Recent Advances in the 3D Printing of Conductive Hydrogels for Sensor Applications: A Review

Polymers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(15), P. 2131 - 2131

Published: July 26, 2024

Conductive hydrogels, known for their flexibility, biocompatibility, and conductivity, have found extensive applications in fields such as healthcare, environmental monitoring, soft robotics. Recent advancements 3D printing technologies transformed the fabrication of conductive creating new opportunities sensing applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview application 3D-printed hydrogel sensors. First, basic principles techniques hydrogels are briefly reviewed. We then explore various methods discussing respective strengths limitations. The also summarizes hydrogel-based In addition, perspectives on sensors highlighted. aims to equip researchers engineers with insights into current landscape inspire future innovations this promising field.

Language: Английский

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Microinstrumentation for Brain Organoids

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(21)

Published: Jan. 13, 2024

Brain organoids are three-dimensional aggregates of self-organized differentiated stem cells that mimic the structure and function human brain regions. Organoids bridge gaps between conventional drug screening models such as planar mammalian cell culture, animal studies, clinical trials. They can revolutionize fields developmental biology, neuroscience, toxicology, computer engineering. Conventional microinstrumentation for cellular engineering, microfluidic chips; microelectrode arrays (MEAs); optical, magnetic, acoustic techniques, has limitations when applied to (3D) organoids, primarily due their limits with inherently two-dimensional geometry interfacing. Hence, there is an urgent need develop new instrumentation compatible live culture techniques scalable 3D formats relevant organoids. This review discusses approaches emerging necessary advanced organoid-machine interfaces. Specifically, this article surveys recently developed microinstrumentation, including printed curved microfluidics, fast-scan optical buckling self-folding MEAs, interfaces electrochemical measurements, spatially controllable magnetic technologies two-way information transfer highlights key challenges must be addressed robust organoid reliable spatiotemporal transfer.

Language: Английский

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Ultra-high precision nano additive manufacturing of metal oxide semiconductors via multi-photon lithography

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

As a basic component of the versatile semiconductor devices, metal oxides play critical role in modern electronic information industry. However, ultra-high precision nanopatterning often involves multi-step lithography and transfer process, which is time-consuming costly. Here, we report strategy, using metal-organic compounds as solid precursor photoresist for multi-photon post-sintering, to realize additive manufacturing oxides. result, gain including ZnO, CuO ZrO

Language: Английский

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Hybrid Microfluidic Chip Design with Two‐Photon Polymerized Protein‐Based Hydrogel Microstructures for Single Cell Experiments

Advanced Materials Technologies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Abstract Although hydrogels are among the most promising materials for a huge variety of biomimicking and tissue engineering applications, conventional such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) still outweigh in terms processability production microfluidic devices. Hence, incorporating hydrogel components inside PDMS‐based chips is approach to take advantage many possibilities utilize hydrogels, while maintaining standard properties devices mechanical stability. Microfluidic produced by soft lithography combined with high‐resolution protein‐based elements fabricated two‐photon polymerization (2PP). Those hybrid used distinguish different cell phenotypes injecting pancreatic cancer cells device investigate interactions microstructures. The Young's modulus blocks printed at experimental conditions determined atomic force microscopy measurements. To showcase high 3D resolution presented fabrication method, fully fibrous meshes configurations microchannels. By measuring velocity circularity that pass through varying densities, impact on flow determined. Furthermore, precursor solution successfully removed immersed phosphate buffered saline.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Titanium Dioxide Nanotube Array Stability on Dental Implants through Laser Lithography–Assisted Microline Patterning

Acta Biomaterialia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Additive manufacturing of water-soluble 3D micro molds for complex-shaped lipid microparticles

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Micro and nanoparticles made from polymers, metals, ceramics, lipids are crucial for biomedical devices, energy storage, electronics. Traditional fabrication methods like grinding, milling, emulsification result in monolithic shapes heterogeneous sizes. To improve shape control, techniques such as photolithography, inkjet printing (IJP), molding employed. Water-soluble molds particularly promising materials with solvent incompatibility, thermolability, poor mechanical properties. Among them, interesting their use applications, however, current limit lipid microparticles to spherical shapes. This study presents calcium-based water-soluble 3D micro fabricated using two-photon polymerization (TPP) complex-shaped microparticles. TPP-fabricated organogels converted hydrogels, loaded calcium nitrate, calcined into Ca-based materials. Lipids infiltrated PVA-coated via IJP, selective mold leaching water creates 2 µm resolution. The can encapsulate release lipophilic hydrophilic drugs. be prepared a number of find but preparation lead undesirable Here, the authors report development method

Language: Английский

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Substrate-Independent Wettability Patterning via Vapor-Based Polymer Nanocoating Deposition for Enhanced Droplet Transport

ACS Applied Polymer Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Multiphoton 3D lithography

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: March 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Lab-on-a-chip device for microfluidic trapping and TIRF imaging of single cells

Biomedical Microdevices, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy is a powerful imaging technique that visualizes the outer surface of specimens in close proximity to substrate, yielding crucial insights cell membrane compositions. TIRF plays key role single-cell studies but typically requires chemical fixation ensure direct contact between and which can compromise viability promote clustering. In this study, we present microfluidic device with structures designed trap single yeast cells fix them substrate enable measurements on membrane. The traps are fabricated using two-photon polymerization, allowing high-resolution printing intricate encapsulate all three dimensions while maintaining exposure flow within device. Our adaptable design allows us reduce residual movement trapped minimum high trapping efficiencies. We identify optimal structure configuration demonstrate efficiency be tuned by modifying concentration injection methods. Additionally, replicating soft hydrogel materials, potential our approach for further studies. authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests disclose competing declare. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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Scalable Fabrication of Height‐Variable Microstructures with a Revised Wetting Model

Advanced Engineering Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

Varying the height of microstructures is crucial for tuning surface properties such as wettability, adhesion, and optical characteristics, which are essential in applications from microfluidics to biosensing. However, conventional techniques fabricating height‐variable often costly labor‐intensive, involving multiple intricate steps. Herein, an innovative, rapid, cost‐effective approach using CO 2 laser‐machined poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) molds produce polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) introduced. The method leverages varying laser fluence precisely control feature depth on PMMA substrates, creating high‐fidelity negative without requiring chemical modifications. applicability Cassie–Baxter Wenzel equations systematically investigated. To this aim, six sharkskin surfaces with controlled gradients fabricated their wettability behavior studied. Results show pronounced anisotropic hydrophobicity, variations contact angles sliding one direction depending height‐induced curvature effects. These conclusions establish that classical wetting models neglect consider fully effect droplet behavior. By proposing a modified equation includes variable plane according heights, prediction validity onto structured enhanced. insights provide fundamental understanding microstructures.

Language: Английский

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