Plants,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(9), P. 1247 - 1247
Published: April 30, 2024
Chinese
cork
oak
(Quercus
variabilis
Blume)
is
a
widespread
tree
species
with
high
economic
and
ecological
values.
exhibits
epicotyl
dormancy,
causing
emergence
heterogeneity
affecting
the
quality
of
seedling
cultivation.
Gibberellic
acid-stimulated
transcript
(GAST)
plant-specific
protein
family
that
plays
crucial
regulatory
role
in
plant
growth,
development,
seed
germination.
However,
their
evolution
roles
dormancy
are
still
unclear.
Here,
genome-wide
identification
GAST
gene
was
conducted
oak.
Ten
QvGAST
genes
were
identified,
nine
them
expressed
seed.
The
physicochemical
properties
promoter
cis-acting
elements
selected
indicated
involved
hormone
response,
stress
response.
Germinated
seeds
subjected
to
gibberellins
(GAs),
abscisic
acid
(ABA),
fluridone
treatments
show
response
during
release.
Significant
changes
expression
certain
observed
under
different
treatments.
QvGAST1,
QvGAST2,
QvGAST3,
QvGAST6
exhibited
upregulation
gibberellin.
QvGAST2
markedly
upregulated
release
GA.
These
findings
suggested
might
play
an
important
This
study
provides
basis
for
further
analysis
mechanisms
underlying
alleviation
by
QvGASTs
genes.
New Phytologist,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
242(6), P. 2702 - 2718
Published: March 21, 2024
Summary
Hydrolyzable
tannins
(HTs),
predominant
polyphenols
in
oaks,
are
widely
used
grape
wine
aging,
feed
additives,
and
human
healthcare.
However,
the
limited
availability
of
a
high‐quality
reference
genome
oaks
greatly
hampered
recognition
mechanism
HT
biosynthesis.
Here,
genomes
three
Asian
oak
species
(
Quercus
variabilis
,
aliena
dentata
)
that
have
different
contents
were
generated.
Multi‐omics
studies
carried
out
to
identify
key
genes
regulating
In
vitro
enzyme
activity
assay
was
also
conducted.
Dual‐luciferase
yeast
one‐hybrid
assays
reveal
transcriptional
regulation.
Our
results
revealed
β‐glucogallin
biochemical
marker
for
production
cupules
oaks.
UGT84A13
confirmed
as
The
differential
expression
rather
than
activity,
main
reason
accumulation.
Notably,
sequence
variations
promoters
led
trans
‐activating
activities
WRKY32/59,
explaining
patterns
among
species.
findings
provide
new
trees
give
insights
into
regulation
understanding
biosynthesis
closely
related
The Plant Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
118(3), P. 766 - 786
Published: Jan. 25, 2024
SUMMARY
Rhus
chinensis
Mill.,
an
economically
valuable
Anacardiaceae
species,
is
parasitized
by
the
galling
aphid
Schlechtendalia
,
resulting
in
formation
of
Chinese
gallnut
(CG).
Here,
we
report
a
chromosomal‐level
genome
assembly
R.
with
total
size
389.40
Mb
and
scaffold
N50
23.02
Mb.
Comparative
genomic
transcriptome
analysis
revealed
that
enhanced
structure
CG
nutritional
metabolism
contribute
to
improving
adaptability
S.
supporting
growth.
was
observed
be
abundant
hydrolysable
tannins
(HT),
particularly
gallotannin
its
isomers.
Tandem
repeat
clusters
dehydroquinate
dehydratase/shikimate
dehydrogenase
(DQD/SDH)
serine
carboxypeptidase‐like
(SCPL)
their
homologs
involved
HT
production
were
determined
as
specific
HT‐rich
species.
The
functional
differentiation
DQD/SDH
tandem
duplicate
genes
significant
contraction
phenylalanine
ammonia‐lyase
(
PAL
)
gene
family
contributed
accumulation
gallic
acid
while
minimizing
shikimic
acid,
flavonoids,
condensed
CG.
Furthermore,
identified
one
UDP
glucosyltransferase
UGT84A
),
three
carboxylesterase
CXE
six
SCPL
from
conserved
are
biosynthesis
hydrolysis
We
then
constructed
regulatory
network
these
based
on
co‐expression
transcription
factor
motif
analysis.
Our
findings
provide
resource
for
exploration
underlying
mechanisms
plant‐galling
insect
interaction
highlight
importance
divergence
secondary
metabolites.
Processes,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(11), P. 2341 - 2341
Published: Oct. 25, 2024
Hamamelitannin
(2′,5-di-O-galloyl-hamamelose)
bears
two-gallate
moieties
in
its
structure,
and
is
a
natural
phenolic
product
the
leaves
bark
of
Hamamelis
virginiana.
The
antioxidant
capacity
hamamelitannin
was
evaluated
by
range
methods,
with
following
findings:
ability
to
reduce
potassium
ferric
cyanide;
scavenging
N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine
dihydrochloride
radical
(DMPD•+);
2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate)
(ABTS•+);
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH•);
cupric
ions
(Cu2+).
Additionally,
reference
antioxidants
α-Tocopherol,
butylated
hydroxyanisole
(BHA),
Trolox,
hydroxytoluene
(BHT)
were
used
for
comparison.
For
DPPH
scavenging,
had
an
IC50
value
19.31
μg/mL,
while
values
BHA,
BHT,
α-Tocopherol
10.10,
25.95,
7.05,
11.31
respectively.
study
found
that
functioned
similarly
α-tocopherol,
Trolox
terms
DPPH•
but
better
than
BHT.
as
polyphenolic
secondary
metabolite,
inhibition
capability
several
metabolic
enzymes
demonstrated,
including
acetylcholinesterase
(AChE),
butyrylcholinesterase
(BChE),
carbonic
anhydrase
I
(CA
I),
II
II)
α-glycosidase.
Ki
exhibited
7.40,
1.99,
10.18,
18.26,
25.79
nM
toward
AChE,
BChE,
hCA
I,
II,
α-glycosidase,
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(8), P. 3599 - 3599
Published: April 11, 2025
The
genus
Quercus
is
widely
distributed
globally
and
serves
as
a
potential
source
of
phenolic
compounds,
which
are
renowned
for
their
potent
biological
activities.
primary
objective
this
study
was
to
determine
the
concentrations
metabolite
components
evaluate
relative
antioxidant
activities
valonea
(acorn
cups)
from
variabilis
(Q.
variabilis)
different
geographic
origins
using
UPLC-ESI-MS/MS-based
metabolomics
approach.
A
total
791
were
identified,
with
significant
variations
in
observed
among
samples
locations.
Among
these,
1-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose
identified
key
active
compound.
biosynthesis
galloyl
sugars,
galactose
metabolism,
pathways
starch
sucrose
metabolism
represent
three
that
correspond
differential
metabolites,
encompassing
23,
11,
7
respectively.
effectiveness
could
mainly
be
linked
synthesis
sugars.
These
findings
improve
our
knowledge
composition
offer
valuable
resources
its
extensive
utilization
focused
development.
ABSTRACT
Exploring
how
plants
adapt
to
environmental
changes
is
key
plant
survive
and
protection
under
accelerating
climate
change.
Quercus
variabilis
widely
distributed
in
China
with
high
economic
ecological
value,
yet
its
elevational
adaptation
mechanism
remains
unclear.
Here,
we
investigated
the
leaf
functional
traits,
metabolome
transcriptome
of
Q.
along
an
gradient
(800–1400
m)
Mt.
Li,
China.
Results
showed
that
leaves
at
higher
elevations
became
smaller,
narrower,
thicker,
smaller
denser
stomata,
maintained
levels
nitrogen,
soluble
sugar,
total
phenol,
lignin
sugar‐to‐starch
ratio.
With
increasing
elevation,
underwent
a
metabolic
shift
from
being
dominated
by
primary
metabolism
secondary
metabolism,
1300
m
could
be
identified
as
transition
point.
Particularly,
phenylpropanoid
metabolites
(flavonoids
phenolic
acids)
played
crucial
roles
elevations.
Moreover,
24
hub
transcription
factors
(TFs)
were
screened
through
WGCNA
verified
RT‐qPCR.
Environmental
not
only
directly
influenced
but
also
affected
metabolite
accumulation
TF‐mediated
gene
expression,
which
turn
traits.
This
study
highlights
integrating
simultaneously
provides
novel
insights
into
mechanisms
for
shaping
plants’
adaptability.
