Cognitive Functioning of Children in Out-of-Home Care DOI Creative Commons

Misja Eiberg

Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 217 - 230

Published: Nov. 14, 2023

Abstract Purpose: Most children who enter out-of-home care (OHC) have been subjected to prolonged maltreatment. Maltreatment potentially contributes a cumulative deficit in neurocognitive maturation and development that is likely proceed with the child’s placement into OHC persist throughout adulthood. From theoretical perspective of how maltreatment may affect developing brain, this study examines IQ executive function placed on standardized, norm-referenced measures. Furthermore, investigates prevalence serious cognitive delays, defined by scores clinical range administered instruments. Methods: The included 153 foster (66% female), aged 6–15 ( M = 10.5, SD 2.1). Independent two-sample t-tests were run test for significant differences between sample norm population applied neuropsychological Results: results showed discrepancies global scope, lagging significantly behind all measures ranging from 0.61 2.10 p < .001). Also, developmental delays domains vastly overrepresented 11.3% (IQ) 66.0% (executive function). Conclusions: document very high deficits among sample. implications identifying effects practices child welfare system are discussed terms suitable assessment intervention strategies.

Language: Английский

The future of neuroscience in developmental psychopathology DOI Creative Commons
Luke W. Hyde, Jessica L. Bezek, Cleanthis Michael

et al.

Development and Psychopathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Developmental psychopathology started as an intersection of fields and is now a field itself. As we contemplate the future this field, consider ways in which newer, interdisciplinary – human developmental neuroscience can inform, be informed by, psychopathology. To do so, outline principles how they are and/or implemented neuroscience. In turn, highlight collaboration between these lead to richer models more impactful translation. doing describe from enrich directions for

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Aspects of Area Deprivation Index in Relation to Hippocampal Volume Among Children DOI Creative Commons
Benson S. Ku, Katrina Aberizk, Cope Feurer

et al.

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(6), P. e2416484 - e2416484

Published: June 12, 2024

Area deprivation index (ADI) has been shown to be associated with reduced hippocampal volume (HV) among youths. The social environment may interact the association between ADI and HV.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Threat experiences moderate the link between hippocampus volume and depression symptoms prospectively in adolescence DOI Creative Commons
Max P. Herzberg, Meriah Lee DeJoseph, Joan L. Luby

et al.

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 66, P. 101359 - 101359

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Identifying neuroimaging risk markers for depression has been an elusive goal in psychopathology research. Despite this, smaller hippocampal volume emerged as a potential marker depression, with recent research suggesting this association is moderated by family income. The current pre-registered study aimed to replicate and extend these findings examining the moderating role of income three dimensions environmental experience on link between hippocampus later depression. Data were drawn from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) comprised 6,693 youth aged 9-10 years at baseline. Results indicated that psychosocial threat right symptoms two later, such negative was evident low-threat environments (std. beta=0.15, 95% CI [0.05, 0.24]). This interaction remained significant when baseline included covariate, though only endorsing 1 or more (β = 0.13, [0.03, 0.22]). These results suggest may not be consistent correlate high emphasize importance including measures heterogeneity seeking

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Dimensions of family stress and repetitive nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescence: Examining the interactive effects of impulsivity and emotion dysregulation DOI
Yemiao Gao, Jinmeng Liu, Xia Liu

et al.

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 152, P. 106804 - 106804

Published: April 17, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Maternal caregiving moderates relations between maternal childhood maltreatment and infant cortisol regulation DOI Creative Commons
Miriam Chasson, Jennifer E. Khoury, Michelle Bosquet Enlow

et al.

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 8, 2025

Background Children of maltreated mothers are at increased risk for adverse physical and psychological health. Both prenatal postnatal alterations in offspring biological stress systems have been proposed as mechanisms contributing to such transmission. The aim the current study was assess whether maternal care infant moderated any effect childhood maltreatment on cortisol output during a mild stressor 4 months age. Methods Participants included 181 mother–infant dyads, screened recruitment result 57.4% reporting one or more forms maltreatment. Mothers were assessed quality caregiving, infants salivary Still‐Face Paradigm age months. Maternal using Maltreatment Abuse Chronology Exposure (MACE) self‐report scales. Results Greater severity neglect interacted with higher levels disoriented caregiving predict over course Paradigm. In contrast, abuse negative‐intrusion lower output. role confusion linked greater regardless history. Conclusions may moderate effects factors existing prior infant's birth. Disoriented context negative‐intrusive behavior associated opposite directions hormone results suggest that interventions addressing risks from both periods be most effective mitigating intergenerational

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Research Review: Assessment of early‐life adversity and trauma – cumulative risk and dimensional approaches DOI
Laura Machlin,

Margaret A. Sheridan,

Angelina Tsai

et al.

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

In this research review, we present approaches and recommendations for assessing early‐life adversity childhood trauma aligned with two leading conceptual models of adversity: cumulative risk dimensional models. We summarize the measurement implications each model common in studies utilizing these consider other critical components assessment trauma, including retrospective prospective reporting, objective subjective measurement, caregiver child reporting. Finally, briefly existing interview questionnaire measures that are widely used to assess using both approaches. This work suggests there is greater heterogeneity relative those model, which allows more flexibility adversity. addition, observed detailed were available experiences threat compared deprivation. Measures terms frequency severity across multiple dimensions experience within a single measure needed facilitate consistent reliable particularly when applying

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Relations of Lifetime Perceived Stress and Basal Cortisol With Hippocampal Volume Among Healthy Adolescents and Those at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach DOI
Katrina Aberizk, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden

et al.

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 96(5), P. 401 - 411

Published: Dec. 12, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Reconsidering the nature of threat in infancy: Integrating animal and human studies on neurobiological effects of infant stress DOI Creative Commons
Karlen Lyons‐Ruth, Miriam Chasson, Jennifer E. Khoury

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 105746 - 105746

Published: June 3, 2024

Early life stress has been associated with elevated risk for later psychopathology. One mechanism that may contribute to such long-term is alterations in amygdala development, a brain region critical responsivity. Yet effects of on the during human infancy, period particularly rapid remain largely unstudied. In order model how early stressors affect infant several discrepancies across existing literatures among rodents and threat versus deprivation older children adults need be reconciled. We briefly review key findings each these literatures. then consider them light emerging from studies infants regarding relations maternal caregiving, cortisol response, volume. Finally, we advance developmental salience impact rapidly developing brain, potential integrate divergent Future work assess value this also proposed.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Associations between childhood ethnoracial minority density, cortical thickness, and social engagement among minority youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis DOI
Benson S. Ku, Meghan A. Collins, Deidre M. Anglin

et al.

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 48(12), P. 1707 - 1715

Published: July 12, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

6
A Multidimensional Analysis of the Social Determinants of Psychotic-like Experiences DOI Open Access
Benson S. Ku, Qingyue Yuan, Grace M. Christensen

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

Recent research has demonstrated that domains of social determinants health (SDOH) (e.g., air pollution and context) are associated with psychosis. However, SDOHs have often been studied in isolation.

Language: Английский

Citations

1