Unveiling novel insights in prostate cancer through single-cell RNA sequencing

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 8, 2023

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a cutting-edge technology that provides insights at the individual cell level. In contrast to traditional bulk RNA-seq, which captures gene expression an average level and may overlook important details, scRNA-seq examines each as fundamental unit particularly well-suited for identifying rare populations. Analogous microscope distinguishes various types within tissue sample, unravels heterogeneity diversity single species, offering great potential leading method in future. context of prostate cancer (PCa), disease characterized by significant multiple stages progression, emerges powerful tool uncovering its intricate secrets.

Language: Английский

---

Gene LY96 is an M2 macrophage‐related biomarker and is associated with immunosuppression in renal cell carcinoma

MedComm – Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(3)

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Abstract Lymphocyte Antigen 96 (LY96) was identified as an oncogene in several tumors. However, its role renal cancer has not been explored. In the study, LY96 is abnormally expressed using public kidney sequencing data. The expression level of validated paired clinical samples. Survival analyses and ROC curves are used to examine prognostic diagnostic value. Gene sets enrichment (GSEA) show might influence immune processes. Then infiltration results suggest that positively correlated with M2 macrophages RCC. Single‐cell data verify association macrophages. Moreover, various scores affect efficacy immunotherapy. Drug screening be target vemurafenib etoposide. Further experiments confirm spatial co‐localization M2, knocking down can inhibit polarization. Cell viability indicate would result a decrease resistance study shows could act unfavorable biomarker for RCC possibly contribute progression by promoting macrophage. novel therapeutic

Language: Английский

---

Tissue-Based Biomarkers in Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancer: A Narrative Review

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Prostate cancer (PC) is a common malignancy of elderly men, characterized by great heterogeneity in its clinical course, ranging from an indolent to highly aggressive disease. The variant prostate (AVPC) clinically shows atypical pattern disease progression, similar that small cell PC (SCPC), and also shares the chemo-responsiveness SCPC. term AVPC does not describe specific histologic subtype but rather group tumors that, irrespective morphology, show dictated androgen receptor (AR) indifference. AR indifference represents adaptive response deprivation therapy (ADT), driven epithelial plasticity, inherent ability tumor cells adapt their environment changing phenotypic characteristics bi-directional way. molecular profile entails combined alterations suppressor genes retinoblastoma protein 1 (RB1), 53 (TP53) phosphatase tensin homolog (PTEN). understanding biologic castration-resistant (CRPC) need identify subset patients would potentially benefit therapies necessitate development prognostic predictive biomarkers. This review aims discuss possible pathophysiologic mechanisms potential use emerging tissue-based biomarkers practice.

Language: Английский

---

Subtype Transdifferentiation in Human Cancer: The Power of Tissue Plasticity in Tumor Progression

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 350 - 350

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

The classification of tumors into subtypes, characterized by phenotypes determined specific differentiation pathways, aids diagnosis and directs therapy towards targeted approaches. However, with the advent explosion next-generation sequencing, cancer are turning out to be far more heterogenous than initially thought, is continually being updated include subtypes. Tumors indeed highly dynamic, they can evolve undergo various changes in their characteristics during disease progression. picture becomes even complex when tumor responds a therapy. In all these cases, cells acquire ability transdifferentiate, changing subtype, adapt microenvironments. These modifications affect tumor’s growth rate, invasiveness, response treatment, overall clinical behavior. Studying subtype transitions crucial for understanding evolution, predicting outcomes, developing personalized treatment strategies. We discuss this emerging hallmark molecular mechanisms involved at crossroads between microenvironment, focusing on four different human cancers which tissue plasticity causes switch: breast cancer, prostate glioblastoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Language: Английский

---

An 18-gene signature of recurrence-associated endothelial cells predicts tumor progression and castration resistance in prostate cancer

British Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 131(5), P. 870 - 882

Published: July 12, 2024

Abstract Background The prognostic and therapeutic implications of endothelial cells (ECs) heterogeneity in prostate cancer (PCa) are poorly understood. Methods We investigated associations EC with PCa recurrence castration resistance 8 bulk transcriptomic 4 single-cell RNA-seq cohorts. A recurrence-associated (RAEC) signature was constructed by comparing 11 machine learning algorithms through nested cross-validation. Functional relevances RAEC-specific genes were also tested. Results subset ECs significantly associated primary named RAECs. RAECs characteristic tip immature enriched migration, angiogenesis, collagen-related pathways. then developed an 18-gene RAEC (RAECsig) representative Higher RAECsig scores independently predicted tumor performed better or comparably compared to clinicopathological factors commercial gene signatures multiple Of the 18 genes, FSCN1 upregulated from higher Gleason scores; silencing FSCN1, TMEME255B, GABRD either attenuated tube formation inhibited cell proliferation. Finally, both castration-resistant PCa. Conclusion This study establishes that links a resistance.

Language: Английский

---