Bioresource Technology Reports,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24, P. 101641 - 101641
Published: Sept. 28, 2023
This
paper
reviews
information
about
the
design
and
performance
of
existing
biochar
production
kilns
to
identify
areas
for
further
research
development.
The
kiln
designs
are
categorized
into
flame
curtain
kilns,
drum
pyrolytic
top-lit-updraft
cookstoves,
retort
masonry
others.
Depending
on
design,
reviewed
can
attain
yield
efficiency
10–46
%
produce
containing
26–87
fixed
carbon
with
a
calorific
value
14–40
MJ
kg−1.
Comparison
available
is
challenging
as
some
data
required
either
unavailable
or
derived
from
experiments
that
use
single
feedstock.
However,
qualitative
schematic
comparison
indicates
best
suited
most
applications
in
low-income
settings.
These
would
likely
be
improved
approach
theoretical
maximum
whilst
improving
quality
reducing
emission
levels,
by
combining
appropriate
features
other
kilns.
Flow Turbulence and Combustion,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
111(2), P. 355 - 408
Published: July 4, 2023
Abstract
In
a
pyrolysis
reactor,
organic
polymers
from
biomass
or
plastic
waste
are
thermally
decomposed
into
volatile
gases,
condensable
vapours
(tar
bio-oil)
and
solid
residues
(char).
Since
these
products
may
serve
as
building
blocks
for
downstream
chemical
refinement
form
the
basis
of
bio-derived
fuels,
is
thought
to
be
instrumental
in
our
progress
towards
circular
economy.
A
reactor
constitutes
multiphase
reactive
system
whose
operation
influenced
by
many
physical
phenomena
that
occur
at
different
scales.
Because
interactions
potential
reinforcements
processes
difficult
isolate
elucidate
experimentally,
development
predictive
modelling
tool,
example,
based
on
CFD-DEM
(discrete
element
method)
methodology,
attracting
increasing
attention,
particularly
reactors
operated
with
feedstock.
By
contrast,
descriptions
remain
challenge
present,
mainly
due
an
incomplete
understanding
their
melting
behaviour.
this
article,
we
provide
blueprint
describing
process
within
scope
CFD-DEM,
review
choices
made
past
investigations
detail
underlying
assumptions.
Furthermore,
influence
operating
conditions
feedstock
properties
key
metrics
process,
such
conversion,
product
composition
residence
time,
determined
analyses
surveyed
systematised.
Open
challenges
identify
pertain
incorporation
particle
non-sphericity
polydispersity,
plastics,
shrinkage,
exothermicity
part
gas-particle
chemistry
catalytic
effects.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
62(28), P. 10729 - 10786
Published: July 3, 2023
Phase
change
is
a
phenomenon
that
has
been
extensively
utilized
in
chemical
engineering,
energy,
electronics,
vehicle,
and
space
exploration.
From
both
the
science
engineering
perspectives,
gaining
profound
understanding
of
intricacies
multiphase
flow
processes
accompanied
by
heat
mass
transfer
due
to
phase
fundamental
importance.
Indeed,
computational
fluid
dynamics
(CFD)
increasingly
applied
as
an
effective
tool
give
in-depth
efficient
analysis
processes,
thereby
enhancing
our
capacity
control
optimize
effects
these
processes.
This
paper
seeks
provide
comprehensive
review
utilization
CFD
methodologies
simulations
flows
across
various
applications,
including
temperature
management,
drying,
separation
purification,
others.
First,
models
at
scales
are
developed
elucidate
summarized.
Second,
noteworthy
advances
recent
simulation
work
on
presented,
respectively.
Finally,
challenges
potential
prospects
facilitate
application
discussed.
The
current
aims
offer
insightful
guidance
for
modeling
numerous
scenarios.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
260, P. 115066 - 115066
Published: May 30, 2023
Membrane-based
separation
processes
has
been
recently
of
significant
global
interest
compared
to
other
conventional
approaches
due
possessing
undeniable
advantages
like
superior
performance,
environmentally-benign
nature
and
simplicity
application.
Computational
simulation
fluids
shown
its
role
in
modeling
numerous
physical/chemical
phenomena
including
chemical
engineering,
reaction,
aerodynamics,
drug
delivery
plasma
physics.
Definition
can
be
occurred
using
the
Navier–Stokes
equations,
but
solving
equations
remains
an
important
challenge.
In
membrane-based
processes,
true
perception
fluid's
manner
through
disparate
membrane
modules
is
concern,
which
significantly
limited
applying
numerical/computational
procedures
such
s
computational
fluid
dynamics
(CFD).
Despite
this
noteworthy
advantage,
optimization
CFD
time-consuming
expensive.
Therefore,
combination
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
result
creation
a
promising
hybrid
model
accurately
predict
results
appropriately
optimize
phase
separation.
This
paper
aims
provide
comprehensive
overview
about
commonly-employed
ML-based
techniques
with
intelligently
increase
accuracy
mass
transfer
unfavorable
events
(i.e.,
fouling)
various
processes.
To
reach
objective,
four
principal
strategies
AI
SL,
USL,
SSL
ANN
were
explained
their
advantages/disadvantages
discussed.
Then
after,
prevalent
algorithm
for
Finally,
application
potential
different
fouling
control,
desalination
wastewater
treatment)
presented.
