Del Río Hortega’s insights into oligodendrocytes: recent advances in subtype characterization and functional roles in axonal support and disease

Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: March 12, 2025

Pío Del Río Hortega (1882–1945) was a giant of modern neuroscience and perhaps the most impactful member Cajal’s School. His contributions to clarifying structure nervous system were key understanding brain beyond neurons. He uncovered microglia oligodendrocytes, latter until then named mesoglia. Most importantly, characterization oligodendroglia subtypes he made has stood omics revolution that added molecular details relevant comprehend their biological properties. Astounding as it may seem on today’s eyes, postulated century ago oligodendrocytes provide trophic support axons, an idea is now doubt under scrutiny dysfunction at axon-myelin unit neurodegeneration. Here, we revised recent advancements in oligodendrocyte biology shed light Hortega’s ideas ago.

Language: Английский

The role of the adaptive immune system in the initiation and persistence of multiple sclerosis

Seminars in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 78, P. 101947 - 101947

Published: April 4, 2025

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in which complex networks interacting immune cells initiate and sustain disease. The pathogenesis relapsing MS driven by adaptive that become activated outside CNS compartment then migrate into to a presumably autoimmune inflammatory process. Recent technological advances, particularly single-cell analyses, have revealed substantial heterogeneity T B involved this stage Disease progression involves different mechanisms, with compartmentalized inflammation chronic activation CNS-resident becoming predominant features. contribution tissue-resident pathology progressive MS, including CD8+ meningeal compart, increasingly debated. Here, we will discuss concepts how might maintain CNS, while responses intrinsic cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neurons, are described elsewhere [1-5] not be particular focus overview. Finally, it aim review conceptualize grounds for efficient therapeutic interventions targeting players but also MS.

Language: Английский

Glial-immune interactions in barrier organs

Mucosal Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский