Progressive dysbiosis of human orodigestive microbiota along the sequence of gastroesophageal reflux, Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma

International Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 151(10), P. 1703 - 1716

Published: June 25, 2022

Abstract The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) has drastically increased in the United States since 1970s for unclear reasons. We hypothesized that widespread usage antibiotics procarcinogenic potential orodigestive microbiota along sequence gastroesophageal reflux (GR), Barrett's esophagus (BE) and EA phenotypes. This case control study included normal controls (NC) three disease phenotypes GR, BE EA. Microbiota mouth, esophagus, stomach, rectum were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Overall, we discovered 44 significant pairwise differences abundance microbial taxa between four phenotypes, with 12 21 two nine rectum. Along GR→BE→EA sequence, oral more diversified, dominant genus Streptococcus was progressively depleted while six other genera Atopobium, Actinomyces, Veillonella, Ralstonia, Burkholderia Lautropia enriched. In NC, appeared to populations foregut via numerous negative positive connections, states, rich network markedly simplified. Inferred functional content showed a progressive enrichment through stages development genes encoding antibiotic resistance, ligands Toll‐like NOD‐like receptors, nitrate‐nitrite‐nitric oxide pathway acetaldehyde metabolism. is dysbiotic state GR‐BE‐EA sequence. increasing dysbiosis states warrants further define their roles pathogenesis.

Language: Английский

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Restoration ecology meets design-engineering: Mimicking emergent traits to restore feedback-driven ecosystems

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 902, P. 166460 - 166460

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

Ecosystems shaped by habitat-modifying organisms such as reefs, vegetated coastal systems and peatlands, provide valuable ecosystem services, carbon storage protection. However, they are declining worldwide. Ecosystem restoration is a key tool for mitigating these losses but has proven failure-prone, because stability often hinges on self-facilitation generated emergent traits from habitat modifiers. Emergent not expressed the single individual, emerge at level of an aggregation: minimum patch-size or density-threshold must be exceeded to generate self-facilitation. Self-facilitation been successfully harnessed clumping transplanted organisms, requires large amounts often-limiting costly donor material. Recent advancements highlight that kickstarting mimicking can similarly increase success. In this perspective, we framework combining expertise ecologists, engineers industrial product designers transition trial-and-error trait design-based, cost-efficient approaches support large-scale restoration.

Language: Английский

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Contrasting range changes and drivers of four forest foundation species under future climate change in China

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 942, P. 173784 - 173784

Published: June 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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Patronus charm: a comparison of benefactor plants and climate mediation effects on diversity

Oikos, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(8)

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Deserts are subject to significant anthropogenic pressure. The capacity buffer against changes in the local environment and biodiversity critical for ecosystem functioning. Foundation species can be a solution rapidly assess ecological function provide simple nature‐based protect continuing losses. A foundation is defined as that exerts promotes positive set of processes biotic network. Two different shrub central drylands California were used assay potential plant richness examine species‐specificity facilitation. five‐year dataset two distinct regions differing aridity was test hypothesis direct effects plants facilitate other diversity losses changing climate. predicted both on increased with increasing temperatures sampled. Finally, projected temperature increases region trained Bayesian models demonstrated profoundly increase their richness. Colloquially, this effect described patronus charm because regardless form protector, provided talisman loss driven by increases.

Language: Английский

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The importance of native shrubs on the distribution and diversity of reptiles and amphibians in the central drylands of Southwestern USA.

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(6-7), P. 2131 - 2151

Published: April 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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