The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) as a Potential Target for the Control of Intestinal Inflammation: Insights from an Immune and Bacteria Sensor Receptor

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 59(3), P. 382 - 390

Published: April 11, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Intestinal microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites are predictive of Ah receptor activity

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 1788899 - 1788899

Published: Aug. 12, 2020

Commensal microbiota-dependent tryptophan catabolism within the gastrointestinal tract is known to exert profound effects upon host physiology, including maintenance of epithelial barrier and immune function. A number abundant microbiota-derived metabolites exhibit activation potential for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Gene expression facilitated by AHR through presence dietary or microbiota-generated can influence homeostasis confer protection from intestinal challenges. Utilizing untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics profiling, combined with activity screening assays, we identify four previously unrecognized metabolites, present in mouse cecal contents human stool, capacity activate AHR. Using GC/MS LC/MS platforms, quantification these novel activators, along established AHR-activating was achieved, providing a relative order abundance. physiologically relevant concentrations quantitative gene analyses, efficacy regard examined. These data reveal indole, 2-oxindole, indole-3-acetic acid kynurenic as dominant activators stool participants on controlled diet. Here provide first documentation abundance panel metabolites. Furthermore, be more sensitive, at concentrations, metabolite than Additionally, correlation analyses indicate relationship linking major activity, suggesting cecal/fecal represent biomarkers activity.

Language: Английский

---

The microbiota-immune axis as a central mediator of gut-brain communication

Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 136, P. 104714 - 104714

Published: Dec. 15, 2019

Intestinal inflammatory disorders are associated with neurophysiological and behavioral symptoms. Conversely, many of the central nervous system (CNS) accompanied by intestinal complications. These observations suggest that physiologies functionally linked. Indeed, a growing body literature has revealed multiple pathways mediating bidirectional communication between intestine CNS, collectively referred to as gut-brain axis. In particular, microbes naturally colonizing mammalian gastrointestinal (GI) tract, termed gut microbiota, not only correlate but also play causative role in regulating CNS function, development host behavior. Despite these findings, our understanding cellular molecular mechanisms mediate remains its infancy. However, members microbiota have been established potent modulators intestinal, systemic CNS-resident immune cell suggesting interactions may involve system. Multiple associations, including neuroinflammatory, neuropsychiatric neurodegenerative disorders, significant manifestations. this review, I discuss recent advances exploring microbiota-immune critical regulator axis context related disorders.

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Microbiota in Infant Health: From Early Life to Adulthood

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 7, 2021

From early life to adulthood, the microbiota play a crucial role in health of infant. The are not only key regulator infant but also associated with long-term health. Pregnancy is golden time for establishment microbiota, which affected by both environmental and genetic factors. Recently, there an explosion studies on human diseases, application disease or relatively limited because many aspects remain controversial, especially about microbiota. Therefore, critical conclusive review necessary understand fully relationship between In this article, we introduce detail from pregnancy main contents article include maternal adverse outcomes, neonatal during perinatal period life, composition gut prediction health, future study directions

Language: Английский

---

Gut–liver axis: barriers and functional circuits

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(7), P. 447 - 461

Published: April 21, 2023

Language: Английский

---