyze microgravity, radiation, disrupted circadian affect well-being. Prolonged exposure microgravity induces myocardial atrophy endothelial dysfunction, which may be exacerbated radiation. Mitochondrial dysfunction oxidative stress emerge as key underlying mechanisms along with disturbances ion channel perturbations, cytoskeletal damage, myofibril changes. Disruptions rhythms caused factors such light exposure, irregular work schedules, could further exacerbate issues. However, current research tends predominantly focus disruptions core clock gene, overlooking multifactorial nature rhythm space. Future should prioritize targeted prevention strategies early detection methods identifying risks, preserve astronaut health ensure mission success.

Language: Английский

Role of ferroptosis in the occurrence and progression of acute ischemic stroke

Authorea (Authorea), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 8, 2023

Ferroptosis is a new non-apoptotic form of regulatory cell death, which characterized by intracellular iron overload and excessive accumulation lipid peroxides reactive oxygen species (ROS). closely related to iron, amino acid, metabolism disorders. increasingly recognized as an important process mediating the pathogenesis progression acute ischemic stroke, it can be involved in influencing stroke risk factors atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea. Therefore, understanding mechanisms ferroptosis regulation different diseases may have significant implications for preventive treatment improvement prognosis patients with stroke. This article reviews not only specific development but also relevant associations between ferroptosis, describes current limitations future directions its factors.

Language: Английский