Lipids in Health and Disease,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
19(1)
Published: March 16, 2020
Abstract
Introduction
Dyslipidemia
may
be
defined
as
increased
levels
of
serum
total
cholesterol
(TC),
low-density
lipoprotein
(LDL-C),
triglycerides
(TG),
or
a
decreased
high-density
(HDL-C)
concentration.
is
an
established
risk
factor
for
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD).
We
aimed
to
investigate
the
association
dyslipidemia
and
CVD
events
among
population
sample
from
Mashhad,
in
northeastern
Iran.
Material
methods
This
prospective
cohort
study
comprised
8698
men
women
aged
35–65
years
who
were
recruited
Mashhad
Stroke
Heart
Atherosclerotic
Disorder
(MASHAD)
study.
Socioeconomic
demographic
status,
anthropometric
parameters,
laboratory
evaluations,
lifestyle
factors,
medical
history
gathered
through
comprehensive
questionnaire
clinical
assessment
all
participants.
Cox
regression
model
95%
confidence
interval
(CI)
used
evaluate
its
components
with
incidence.
Results
After
6
follow-up,
233
cases
(including
119
unstable
angina
[US],
74
stable
[SA],
40
myocardial
infarction
[MI])
identified
population.
Unadjusted
baseline
LDL-C,
TC,
TG
positively
associated
entire
(HR:
1.54,
CI:
1.19–2;
P
-value<
0.01;
HR:
1.53;
1.18–1.98;
<
1.57;
1.27–2.03;
0.01,
respectively).
However,
after
adjusting
confounding
factors
(age,
body
mass
index
[BMI],
family
CVD,
smoking
status
[non-smoker,
ex-smoker
current
smoker],
lipid
lowering
drug
treatment,
anti-hypertensive
hypertension,
healthy
eating
[HEI],
energy
intake,
presence
diabetes
mellitus),
significant
direct
only
remained
between
TC
MI
2.71;
95%CI:
1.12–6.57;
0.05).
Conclusion
In
present
study,
level
was
significantly
men.
New England Journal of Medicine,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
382(16), P. 1507 - 1519
Published: March 18, 2020
Inclisiran
inhibits
hepatic
synthesis
of
proprotein
convertase
subtilisin-kexin
type
9.
Previous
studies
suggest
that
inclisiran
might
provide
sustained
reductions
in
low-density
lipoprotein
(LDL)
cholesterol
levels
with
infrequent
dosing.We
enrolled
patients
atherosclerotic
cardiovascular
disease
(ORION-10
trial)
and
or
an
risk
equivalent
(ORION-11
who
had
elevated
LDL
despite
receiving
statin
therapy
at
the
maximum
tolerated
dose.
Patients
were
randomly
assigned
a
1:1
ratio
to
receive
either
(284
mg)
placebo,
administered
by
subcutaneous
injection
on
day
1,
90,
every
6
months
thereafter
over
period
540
days.
The
coprimary
end
points
each
trial
placebo-corrected
percentage
change
level
from
baseline
510
time-adjusted
after
90
up
540.A
total
1561
1617
underwent
randomization
ORION-10
ORION-11
trials,
respectively.
Mean
(±SD)
104.7±38.3
mg
per
deciliter
(2.71±0.99
mmol
liter)
105.5±39.1
(2.73±1.01
liter),
At
510,
reduced
52.3%
(95%
confidence
interval
[CI],
48.8
55.7)
49.9%
CI,
46.6
53.1)
trial,
corresponding
53.8%
51.3
56.2)
49.2%
46.8
51.6)
(P<0.001
for
all
comparisons
vs.
placebo).
Adverse
events
generally
similar
placebo
groups
although
injection-site
adverse
more
frequent
than
(2.6%
0.9%
4.7%
0.5%
trial);
such
reactions
mild,
none
severe
persistent.Reductions
approximately
50%
obtained
inclisiran,
subcutaneously
months.
More
occurred
placebo.
(Funded
Medicines
Company;
ClinicalTrials.gov
numbers,
NCT03399370
NCT03400800.).
European Heart Journal,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
42(47), P. 4791 - 4806
Published: July 30, 2021
Recent
advances
in
human
genetics,
together
with
a
large
body
of
epidemiologic,
preclinical,
and
clinical
trial
results,
provide
strong
support
for
causal
association
between
triglycerides
(TG),
TG-rich
lipoproteins
(TRL),
TRL
remnants,
increased
risk
myocardial
infarction,
ischaemic
stroke,
aortic
valve
stenosis.
These
data
also
indicate
that
their
remnants
may
contribute
significantly
to
residual
cardiovascular
patients
on
optimized
low-density
lipoprotein
(LDL)-lowering
therapy.
This
statement
critically
appraises
current
understanding
the
structure,
function,
metabolism
TRL,
pathophysiological
role
atherosclerotic
disease
(ASCVD).
Key
points
are
(i)
working
definition
normo-
hypertriglyceridaemic
states
relation
ASCVD,
(ii)
conceptual
framework
generation
due
dysregulation
production,
lipolysis,
remodelling,
as
well
clearance
remnant
from
circulation,
(iii)
pleiotropic
proatherogenic
actions
at
arterial
wall,
(iv)
challenges
defining,
quantitating,
assessing
atherogenic
properties
particles,
(v)
exploration
relative
atherogenicity
compared
LDL.
Assessment
these
issues
provides
foundation
evaluating
approaches
effectively
reduce
levels
by
targeting
either
or
hepatic
clearance,
combination
mechanisms.
consensus
updates
an
integrated
manner,
thereby
providing
platform
new
therapeutic
paradigms
aim
reducing
ASCVD.
Circulation,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
139(25)
Published: Jan. 17, 2019
Risk
assessment
is
a
critical
step
in
the
current
approach
to
primary
prevention
of
atherosclerotic
cardiovascular
disease.
Knowledge
10-year
risk
for
disease
identifies
patients
higher-risk
groups
who
are
likely
have
greater
net
benefit
and
lower
number
needed
treat
both
statins
antihypertensive
therapy.
Current
US
guidelines
blood
pressure
cholesterol
management
recommend
use
pooled
cohort
equations
start
process
shared
decision-making
between
clinicians
prevention.
The
been
widely
validated
broadly
useful
general
clinical
population.
But,
they
may
systematically
underestimate
from
certain
racial/ethnic
groups,
those
with
socioeconomic
status
or
chronic
inflammatory
diseases,
overestimate
higher
closely
engaged
preventive
healthcare
services.
If
uncertainty
remains
at
borderline
intermediate
risk,
if
patient
undecided
after
patient-clinician
discussion
consideration
enhancing
factors
(eg,
family
history),
additional
testing
measurement
coronary
artery
calcium
can
be
reclassify
estimates
improve
selection
avoidance
statin
This
special
report
summarizes
rationale
evidence
base
quantitative
assessment,
reviews
strengths
limitations
existing
scores,
discusses
approaches
refining
individual
patients,
provides
practical
advice
regarding
implementation
strategies
practice.
