Risk Factors of Severe COVID-19: A Review of Host, Viral and Environmental Factors

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 175 - 175

Published: Jan. 7, 2023

The clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe disease death. Understanding the risk factors is relevant both in setting at epidemiological level. Here, we provide an overview host, viral environmental that have been shown or (in some cases) hypothesized be associated with outcomes. considered detail include age frailty, genetic polymorphisms, biological sex (and pregnancy), co- superinfections, non-communicable comorbidities, immunological history, microbiota, lifestyle patient; variation infecting dose; socioeconomic factors; air pollution. For each category, compile (sometimes conflicting) evidence for association factor outcomes (including strength effect) outline possible action mechanisms. We also discuss complex interactions between various factors.

Language: Английский

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Global prevalence and effect of comorbidities and smoking status on severity and mortality of COVID-19 in association with age and gender: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 19, 2023

Abstract A COVID-19 patient often presents with multiple comorbidities and is associated adverse outcomes. comprehensive assessment of the prevalence in patients essential. This study aimed to assess comorbidities, severity mortality regard geographic region, age, gender smoking status COVID-19. systematic review multistage meta-analyses were reported using PRISMA guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Google Scholar EMBASE searched from January 2020 October 2022. Cross-sectional studies, cohort case series case–control studies on reporting among populations that published English included. The pooled various medical conditions was calculated based regional population size weights. Stratified analyses performed understand variations gender, region. total 190 comprising 105 million Statistical STATA software, version 16 MP (StataCorp, College Station, TX). Meta-analysis proportion obtain values comorbidities: hypertension (39%, 95% CI 36–42, n = 170 studies), obesity (27%, 25–30%, 169 diabetes 175), asthma (8%, 7–9%, 112). Moreover, hospitalization 35% (95% 29–41%, 61), intensive care admissions 17% 14–21, 106), 18% 16–21%, 145). highest Europe at 44% 39–47%, 68), 30% CI, 26–34, 79) 27% (95%CI, 24–30, 80) North America, 9% 8–11, 41). Obesity high ≥ 50 years (30%, 112) age group, Men (26%, 124) observational higher than (19% vs. 14%). Random effects meta-regression found a significant association between ( p < 0.001), 0.05), ICU admission 0.05) 0.001). Overall, global (39%) lower (8%), Hence, geographical regions respective chronic should accelerate regular booster dose vaccination, preferably those prevent disease novel SARS-CoV-2 variants concern (VOC).

Language: Английский

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Effect of asthma, COPD, and ACO on COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. e0276774 - e0276774

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Introduction The prevalence of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) in patients with COVID-19 varies, as well their risks mortality. present study aimed to assess the COPD, ACO comorbidities, determine mortality using a systematic review meta-analysis. Methods We systematically reviewed clinical studies that reported comorbidities COVID-19. searched various databases including PubMed (from inception 27 September 2021) for eligible written English. A meta-analysis was performed random-effect model measuring risk estimated. stratified analysis conducted according country. Results One hundred one were eligible, 1,229,434 identified. Among them, estimated 10.04% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.79–11.30), 8.18% CI, 7.01–9.35), 3.70% 2.40–5.00), respectively. odds ratio pre-existing asthma 0.89 0.55–1.4; p = 0.630), while COPD 3.79 2.74–5.24; <0.001). France showed highest followed by UK, Netherlands India. Conclusion Pre-existing are associated incidence Having significantly increases These differences appear be influenced difference locations pathophysiology daily diagnosis treatment policy each

Language: Английский

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Characterizing the Association Between Asthma and Clinical Outcomes in Emergency Department Patients With Symptomatic COVID-19

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Few studies have investigated the risks of developing intubation and death in patients seen emergency department (ED) with COVID-19 pre-existing asthma. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from Canadian Emergency Department Rapid Response Network (CCEDRRN) March 1st, 2020, to December 31st, 2021. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 positive SARS-CoV-2 test. The primary outcome was composite or death, secondary severe COVID-19, as defined by World Health Organization. Multivariable modified Poisson regression used assess association between asthma outcomes, adjusted for possible confounding. Out 38,139 patients, 2,826 (7.41%) had asthma, 17.1% inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). found no significant evidence suggesting an hospital (relative risk (RR): 0.97; 95% CI: 0.86-1.1). highest group aged 80+ years (RR: 10.54; 7.01-15.85), compared reference 18-29 years. Users ICS agents slightly higher non-ICS users 1.12; 1.01-1.25).

Language: Английский

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Demographic and regional trends in asthma mortality in the United States, 1999-2020

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Background Asthma remains a public health concern in the United States, with mortality disproportionately affecting demographic groups. This study aimed to describe national trends asthma from 1999 2020 and identify regional disparities.

Language: Английский

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Interstitial lung disease independently associated with higher risk for COVID-19 severity and mortality: A meta-analysis of adjusted effect estimates

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 111, P. 109088 - 109088

Published: July 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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A Machine Learning Model for Predicting Hospitalization in Patients with Respiratory Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(15), P. 4574 - 4574

Published: Aug. 5, 2022

A machine learning approach is a useful tool for risk-stratifying patients with respiratory symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, as it still evolving. We aimed to verify predictive capacity of gradient boosting decision trees (XGboost) algorithm select most important predictors including clinical and demographic parameters in who sought medical support due signs (RAPID RISK COVID-19). total 7336 were enrolled study, 6596 that did not require hospitalization 740 required hospitalization. identified symptoms, particular, lower oxyhemoglobin saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO2) higher rate, fever, heart levels blood pressure, associated age, male sex, underlying conditions diabetes mellitus hypertension, more often. The model yielded ROC curve an area under (AUC) 0.9181 (95% CI, 0.9001 0.9361). In conclusion, our had high discriminatory value which enabled identification profile predictive, preventive, personalized severity symptoms.

Language: Английский

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Acceptance Rates of COVID-19 Vaccine Highlight the Need for Targeted Public Health Interventions

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1167 - 1167

Published: July 22, 2022

We aimed to examine rates of COVID-19 vaccination elucidate the need for targeted public health interventions. retrospectively reviewed electronic medical files all adults registered in a central district Israel from 1 January 2021 31 March 2022. The population was characterized by status against and number doses received. Univariate multivariable analyses were used identify predictors low that required Of 246,543 subjects included study, 207,911 (84.3%) vaccinated. minority groups ultra-Orthodox Jews Arabs had lower than non-ultra-Orthodox (68.7%, 80.5% 87.7%, respectively, p < 0.001). Adults socioeconomic (SES) compared those high SES (74.4% vs. 90.8%, aged 20−59 years rate ≥60 (80.0% 92.1%, 0.0001). Multivariate analysis identified five independent variables significantly (p 0.001) associated with rates: sector Arab population, underlying conditions asthma, smoking diabetes mellitus (odds ratios: 0.484, 0.453, 0.843, 0.901 0.929, respectively). Specific interventions towards these subpopulations are suggested.

Language: Английский

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Platelet Indices as Novel Surrogate Markers for the Prognosis of COVID-19 Infection: An Observational Study

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 12, 2024

Background The new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes illness accountable for causing the disease 2019 (COVID-19) illness. Thrombotic issues, distress (ARDS), and cytokine storm are significant contributors to morbidity mortality in patients with COVID-19. Elevated D-dimer levels prothrombin times further indicators of abnormal coagulation parameters COVID-19 patients. This study aimed platelet indices as prognostic markers infection. Methods In this prospective observational study, 150 real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-positive were enrolled between October 2020 September 2021. All subjects screened explained procedure their native language. Following enrolment, a detailed history physical examination performed. Subsequently, laboratory investigations performed, subjected high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) classify into mild, moderate, according severity taken account plateletcrit (PCT) percentage, count (PLT) lakh per microlitre, mean volume (MPV) femtolitres, distribution width (PDW) femtolitres. Results PLT was significantly greater among survivors than non-survivors (2.03 ± 0.72 versus 1.76 0.47; p-value = 0.018). MPV (10.42 0.53 9.22 0.64; <0.0001) PDW (17.99 1.53 16.54 0.91 fl; survivors. However, PCT (0.22 0.03% 0.18 0.33%; <0.0001). At cut-off 0.213, sensitivity specificity predicting death found be 79.2% 74.5%, respectively. 16.75, 68.8% 59.8%, findings demonstrated relationship elevated Increased connected higher survival, 87.5% 75.5%, respectively, >9.75 may predict death. >16.75 exhibited With comparable >0.213 Conclusion severely sick patients, should routinely calculated can utilized simple, low-cost indicators.

Language: Английский

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Characterizing the association between asthma and clinical outcomes in emergency department patients with symptomatic COVID-19

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Few studies have investigated the risks of developing intubation and death in patients seen ED with COVID-19 pre-existing asthma. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from Canadian Emergency Department Rapid Response Network (CCEDRRN) March 1st, 2020, to December 31st, 2021. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 positive SARS CoV-2 test. The primary outcome was composite or death, secondary severe as defined by World Health Organization. Multivariable modified Poisson regression used assess association between asthma outcomes, adjusted for possible confounding. Out 38,139 patients, 2,826 (7.41%) had asthma, 17.1% inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). found no significant evidence suggesting an hospital (RR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.86, 1.1). highest risk group aged 80+ years 10.54; 7.01, 15.85), compared reference 18-29 years. Users ICS agents slightly higher non-ICS users 1.12; 1.01, 1.25). Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04702945

Language: Английский

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